注：以下代碼以一個名為CTest6Dlg的對話框類為例
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1. 在任務欄隱藏對話框
ModifyStyleEx(WS_EX_APPWINDOW, WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW);
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2. 使對話框為頂層窗口
SetWindowPos(&this->wndTopMost, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE);
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3. 在運行時添加最大化，最小化按鈕
SetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE,
GetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE) |
WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX);
UpdateWindow();
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4. 使能對話框右上角關閉按鈕
在OnInitDialog中
方法一：
CMenu* menu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
menu->ModifyMenu(SC_CLOSE, MF_BYCOMMAND | MF_GRAYED );
方法二：
CMenu* menu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
menu->EnableMenuItem(SC_CLOSE, MF_BYCOMMAND | MF_GRAYED);
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5. 當對話框一部分在屏幕外時，顯示全部對話框
SendMessage(DM_REPOSITION);
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6. 改變鼠標外形
添加 WM_SETCURSOR 消息映射函數
BOOL CTest6Dlg::OnSetCursor(CWnd* pWnd, UINT nHitTest, UINT message)
{
SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_HELP));
return 0;
}
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7. 改變對話框背景色和文本顏色
在CTest6App的InitInstance中添加
SetDialogBkColor(RGB(255,0,0), RGB(0,255,0));
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8. 改變對話框caption上的圖標
導入自己的圖標資源到工程中，把原來ID為 IDR_MAINFRAME 的資源刪除，把新的圖標的ID命名為IDR_MAINFRAME
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9. 在主對話框顯示前，顯示一個login對話框
BOOL CTest6App::InitInstance()
{
//...
int nResponse;
CLoginDlg loginDlg;
nResponse = loginDlg.DoModal();
if (nResponse == IDOK)
{
}
if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
{
return FALSE;
}
CTest6Dlg dlg;
m_pMainWnd = &dlg;
int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();
if (nResponse == IDOK )
{
}
else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)
{
}
return FALSE;
}
然后重載CLoginDlg對話框的哦OnOK()，在其中判斷條件
void CLoginDlg::OnOK()
{
if (條件滿足)
CDialog::OnOK();
else
AfxMessageBox(_T("invalid password!"));
}
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10. 在對話框中添加工具欄
方法一：添加以下代碼到 OnInitDialog 中
if ( !m_wndToolBar.Create(this) || !m_wndToolBar.LoadToolBar(IDR_TOOLBAR1) )
{
TRACE0("Failed to Create Dialog Toolbar\n");
EndDialog(IDCANCEL);
}
CRect rcClientOld; // 久客戶區RECT
CRect rcClientNew; // 加入TOOLBAR后的CLIENT RECT
GetClientRect(rcClientOld); //
// Called to reposition and resize control bars in the client area of a window
// The reposQuery FLAG does not really traw the Toolbar. It only does the calculations.
// And puts the new ClientRect values in rcClientNew so we can do the rest of the Math.
//重新計算RECT大小
RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST,
AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,
0,
reposQuery,
rcClientNew);
// All of the Child Windows (Controls) now need to be moved so the Tollbar does not cover them up.
//所有的子窗口將被移動，以免被TOOLBAR覆蓋
// Offest to move all child controls after adding Tollbar
//計算移動的距離
CPoint ptOffset(rcClientNew.left-rcClientOld.left,
rcClientNew.top-rcClientOld.top);
CRect rcChild;
CWnd* pwndChild = GetWindow(GW_CHILD); //得到子窗口
while(pwndChild) // 處理所有子窗口
{
//移動所有子窗口
pwndChild->GetWindowRect(rcChild);
ScreenToClient(rcChild);
rcChild.OffsetRect(ptOffset);
pwndChild->MoveWindow(rcChild,FALSE);
pwndChild = pwndChild->GetNextWindow();
}
CRect rcWindow;
GetWindowRect(rcWindow); // 得到對話框RECT
rcWindow.right += rcClientOld.Width() - rcClientNew.Width(); // 修改對話框尺寸
rcWindow.bottom += rcClientOld.Height() - rcClientNew.Height();
MoveWindow(rcWindow,FALSE); // Redraw Window
RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST,AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,0);
方法二：
http://www.codeproject.com/dialog/dlgtoolstatusbar.asp
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11.響應對話框的最大化、最小化、關閉、恢復事件
方法一：添加 WM_SYSCOMMAND 消息映射函數
void CTest6Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
if ( (nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX )
{
CAboutDlg dlgAbout;
dlgAbout.DoModal();
}
else
{
if ( nID == SC_MAXIMIZE )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("最大化"));
}
else if ( nID == SC_MINIMIZE )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("最小化"));
}
else if ( nID == SC_CLOSE )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("關閉"));
}
CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);
}
方法二：添加 WM_SIZE 消息映射函數
void CTest6Dlg::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
CDialog::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);
if ( nType == SIZE_MAXIMIZED )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("最大化"));
}
else if ( nType == SIZE_MINIMIZED )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("最小化"));
}
else if ( nType == SIZE_RESTORED )
{
AfxMessageBox(_T("恢復"));
}
}
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12.代碼實現窗口最小化，最大化，關閉
PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MINIMIZE);
PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MAXIMIZE);
PostMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_CLOSE);
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13.按下ESC和ENTER鍵時禁止關閉對話框
方法一：
(1) 重載OnCancel和OnOk，屏蔽其中的CDialog::OnCancel()和CDialog::OnOk();
(2) 添加以下代碼
void CTest6Dlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX)
{
CAboutDlg dlgAbout; //if you have an about dialog
dlgAbout.DoModal();
}
else if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == SC_CLOSE)
{
//用戶點擊右上角"X"
EndDialog(IDOK);
}
else
{
CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);
}
}
方法二：
BOOL CTest6Dlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)
{
if ( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )
{
switch(pMsg->wParam)
{
case VK_ESCAPE:
return TRUE; //直接返回TRUE
break;
case VK_RETURN:
return TRUE;
break;
}
}
return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);
}
方法三：
Q122489：
How to Disable Default Pushbutton Handling for MFC Dialog
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/122489/en-us
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14.在對話框中處理鍵盤鼠標消息
處理PreTranslateMessage消息
以下代碼示例只演示了鍵盤WM_KEYDOWN消息，你也可以處理鼠標消息，比如WM_LBUTTONDOWN,WM_LBUTTONUP,WM_RBUTTONDOWN等。
BOOL CTest6Dlg::PreTranslateMessage(MSG* pMsg)
{
/**********************************************************/
/* 當焦點在combobox(drop down風格)的edit上,響應回車 */
/***********************************************************/
if ( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )
{
switch( pMsg->wParam )
{
case VK_RETURN:
CEdit *pEdit = (CEdit*)m_combo1.GetWindow(GW_CHILD);
if(pMsg->hwnd == pEdit->m_hWnd )
{
AfxMessageBox("在combobox的edit中按下了Enter!");
}
return TRUE;
}
}
/****************************************/
/* ALT為WM_SYSKEYDOWN */
/****************************************/
if( pMsg->message == WM_SYSKEYDOWN )
{
switch( pMsg->wParam )
{
case VK_F1:
if(::GetKeyState(VK_MENU) < 0)//ALT+F1
{
AfxMessageBox("按下了ALT+F1");
return TRUE;
}
}
}
/****************************************/
/* 在clistctrl中按ctrl+A選中所有項 */
/****************************************/
if( pMsg->message == WM_KEYDOWN )
{
if(pMsg->hwnd == GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST1)->m_hWnd)
{
switch( pMsg->wParam )
{
case 65://A
if(::GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) < 0)//Shift+enter
{
for(int i=0; i<m_list.GetItemCount(); i++)
{
m_list.SetItemState(i, LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED,
LVIS_SELECTED|LVIS_FOCUSED);
}
}
return TRUE;
}
}
}
/****************************************/
/* 當焦點在combobox,彈出自定義菜單 */
/****************************************/
if(pMsg->message == WM_RBUTTONDOWN)
{
CEdit *pEdit = (CEdit*)m_combo1.GetWindow(GW_CHILD);
if(pMsg->hwnd == pEdit->m_hWnd)
{
DWORD dwPos = GetMessagePos();
CPoint point( LOWORD(dwPos), HIWORD(dwPos) );
ScreenToClient(&point);
ClientToScreen(&point);
CMenu menu;
VERIFY( menu.LoadMenu( IDR_MENU1 ) );
CMenu* popup = menu.GetSubMenu(0);
ASSERT( popup != NULL );
popup->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RIGHTBUTTON, point.x, point.y, this );
}
}
return CDialog::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);
}
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15.對話框啟動即隱藏
添加 WM_SHOWWINDOW 的消息映射
void CTest6Dlg::OnShowWindow(BOOL bShow, UINT nStatus)
{
if ( GetStyle() & WS_VISIBLE )
{
CDialog::OnShowWindow(bShow, nStatus);
}
else
{
long Style = ::GetWindowLong(*this, GWL_STYLE);
::SetWindowLong(*this, GWL_STYLE, Style | WS_VISIBLE);
CDialog::OnShowWindow(SW_HIDE, nStatus);
}
}