常用字符串件的類型轉換。
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From
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To
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Sample
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字符串常量
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BSTR
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Right:
BSTR bs = ::SysAllocString(_T("Test string"));
…
::SysFreeString();
Wrong:
BSTR bs = _T("Test string"); //ERROR
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LPWSTR /
LPCWSTR /
WCHAR* /
wchar_t
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BSTR
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Right:
LPCTSTR sz1 = _T("Test String");
BSTR bs = ::SysAllocString(sz1);
…
::SysFreeString();
Wrong:
LPTSTR sz1 = _T("Test String");
BSTR bs = sz1; //ERROR
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BSTR
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LPCWSTR /
const WCHAR * /
const wchar_t *
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Right:
BSTR bs = ...; //
...
LPCTSTR sz = static_cast<LPCTSTR>bs;
...
::SysFreeString(bs);
//Never use sz after this line
Wrong:
BSTR bs = ...; //
...
LPCTSTR sz = bs;
...
::SysFreeString(bs);
//Never use sz after this line
_tcslen(sz); //ERROR
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BSTR
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LPWSTR /
WCHAR* /
wchar_t*
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Right:
BSTR bs = ...; //
//...
UINT len = ::SysStringLen(bs);
// Do not modify the BSTR content by
// C/C++ string functions
LPTSTR sz = new TCHAR[len+1];
_tcsncpy(sz, bs, len);
::SysFreeString(bs);
delete []sz;
Wrong:
BSTR bs = ...; //
//...
// Do not modify the BSTR content by
// C/C++ string functions
LPTSTR sz = bs; //Error
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CString
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BSTR
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Right:
CString str1 = ...;
BSTR bs = str1.AllocSysString();
SomeMethod(bs);
// void SomeMethod([in]BSTR)
::SysFreeString(bs);
CComBSTR bs1(static_cast<LPCTSTR>(str1));
SomeMethod(static_cast<BSTR> (bs1) );
// void SomeMethod([in] BSTR )
_bstr_t bs2( static_cast<LPCTSTR>(str1));
SomeMethod(static_cast<BSTR> (bs2) );
Wrong:
CString str1 = ...;
SomeMethod(str1.AllocSysString());
// No one will releasee the return BSTR of
// str1.AllocSysString()
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BSTR
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CString
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Right:
BSTR bs = SysAllocString(_T(“Test”));
CString str1(bs);
CString str2;
Str2 = bs;
SysFreeString(bs); // Never forget this line
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char* / LPSTR / LPCSTR
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BSTR
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Right:
Solution 1：
char str[MAX_STR_LEN] = "ANSI string";
WCHAR wstr[MAX_WSTR_LEN];
// Convert ANSI to Unicode
MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, str,
strlen(str)+1, wstr,
sizeof(wstr)/sizeof(wstr[0]) );
BSTR bs1 = ::SysAllocString(wstr);
CString cs = str;
BSTR bs2 = cs.AllocSysString()
Solution 2：
char str[MAX_STR_LEN] = "ANSI string";
_bstr_t bs1(str);
CComBSTR bs2(str);
Wrong:
char *str = "ANSI string";
BSTR bstr1 = SysAllocString(
(const OLECHAR*) str);
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BSTR
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char* / LPSTR / LPCSTR
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Right:
Solution 1：
char str[MAX_STR_LEN];
BSTR bs = ::SysAllocString(L"Test");
// Convert ANSI to Unicode
WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP, 0,
(LPCWSTR)bs, -1,
str, MAX_STR_LEN, NULL, NULL );
::SysFreeString(bs);
Solution 2：
BSTR bs = ::SysAllocString(L"Test");
_bstr_t bs1(bs, false);
const char* str = static_cast <const char*> bs1;
Wrong:
BSTR bstr1 = SysAllocString(L”ANSI string");
char *str = (char*) bstr1;
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IMPORTANT: 上面所有的例子都是按照UNICODE應用程序設計的。并且不考慮BSTR中包含多個字串的情況，也就是BSTR只在結束的位置有一個0結束符。對于MBCS/ANSI程序，可以參考上面的例子。主要區別是對于現在的COM版本OLECHAR是wchar_t，但是TCHAR 對于UNICODE程序才是wchar_t。
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