???????Win?95及NT的注冊數據庫(Registry)是系統中非常重要的組成部分。在Win32?API中有一組Reg函數來處理這些問題。其一般的讀寫過程如下：
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????1、使用RegOpenKeyEx或RegCreateKeyEx函數打開或創建一個鍵；?
????2、如果上一步成功，使用RegQueryValueEx讀取子鍵的值，使用RegSetValueEx設置子鍵值，使用RegEnumKey獲得所有子鍵，使用RegDeleteKey刪除一個鍵；?
????3、完成操作后使用RegCloseKey關閉鍵。?
????下面這段程序打開HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Zeal?SoftStudio\AskPro?FTP\LastTime鍵，然后讀取WOL子鍵的值。?
????HKEY?hkey;?
????char?sz[256];?
????DWORD?dwtype,?sl?=?256;?
?????
????RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_CURRENT_USER,?
????"Software\\Zeal?SoftStudio\\AskPro?FTP\\LastTime",?
????NULL,?KEY_ALL_ACCESS,?&hkey);?
????RegQueryValueEx(hkey,?"WOL",?NULL,?&dwtype,?(LPBYTE)sz,?&sl);?
????RegCloseKey(hkey);?
????MFC程序可以使用CRegKey類讀寫注冊表。VB中調用API的辦法可以參考QA000226?"如何訪問Windows系統注冊表"。
????打開注冊鍵
????LONG?RegOpenKeyEx(?HKEY?hKey,??//?handle?to?open?key?
????LPCTSTR?lpSubKey,??????????????//?address?of?name?of?subkey?to?open?
????DWORD?ulOptions,???????????????//?reserved?=0
????REGSAM?samDesired,?????????????//?security?access?mask?
????PHKEY?phkResult????????????????//?address?of?handle?to?open?key?
????);
????例:
????HKEY?hd;
????hd=HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE;
????char*?Regkeyname="SoftWare\\Xy123\\Poker\\";
????LONG?a=RegOpenKeyEx(hd,Regkeyname,0,KEY_READ,&hd);???//成功返回ERROR_SUCCESS,否則返回錯誤代碼
?
????關閉注冊鍵
????LONG?RegCloseKey(?HKEY?hKey?//?handle?to?key?to?close?);
例:
?????RegCloseKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE);
OR:??RegCloseKey(hd);?
建立注冊鍵
LONG?RegCreateKeyEx(?HKEY?hKey,?//?handle?to?an?open?key?
??????LPCTSTR?lpSubKey,?//?address?of?subkey?name?
??????DWORD?Reserved,?//?reserved?=0
??????LPTSTR?lpClass,?//?address?of?class?string?
??????DWORD?dwOptions,?//?special?options?flag?
??????REGSAM?samDesired,?//?desired?security?access?
??????LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES?lpSecurityAttributes,?//?address?of?key?security?????????structure?
??????PHKEY?phkResult,?//?address?of?buffer?for?opened?handle?
??????LPDWORD?lpdwDisposition?//?address?of?disposition?value?buffer?);
例:
???char?*sclass="";??//類名指定為空
???DWORD?nbf=0;????//接受返回值,指明是建立新鍵還是打開已有的鍵.(經試驗總是返回REG_OPENED_EXISTING_KEY.
???LONG?II=RegCreateKeyEx(hd,Regkeyname,0,sclass,REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE,
????????????????KEY_READ|KEY_WRITE,NULL,&hd,&nbf);
//REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE?指明鍵永久保留.安全結構指明NULL,自動獲得一默認值
//成功返回ERROR_SUCCESS,否則返回錯誤代碼?
枚舉鍵值
LONG?RegEnumValue(?HKEY?hKey,?//?handle?to?key?to?query?
??????DWORD?dwIndex,?//?index?of?value?to?query?
??????LPTSTR?lpValueName,?//?address?of?buffer?for?value?string?
??????LPDWORD?lpcbValueName,?//?address?for?size?of?value?buffer?
??????LPDWORD?lpReserved,?//?reserved?=NULL
??????LPDWORD?lpType,?//?address?of?buffer?for?type?code?
??????LPBYTE?lpData,?//?address?of?buffer?for?value?data?
??????LPDWORD?lpcbData?//?address?for?size?of?data?buffer);
例:
???DWORD?dinx=0;
???char?valuename[70];??//分配數值名稱緩沖區
???strcpy(valuename,"DeskPattern");??//隨便指定哪個鍵值名
???DWORD?nsize=69;??//數值名稱緩沖區大小
???DWORD?k=REG_SZ;??//指明數據類型
???unsigned?char?vari[70];?//分配數值緩沖區
???DWORD?ncbvari=69;?//數值緩沖區大小
???dinx=0;?//從0開始
???while((II=RegEnumValue(hd,dinx,valuename,&nsize,NULL,&k,vari,&ncbvari))?
??????????!=?ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS)
???{
???????dinx++;//索引?+1,準備取下一個值
???????nsize=69;?//恢復原來大小
???????ncbvari=69;
???}
成功后返回值0,各變量返回后設置如下:
valuename=數值名稱,以0結尾;如?:?DeskColor
nsize=數值名稱長度,?9
k=REG_SZ??DeskColor?的類型為?REG_SZ
vari=鍵值,32768?DeskColor="32768",
ncbvari=鍵值長度?REG_SZ包括結尾0,=6,?
讀取鍵值
LONG?RegQueryValueEx(?HKEY?hKey,?//?handle?to?key?to?query?
???????LPTSTR?lpValueName,?//?address?of?name?of?value?to?query?
???????LPDWORD?lpReserved,?//?reserved?
???????LPDWORD?lpType,?//?address?of?buffer?for?value?type?
???????LPBYTE?lpData,?//?address?of?data?buffer?
???????LPDWORD?lpcbData?//?address?of?data?buffer?size?);
例:
???RegQueryValueEx(hd,valuename,NULL,&k,vari,&ncbvari);
變量定義及成功后各變量設置值同RegEnumValueEx?
寫鍵值
LONG?RegSetValueEx(?HKEY?hKey,?//?handle?to?key?to?set?value?for?
???????LPCTSTR?lpValueName,?//?name?of?the?value?to?set?
???????DWORD?Reserved,?//?reserved?
???????DWORD?dwType,?//?flag?for?value?type?
???????CONST?BYTE?*lpData,?//?address?of?value?data?
???????DWORD?cbData?//?size?of?value?data?);
例:
???strcpy(valuename,"Hello");
???unsigned?char?vari[10];
???DWORD?k=REG_SZ;
???strcpy((char*)vari,"1234567")
???RegSetValueEx(hd,valuename,0,k,vari,7);
成功后在Poker下增加一個鍵值?Hello?:?REG_SZ?:?1234567
寫整型變量：
int?hi=8;
RegSetValueEx(pj,valuename,0,REG_BINARY,(unsigned?char*)&hi,sizeof(int));
成功后在Poker下增加一個鍵值?Hello2?:?REG_BINARY?:08?00?00?00
void?AddEventSource()
{
????HKEY?hk;?
????DWORD?dwData;?
????UCHAR?szBuf[80];?
????//?Add?your?source?name?as?a?subkey?under?the?Application?
????//?key?in?the?EventLog?registry?key.?
????if?(RegCreateKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,?
????????????"SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\?
????????????\\EventLog\\Application\\SamplApp",?&hk))?
????????ErrorExit("Could?not?create?the?registry?key.");?
????//?Set?the?name?of?the?message?file.?
????strcpy(szBuf,?"%SystemRoot%\\System\\SamplApp.dll");?
????//?Add?the?name?to?the?EventMessageFile?subkey.?
????if?(RegSetValueEx(hk,?????????????//?subkey?handle?
????????????"EventMessageFile",???????//?value?name?
????????????0,????????????????????????//?must?be?zero?
????????????REG_EXPAND_SZ,????????????//?value?type?
????????????(LPBYTE)?szBuf,???????????//?pointer?to?value?data?
????????????strlen(szBuf)?+?1))???????//?length?of?value?data?
????????ErrorExit("Could?not?set?the?event?message?file.");?
????//?Set?the?supported?event?types?in?the?TypesSupported?subkey.?
????dwData?=?EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE?|?EVENTLOG_WARNING_TYPE?|?
????????EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE;?
????if?(RegSetValueEx(hk,??????//?subkey?handle?
????????????"TypesSupported",??//?value?name?
????????????0,?????????????????//?must?be?zero?
????????????REG_DWORD,?????????//?value?type?
????????????(LPBYTE)?&dwData,??//?pointer?to?value?data?
????????????sizeof(DWORD)))????//?length?of?value?data?
????????ErrorExit("Could?not?set?the?supported?types.");?
????RegCloseKey(hk);?
}?
以下代碼把注冊表自啟動shell的鍵值改寫為C:\DK1\ATM\HARP\ExAtmShell.exe:
?????????HKEY?hkey;
LONG?res;?
DWORD?datatype=REG_SZ;?
unsigned?char?szvalue[_MAX_PATH];
strcpy((char*)szvalue,"C:\\DK1\\ATM\\HARP\\ExAtmShell.exe");
res?=::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,?
"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows?NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\",?0,?
KEY_WRITE|KEY_READ,?&hkey);?
if(res!=ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
AfxMessageBox("aaa");
return;
}
res?=?::RegSetValueEx(hkey,?"Shell",?0,?datatype,?szvalue,?strlen(LPCSTR(szvalue)));?
RegCloseKey(hkey);
if(res==ERROR_SUCCESS)
::AfxMessageBox("你已經成功地將注冊表自啟動shell的鍵值設置為C:\\DK1\\ATM\\HARP\\ExAtmShell.exe");
else
::AfxMessageBox("設定失敗:目標位置不存在這樣的鍵!"); |