无码人妻久久久一区二区三区,热久久视久久精品18,欧美伊香蕉久久综合类网站

boost::static_assert

原文地址：
http://www.smth.edu.cn/bbsanc.php?path=%2Fgroups%2Fdevelop.faq%2FProgramming%2Flanguages%2Fc_cpp%2Fboost%2FM.1021441404.O0

發(fā)信人: flier (小海 (:好日子不多了:)), 信區(qū): Programming
標(biāo) 題: boost::static_assert
發(fā)信站: BBS 水木清華站 (Wed May 15 13:43:35 2002)

boost::static_assert

BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT的使用

BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單但常用的宏，顧名思義起到編譯期
斷言的功效，可以通過(guò)它，在編譯時(shí)對(duì)開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境以及類(lèi)型定義進(jìn)行檢查。
此類(lèi)型檢測(cè)對(duì)程序運(yùn)行時(shí)無(wú)任何效率和空間上的影響。

  例如在namespace中加入

namespace my_conditions {
  BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT >= 32);
  BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(WCHAR_MIN >= 0);
} // namespace my_conditions

  確保int類(lèi)型至少32位，wchar_t類(lèi)型為unsigned。

  也可以在模板函數(shù)中檢測(cè)入口參數(shù)的類(lèi)型是否符合要求

template <class RandomAccessIterator >
RandomAccessIterator foo(RandomAccessIterator from, RandomAccessIterator to)
{
   // this template can only be used with
   // random access iterators...
   typedef typename std::iterator_traits
     < RandomAccessIterator >::iterator_category cat;
   BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((boost::is_convertible
     <cat, const std::random_access_iterator_tag&>::value));
   //
   // detail goes here...
   return from;
}

  確保foo函數(shù)的輸入迭代子符合random access iterator的concept

  此外還可以在模板類(lèi)里面驗(yàn)證模板參數(shù)

template <class UnsignedInt>
class myclass
{
private:
   BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(UnsignedInt) * CHAR_BIT >= 16);
   BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<UnsignedInt>::is_specialized
                        && std::numeric_limits<UnsignedInt>::is_integer
                        && !std::numeric_limits<UnsignedInt>::is_signed);
public:
   /* details here */
};

  通過(guò)以上示例，我們可以總結(jié)出BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT的基本使用規(guī)律

首先是全局上對(duì)編譯環(huán)境進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，看是否符合設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)的假定，這對(duì)程序的
可移植性有很大幫助。其次是在模板類(lèi)、模板函數(shù)中，對(duì)作為模板參數(shù)的類(lèi)型
進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，驗(yàn)證其是否符合設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)假設(shè)。最后是能夠?qū)p中的concept概念貫徹
到代碼中，使代碼強(qiáng)制性與設(shè)計(jì)同步，并增強(qiáng)代碼可讀性。

BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT的實(shí)現(xiàn)

  在實(shí)現(xiàn)上，BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT宏利用c++規(guī)范中，對(duì)不完整類(lèi)型
即不可實(shí)例化的類(lèi)型，在對(duì)其進(jìn)行sizeof運(yùn)算時(shí)編譯錯(cuò)誤的特性，完成功能
大概的簡(jiǎn)化代碼如下

template <bool x> struct STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE;
template <> struct STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<true>{};
template<int x> struct static_assert_test{};

#define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(B) \
  typedef static_assert_test<sizeof(STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<B> > \
    boost_static_assert_typedef_ ## __LINE__

  注意為了能夠使用多個(gè)BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT，在類(lèi)型命名時(shí)加入了
行號(hào)以區(qū)別。對(duì)namespace而言，因?yàn)橥籲amespace可能分布在多個(gè)不同的
頭文件中，而不同頭文件中可能在同一行使用BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT檢測(cè)，
所以必須用一個(gè)namespace把斷言檢測(cè)隔離開(kāi)，如上面例子所示。

  此外，對(duì)于VC來(lái)說(shuō)，在使用/ZI參數(shù)時(shí)，__LINE__宏會(huì)發(fā)生錯(cuò)誤，
(參見(jiàn)MSDN中Q199057錯(cuò)誤)，好在VC會(huì)忽略typedef重復(fù)定義。
對(duì)某些不支持typedef此類(lèi)特性的編譯器，boost提供了使用enum的替代方案

附：boost/static_assert.hpp

//  (C) Copyright John Maddock 2000.
//  Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
//  distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
//  in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
//  warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.

//  See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.

/*
Revision history:
   02 August 2000
      Initial version.
*/

#ifndef BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_HPP
#define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_HPP

#include <boost/config.hpp>

#ifdef __BORLANDC__
//
// workaround for buggy integral-constant expression support:
#define BOOST_BUGGY_INTEGRAL_CONSTANT_EXPRESSIONS
#endif

namespace boost{

// HP aCC cannot deal with missing names for template value parameters
template <bool x> struct STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE;

template <> struct STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE<true>{};

// HP aCC cannot deal with missing names for template value parameters
template<int x> struct static_assert_test{};

}

//
// Implicit instantiation requires that all member declarations be
// instantiated, but that the definitions are *not* instantiated.
//
// It's not particularly clear how this applies to enum's or typedefs;
// both are described as declarations [7.1.3] and [7.2] in the standard,
// however some compilers use "delayed evaluation" of one or more of
// these when implicitly instantiating templates.  We use typedef declarations
// by default, but try defining BOOST_USE_ENUM_STATIC_ASSERT if the enum
// version gets better results from your compiler...
//
// Implementation:
// Both of these versions rely on sizeof(incomplete_type) generating an error
// message containing the name of the incomplete type.  We use
// "STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE" as the type name here to generate
// an eye catching error message.  The result of the sizeof expression is either
// used as an enum initialiser, or as a template argument depending which version
// is in use...
// Note that the argument to the assert is explicitly cast to bool using old-
// style casts: too many compilers currently have problems with static_cast
// when used inside integral constant expressions.
//
#if !defined(BOOST_BUGGY_INTEGRAL_CONSTANT_EXPRESSIONS) && !defined(__MWERKS__)
#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
#define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( B ) \
   typedef ::boost::static_assert_test<\
      sizeof(::boost::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE< (bool)( B ) >)>\
         BOOST_JOIN(boost_static_assert_typedef_, __LINE__)
#else
// __LINE__ macro broken when -ZI is used see Q199057
// fortunately MSVC ignores duplicate typedef's.
#define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( B ) \
   typedef ::boost::static_assert_test<\
      sizeof(::boost::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE< (bool)( B ) >)\
      > boost_static_assert_typedef_
#endif
#else
// alternative enum based implementation:
#define BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( B ) \
   enum { BOOST_JOIN(boost_static_assert_enum_, __LINE__) \
      = sizeof(::boost::STATIC_ASSERTION_FAILURE< (bool)( B ) >) }
#endif

#endif // BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_HPP

--
.  生命的意義在于   /\   ____\ /\_ \   /\_\                             .
.      希望         \ \  \___/_\/\ \   \/_/__     __    _ _★           .
.      工作          \ \   ____\\ \ \    /\  \  /'__`\ /\`'_\           .
.    愛(ài)你的人         \ \  \___/ \ \ \___\ \  \/\  __//\ \ \/           .
.   和你愛(ài)的人         \ \___\    \ \_____\ \__\ \____\ \ \_\           .
.      ……             \/___/     \/_____/\/__/\/____/  \/_/ @126.com  .

※ 來(lái)源:·BBS 水木清華站 bbs.edu.cn·[FROM: 202.114.32.225]

posted on 2007-12-14 10:02 金慶閱讀(1028) 評(píng)論(1) 編輯收藏引用所屬分類(lèi): 1. C/C++

評(píng)論

# re: boost::static_assert 2008-01-05 21:26 螞蟻終結(jié)者

不錯(cuò)，雖然沒(méi)用過(guò)。卻值的學(xué)習(xí) 回復(fù) 更多評(píng)論

刷新評(píng)論列表

只有注冊(cè)用戶(hù)登錄后才能發(fā)表評(píng)論。
【推薦】100%開(kāi)源！大型工業(yè)跨平臺(tái)軟件C++源碼提供，建模，組態(tài)！

相關(guān)文章: How are dtLinks created in NavMesh C++ parameter passing rules Naming Conventions for Accessors Visual Studio 2019 Compiler Hangs Fbx File Format Identifier 查找內(nèi)存錯(cuò)誤 std::thread 中的異常會(huì)丟失調(diào)用棧用賦值代替 protobuf CopyFrom() vs2017 linux 編譯輸出改成 vs 格式為 LiteIDE 添加選中標(biāo)記

網(wǎng)站導(dǎo)航: 博客園 IT新聞 BlogJava 博問(wèn) Chat2DB 管理

金慶的專(zhuān)欄

公告

留言簿(12)

隨筆分類(lèi)(502)

隨筆檔案(423)

相冊(cè)

搜索

積分與排名

最新評(píng)論

閱讀排行榜

評(píng)論排行榜

boost::static_assert

BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT的使用

BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT的實(shí)現(xiàn)

附：boost/static_assert.hpp

評(píng)論