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[轉載]boost庫的使用介紹

1.boost::any

boost::any是一種通用的數據類型，可以將各種類型包裝后統一放入容器內
最重要的它是類型安全的。有點象COM里面的variant.

使用方法：
any::type() 返回包裝的類型
any_cast可用于any到其他類型的轉化

?

#include? < boost / any.hpp >
void ?test_any()
{
?typedef?std::vector < boost::any > ?many;
?many?a;
?a.push_back( 2 );
?a.push_back( string ( " test " ));

? for (unsigned? int ?i = 0 ;i < a.size(); ++ i)
? {
??cout << a[i].type().name() << endl;
?? try
?? {
??? int ?result? = ?any_cast < int > (a[i]);
???cout << result << endl;
??}
?? catch (boost::bad_any_cast? & ?ex)
?? {
???cout << " cast?error: " << ex.what() << endl;
??}
?}
}

2.boost::array

boost::array僅僅是對數組一層薄薄的封裝，提供跟各種算法配合的iterator,使用方法很簡單
注意：可以使用{}來初始化array,因為array所有的成員變量都是public的

?

#include? < boost / array.hpp >
void ?test_array()
{
?array < int , 10 > ?ai? = ? { 1 , 2 , 3 } ;

? for (size_t?i = 0 ;i < ai.size(); ++ i)
? {
??cout << ai[i] << endl;
?}
}

3.boost::lexical_cast
lexical_cast用于將字符串轉換成各種數字類型(int,float,short etc.)

?

#include? < boost / lexical_cast.hpp >
void ?test_lexical_cast()
{
? int ?i? = ?boost::lexical_cast < int > ( " 123 " );
?cout? << ?i? << ?endl;
}

4.boost::format
boost::format是用于替代c里面的sprintf，優點是類型安全，不會因為類型和參數不匹配而導致程序崩潰了
而且還可以重復使用參數

?

#include? < boost / format.hpp >
void ?test_format()
{
?cout? << ?boost::format( " writing?%1%,??x=%2%?:?%3%-th?try " )? % ? " toto " ? % ? 40.23 ? % ? 50 ? << endl;?

?format?f( " a=%1%,b=%2%,c=%3%,a=%1% " );
?f? % ? " string " ? % ? 2 ? % ? 10.0 ;

?cout? << ?f.str()? << ?endl;
}

5.boost::tokenizer
boost::tokenizer是用于切割字符串的，類似于Java里面的StringTokenizer。

?

#include? < boost / tokenizer.hpp >
void ?test_tokenizer()
{
? string ?s( " This?is??,?a?,test! " );
?boost::tokenizer <> ?tok(s);
? for (tokenizer <> ::iterator?beg = tok.begin();?beg != tok.end(); ++ beg) {
???????cout? << ? * beg? << ? " \n " ;
?}
}

6.boost::thread
boost::thread是為了提供跨平臺的thread機制。利用boost::function來完成委托。

?

#include? < boost / thread.hpp >
void ?mythread()
{
?cout << " hello,thread! " << endl;
}

void ?test_thread()
{
?boost::function < ? void ?()? > ?f(mythread);
?boost::thread?t(f);
?t.join();
?cout << " thread?is?over! " << endl;
}

7.boost::serialization
boost::serialization提供object的序列化功能。而且提供好幾種序列化的格式，比如text,binary,xml

?

#include? < boost / archive / text_oarchive.hpp >
#include? < boost / archive / text_iarchive.hpp >
#include? < boost / archive / xml_oarchive.hpp >
void ?test_serialization()
{
?boost::archive::text_oarchive?to(cout?,?boost::archive::no_header);
? int ?i? = ? 10 ;
? string ?s? = ? " This?is?a?test\n " ;
?to? & ?i;
?to? & ?s;

?ofstream?f( " test.xml " );
?boost::archive::xml_oarchive?xo(f);
?xo? & ?BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(i)? & ?BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(s);

?boost::archive::text_iarchive?ti(cin?,?boost::archive::no_header);
?ti? & ?i? & ?s;
?cout? << " i= " << ?i? << ?endl;
?cout? << " s= " << ?s? << ?endl;
}

?

8.boost::function
boost::function就是所謂的泛函數，能夠對普通函數指針，成員函數指針，functor進行委托，達到遲調用的效果

?

#include? < boost / function.hpp >
int ?foo( int ?x, int ?y)
{
?cout << ? " (foo?invoking)x?=? " << x? << ? " ?y?=? " << ?y? << endl;
? return ?x + y;
}

struct ?test
{
? int ?foo( int ?x, int ?y)
? {
??cout << ? " (test::foo?invoking)x?=? " << x? << ? " ?y?=? " << ?y? << endl;
?? return ?x + y;
?}
} ;

void ?test_function()
{
?boost::function < int ?( int , int ) > ?f;
?f? = ?foo;
?cout? << ? " f(2,3)= " << f( 2 , 3 ) << endl;

?test?x;
? /**/ /* f?=?std::bind1st(
??????std::mem_fun(&test::foo),?&x); */
?boost::function < int ?(test * , int , int ) > ?f2;
?f2? = ? & test::foo;
??
?cout? << ? " f2(5,3)= " << f2( & x, 5 , 3 ) << endl;
}

9.boost::shared_ptr
boost::shared_ptr就是智能指針的實現，不象std::auto_ptr，它是可以stl的容器一起使用的，非常的方便

#include? < boost / shared_ptr.hpp >
class ?Shared
{
public :
?Shared()
? {
??cout? << ? " ctor()?called " << endl;
?}
?Shared( const ?Shared? & ?other)
? {
??cout? << ? " copy?ctor()?called " << endl;
?}
? ~ Shared()
? {
??cout? << ? " dtor()?called " << endl;
?}
?Shared? & ? operator ? = ?( const ?Shared? & ?other)
? {
??cout? << ? " operator?=??called " << endl;
?}
} ;

void ?test_shared_ptr()
{
?typedef?boost::shared_ptr < Shared > ?SharedSP;
?typedef?vector < SharedSP > ?VShared;
?VShared?v;
?v.push_back(SharedSP( new ?Shared()));
?v.push_back(SharedSP( new ?Shared()));
}

posted on 2006-10-05 10:55 永遇樂 閱讀(1108) 評論(0)  編輯 收藏 引用 所屬分類: STL & Boost