如果一個進程fork一個子進程,但不要它等待子進程終止,也不希望子進程處于僵死狀態(tài)直到父進程終止,實現(xiàn)這一要求的技巧是調(diào)用fork2次。
下面是實例代碼:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main(void)
{
pid_t pid;
if((pid = fork()) < 0) {
printf("error: fork error.\n");
} else if(pid == 0) {
if((pid = fork()) < 0)
printf("error: fork error.\n");
else if(pid > 0)
exit(0);
/* we are the second child; our parent becomes init as soon as
* our real parent calls exit() in the statement above. Here is
* where we had continue executing , knowing that when we are
* done, init will reap our status.
*/
sleep(2);
printf("second child, parent pid = %d\n", getppid());
exit(0);
}
if(waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) != pid)
printf("error, waitpid error.\n");
exit(0);
}
這里核心思想是,把第二個子進程的父進程換成init進程,因為init進程會立馬終止僵死進程。而最開始的父進程也因為直接子進程(第一個進程)終止,不需要阻塞。#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main(void)
{
pid_t pid;
if((pid = fork()) < 0) {
printf("error: fork error.\n");
} else if(pid == 0) {
if((pid = fork()) < 0)
printf("error: fork error.\n");
else if(pid > 0)
exit(0);
/* we are the second child; our parent becomes init as soon as
* our real parent calls exit() in the statement above. Here is
* where we had continue executing , knowing that when we are
* done, init will reap our status.
*/
sleep(2);
printf("second child, parent pid = %d\n", getppid());
exit(0);
}
if(waitpid(pid, NULL, 0) != pid)
printf("error, waitpid error.\n");
exit(0);
}
第二個子進程調(diào)用sleep以保證在打印父進程ID時第一個字進程已終止。在fork之后,父子進程都可以繼續(xù)執(zhí)行,并且我們無法預知哪個會限制性。在fork之后,如果不是第二個子進程休眠,那么它可能比其父進程先執(zhí)行,于是它打印的父進程ID將是創(chuàng)建它的父進程,而不是init進程。