原文地址:blog.csdn.net/jphaoren/archive/2010/06/12/5667181.aspx
類對象數組初始化
如有一個如下類:
class EquipmentPiece {
private:
int IDNumber;
public:
EquipmentPiece(int IDNumber) : IDNumber(IDNumber) {};
};
以下列出幾種初始化的方法:
<一>、對象數組
int ID1, ID2, ID3;
EquipmentPiece bestPieces[] = { EquipmentPiece(ID1), EquipmentPiece(ID2), EquipmentPiece(ID3) };
注意:
EquipmentPiece bestPieces[10]; //no appropriate default constructor available
EquipmentPiece *bestPieces = new EquipmentPiece[10]; //no appropriate default constructor available
當然,如果你將構造函數參數全都設了默認值,以上兩種寫法也成功,如將類中構造函數修改如下:
...
EquipmentPiece(int IDNumber = 0) : IDNumber(IDNumber) {};
...
<二>、指針數組
typedef EquipmentPiece* PEP; //PEP是個指向EquipmentPiece的指針
PEP bestPieces[10]; //等同于 PEP *bestPieces = new PEP[10];
//然后初始化
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
bestPieces[i] = new EquipmentPiece( IDNumber );
}
注意:
要記得將此數組所指的所有對象刪除。如果忘了會產生資源泄露。還有就是該方法與對象數組相比需要額外內存用于存放指針。(過度使用內存 這一問題可以避免,見第三種方法)
<三>、使用placement new
方法是:先為此數組分配raw memory,然后使用"placement new"在這塊內存上構造EquipmentPiece objects;
//分配足夠的raw memory,給一個預備容納10個EquipmentPiece objects的數組使用
void *rawMemory = operator new(10*sizeof(EquipmentPiece));
//讓bestPieces指向此內存,使這塊內存被視為一個EquipmentPiece數組
EquipmentPiece *bestPieces = reinterpret_cast<EquipmentPiece*>(rawMemory);
//利用"placement new"構造這塊內存中的EquipmentPiece objects。
int IDNumber = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
new (&bestPieces[i]) EquipmentPiece( IDNumber );
}
注意:該方法維護比較困難。在數組內對象結束生命時,要以手動方式調用destructors,最后還得調用operator delete釋放raw memory。
//將bestPieces中對象以構造次序的反序析構掉
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++){
bestPieces[i].~EquipmentPiece();
}
//釋放raw memory
operator delete (rawMemory);
posted on 2011-02-14 22:02
luis 閱讀(1485)
評論(0) 編輯 收藏 引用