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?? 前面討論的開發網絡通信的經典入門采用的是WSAAsyncSelect的異步I/O模型，本文將討論WSAEventSelect異步I/O模型。
?????? WSAEventSelect模型有點類似WSAAsyncSelect模型，不同的是他不是用消息映射的方式來響應網絡事件，而是用等待多重事件的方式來響應網絡事件。下面是用WSAEventSelect模型和多線程機制做的一個簡單的服務器程序的.cpp和.h文件，應用程序基于MFC的標準對話框。實現接受多個客戶端的連接請求，并記錄下所有客戶端的相關信息，顯示在列表框中。
// serverDlg.cpp : implementation file
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "server.h"
#include "serverDlg.h"
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif
SOCKET Accept; file://用于新的一個連接通信的套接字
WSAEVENT NewEvent; file://對應于新的套接字的新事件
SOCKET Socket[WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS];? file://存放所有生成的套接字
WSAEVENT Event[WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS]; file://存放所有生成的事件對象
int EventTotal; file://創建的事件總數
int Index;????? file://等待多重事件函數的返回值
WSANETWORKEVENTS NetworkEvents; file://用于接收套接字上發生的網絡事件類型以及可能出現的錯
誤代碼
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CAboutDlg dialog used for App About
class CAboutDlg : public CDialog
{
public:
?CAboutDlg();
// Dialog Data
?file://{{AFX_DATA(CAboutDlg)
?enum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX };
?file://}}AFX_DATA
?// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
?file://{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CAboutDlg)
?protected:
?virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);??? // DDX/DDV support
?file://}}AFX_VIRTUAL
// Implementation
protected:
?file://{{AFX_MSG(CAboutDlg)
?file://}}AFX_MSG
?DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() : CDialog(CAboutDlg::IDD)
{
?file://{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CAboutDlg)
?file://}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}
void CAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
?CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
?file://{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CAboutDlg)
?file://}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialog)
?file://{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CAboutDlg)
??// No message handlers
?file://}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CServerDlg dialog
CServerDlg::CServerDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
?: CDialog(CServerDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
?file://{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CServerDlg)
??// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add member initialization here
?file://}}AFX_DATA_INIT
?// Note that LoadIcon does not require a subsequent DestroyIcon in Win32
?m_Connectnum = 0;
?m_NetworkID = 0;
?EventTotal = 0;
??? for(int i = 0; i < MAX_CLIENT_NUM; i++)
?{
??ZeroMemory(&m_ClientInfo[i], sizeof(client_info));
?}
?m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
}
void CServerDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
?CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
?file://{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CServerDlg)
??// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add DDX and DDV calls here
?file://}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CServerDlg, CDialog)
?file://{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CServerDlg)
?ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()
?ON_WM_PAINT()
?ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()
?ON_WM_TIMER()
?file://}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CServerDlg message handlers
BOOL CServerDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
?CDialog::OnInitDialog();
?// Add "About..." menu item to system menu.
?// IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
?ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
?ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);
?CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
?if (pSysMenu != NULL)
?{
??CString strAboutMenu;
??strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
??if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
??{
???pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
???pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
??}
?}
?// Set the icon for this dialog.? The framework does this automatically
?//? when the application's main window is not a dialog
?SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);???// Set big icon
?SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);??// Set small icon
?
?// TODO: Add extra initialization here
?WSADATA wsaData;
?int ret;
?ret = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);
?if(ret != 0)
?{
??MessageBox("初始化套接字失敗!");
??return FALSE;
?}
?file://創建一個套接字
?m_ListenSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
??????? if(m_ListenSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
?{
??MessageBox("創建套接字失敗!");
??closesocket(m_ListenSocket);
??WSACleanup();
??return FALSE;
?}
?file://綁定到指定的端口上
?sockaddr_in localaddr;
?localaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
?localaddr.sin_port = htons(1688);
?localaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
?if(bind(m_ListenSocket, (const struct sockaddr*)&localaddr, sizeof(sockaddr))
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? == SOCKET_ERROR)
?{
??MessageBox("綁定地址失敗!");
??closesocket(m_ListenSocket);
??WSACleanup();
??return FALSE;
?}
?
?NewEvent = WSACreateEvent(); file://創建一個新的事件對象
?file://將創建的事件對象與前面創建的套接字關聯在一起,并注冊網絡事件類型
??????? if(WSAEventSelect(m_ListenSocket, NewEvent, FD_ACCEPT | FD_CLOSE) == SOCKET_ERROR)
?{
??MessageBox("注冊網絡事件失敗!");
??closesocket(m_ListenSocket);
??WSACleanup();
??return FALSE;
?}
?file://讓創建的套接字處于監聽狀態
?listen(m_ListenSocket, 5);
?Event[EventTotal] = NewEvent;
?Socket[EventTotal] = m_ListenSocket;
?EventTotal++;
??????? file://設置List控件的圖象列表
?HICON hIcon;
?m_imagelist.Create(16, 16, 0, 4, 4); // 32, 32 for large icons
?hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_CLIENT_INFO);
?
?m_imagelist.SetBkColor (RGB(248,232,224));
?m_imagelist.Add(hIcon);
?pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_CLIENT_INFO);
?pList->SetImageList(&m_imagelist, LVSIL_SMALL);
?pList->SetBkColor(RGB(248,232,224));
?pList->SetTextBkColor(RGB(248,232,224));
?pList->InsertColumn(0,"?? 客戶名",LVCFMT_CENTER,90, 0);
?pList->InsertColumn(1,"網絡ID",LVCFMT_CENTER,50,1);
?pList->InsertColumn(2,"IP地址",LVCFMT_CENTER,100,2);
?pList->InsertColumn (3,"登錄時間",LVCFMT_CENTER,120,3);
?pList->InsertColumn (4,"在線時間",LVCFMT_CENTER,100,4);
?SetTimer(1, 1000, NULL);
?file://啟動核心處理線程
?AfxBeginThread(KernelWorkThread,this,THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
?return TRUE;? // return TRUE? unless you set the focus to a control
}
void CServerDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
?if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX)
?{
??CAboutDlg dlgAbout;
??dlgAbout.DoModal();
?}
?else
?{
??CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);
?}
}
// If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below
//? to draw the icon.? For MFC applications using the document/view model,
//? this is automatically done for you by the framework.
void CServerDlg::OnPaint()
{
?if (IsIconic())
?{
??CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting
??SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);
??// Center icon in client rectangle
??int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);
??int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);
??CRect rect;
??GetClientRect(&rect);
??int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;
??int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;
??// Draw the icon
??dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);
?}
?else
?{
??CDialog::OnPaint();
?}
}
// The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags
//? the minimized window.
HCURSOR CServerDlg::OnQueryDragIcon()
{
?return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;
}
file://核
心處理線程, 響應并處理各種網絡事件
UINT KernelWorkThread(LPVOID pParam)
{
?int len = sizeof(sockaddr);
?CServerDlg* dlg;
?dlg = (CServerDlg*)pParam;
?while(1)
?{
???????? Index = WSAWaitForMultipleEvents(EventTotal, Event, FALSE, WSA_INFINITE, FALSE);
??WSAEnumNetworkEvents(Socket[Index - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0],
???????????????????? Event[Index - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0],
???????????????????????????????????? &NetworkEvents);
?
??if(NetworkEvents.lNetworkEvents & FD_ACCEPT)
??file://連接事件
??{
???if(NetworkEvents.iErrorCode[FD_ACCEPT_BIT] != 0)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("接受連接事件失敗!");
????break;
???}
???Accept = accept(Socket[Index - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0],
???????????????????????????????? (struct sockaddr*)&(dlg->clientaddr), &len);
???if(Accept == INVALID_SOCKET)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("接受連接失敗!");
????break;
???}
???
???if(EventTotal > WSA_MAXIMUM_WAIT_EVENTS)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("連接個數溢出,拒絕接受!");
????break;
???}
???NewEvent = WSACreateEvent();
???if(WSAEventSelect(Accept, NewEvent, FD_READ | FD_WRITE | FD_CLOSE)
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? == SOCKET_ERROR)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("注冊網絡事件失敗!");
????closesocket(Accept);
????break;
???}
???Event[EventTotal] = NewEvent;
???Socket[EventTotal] = Accept;
???EventTotal ++;
??}
??if(NetworkEvents.lNetworkEvents & FD_READ)
??file://讀取數據事件
??{
???if(NetworkEvents.iErrorCode[FD_READ_BIT] != 0)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("讀事件失敗!");
????break;
???}
???if(dlg->OnReceive(Socket[Index - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0]) == FALSE)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("讀取數據失敗!");
????break;
???}
??}
??if(NetworkEvents.lNetworkEvents & FD_CLOSE)
??file://關閉套接字事件
??{
???if(NetworkEvents.iErrorCode[FD_CLOSE_BIT] != 0)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("關閉事件失敗!");
????break;
???}
???if(dlg->OnClose(Socket[Index - WSA_WAIT_EVENT_0]) == FALSE)
???{
????dlg->MessageBox("關閉套接字失敗!");
????break;
???}
??}
?}
?return 0;
}
BOOL CServerDlg::OnClose(SOCKET pSocket)
{
?int i, exitnum;
?
?for(i = 0; i < m_Connectnum; i++)
?{
??if(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Socket == pSocket)
??{
???exitnum = i;
??}
?}
?for(i = exitnum; i < m_Connectnum; i++)
?{
??memcpy(&m_ClientInfo[i], &m_ClientInfo[i+1], sizeof(client_info));
?}
?m_Connectnum --;
?file://向所有客戶端發送在線客戶信息的報文
?cmd_client_info ClientInfo;
?ClientInfo.cmd_type = CMD_CLIENT_INFO;
?ClientInfo.client_num = m_Connectnum;
?
?for(i=0; i<=m_Connectnum; i++)
?{
??ClientInfo.Networks_ID[i] = m_ClientInfo[i].Network_ID;
??strcpy(ClientInfo.users_name[i], m_ClientInfo[i].User_Name);
??strcpy(ClientInfo.clients_ipaddr[i], inet_ntoa(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Addr.sin_addr));
?}
?for(i=0; i<=m_Connectnum; i++)
?{
??send(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Socket, (char*)&ClientInfo, sizeof(cmd_client_info), NULL);
?}
?closesocket(pSocket);
??????? pList->DeleteItem(exitnum);
?
?return TRUE;
}
BOOL CServerDlg::OnReceive(SOCKET pSocket)
{
??? static char rcvbuf[65535];?? file://接收緩沖區
??? int ret;
?int offset=0;
?find_type* pFindType;
?int i = 0;
?CTime m_current_time=CTime::GetCurrentTime ();
?CString strTime = m_current_time.Format("%c");
?CString networkid; file://列表框的網絡ID項
??? ret = recv(pSocket, rcvbuf, 65535, 0);
?if(ret == OPERATION_ERROR)
??return FALSE;
?while(offset < ret)
?{
??pFindType = (find_type*)(rcvbuf+offset);
??switch(pFindType->cmd_type)
??{
??case CMD_HELLO:?
???cmd_hello Hello;
???memcpy(&Hello, rcvbuf+offset, sizeof(cmd_hello));
???offset+=sizeof(cmd_hello);
???cmd_hello_resp HelloResp;
???m_NetworkID ++;
???HelloResp.cmd_type = CMD_HELLO_RESP;
???HelloResp.Network_ID = m_NetworkID;
???strcpy(HelloResp.user_name, Hello.user_name);
???memcpy((struct sockaddr*)&(m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].Client_Addr),
????(const struct sockaddr*)&clientaddr, sizeof(sockaddr));
???m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].Client_Socket = Accept;
???strcpy(m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].User_Name, HelloResp.user_name);
???m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].Network_ID = m_NetworkID;
???m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].Login_Time = m_current_time;
???send(pSocket, (char*)&HelloResp, sizeof(cmd_hello_resp), NULL);
???file://向登錄的客戶端發送回應報文
???Sleep(200);
???cmd_client_info ClientInfo;
???ClientInfo.cmd_type = CMD_CLIENT_INFO;
???ClientInfo.client_num = m_Connectnum +1;
???for(i=0; i<=m_Connectnum; i++)
???{
????ClientInfo.Networks_ID[i] = m_ClientInfo[i].Network_ID;
????strcpy(ClientInfo.users_name[i], m_ClientInfo[i].User_Name);
??????????????????????????????? strcpy(ClientInfo.clients_ipaddr[i],
?????????????????????????????????????? inet_ntoa(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Addr.sin_addr));
???}
???file://向所有在線客戶端發送在線客戶信息報文
???for(i=0; i<=m_Connectnum; i++)
???{
????send(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Socket, (char*)&ClientInfo,
???????????????????????????????????? sizeof(cmd_client_info), NULL);
???}
???file://刷新客戶端信息列表
???networkid.Format("%d", m_NetworkID);
???LVITEM lvinsert;
???lvinsert.mask=LVIF_TEXT|LVIF_IMAGE|LVIF_PARAM;
???lvinsert.iItem=m_Connectnum;
???lvinsert.iSubItem=0;
???lvinsert.cchTextMax=20;
???lvinsert.pszText=HelloResp.user_name;
???lvinsert.iImage = 0;
???pList->InsertItem (&lvinsert);
???pList->SetItemText (m_Connectnum,1,networkid);
???pList->SetItemText(m_Connectnum,2,
?????????????????????????????? inet_ntoa(m_ClientInfo[m_Connectnum].Client_Addr.sin_addr));
???pList->SetItemText (m_Connectnum,3,strTime);
???m_Connectnum ++;
???break;
??case CMD_ASK:
???cmd_ask Ask;
???cmd_ask_resp AskResp;
???memcpy(&Ask,rcvbuf+offset,sizeof(cmd_ask));
???offset+=sizeof(cmd_ask);
???AskResp.cmd_type = CMD_ASK_RESP;
???AskResp.Network_ID = Ask.Network_ID;
???for(i=0; i<m_Connectnum; i++)
???{
????if(m_ClientInfo[i].Network_ID == Ask.Network_ID)
????{
?????strcpy(AskResp.pData1,m_ClientInfo[i].User_Name);
?????strcat(AskResp.pData1, ":");
????}
???}
???strcpy(AskResp.pData2, Ask.pData);
???for(i=0; i<m_Connectnum; i++)
???{
????send(m_ClientInfo[i].Client_Socket, (char*)&AskResp, sizeof(AskResp), 0);
???}
???break;
??case CMD_GOODBYE:
???closesocket(pSocket);
???break;
??default:
???break;
??}
?}
?return TRUE;
}
BOOL CServerDlg::OnSend(SOCKET pSocket)
{
?return TRUE;
}
void CServerDlg::OnOK()
{
?closesocket(m_ListenSocket);
?WSACleanup();
?CDialog::OnOK();
}
void CServerDlg::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)
{
?CTime m_current_time = CTime::GetCurrentTime();
?CTimeSpan logintimes;
?CString login_times;
?CString networkid; file://列表框的網絡ID項
?
?for(int i=0; i<m_Connectnum; i++)
?{
??logintimes = m_current_time - m_ClientInfo[i].Login_Time;
??login_times.Format("%d小時%d分%d秒", logintimes.GetHours(),
??????????????????????????????????? logintimes.GetMinutes(),
??????????? logintimes.GetSeconds());
?
??pList->SetItemText (i,4,login_times);
?}
?CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
// serverDlg.h : header file
//
#if !defined(AFX_SERVERDLG_H__B0AA0367_C1F4_11D4_AB1C_0080C8D6FEA5__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_SERVERDLG_H__B0AA0367_C1F4_11D4_AB1C_0080C8D6FEA5__INCLUDED_
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
#include "global.h"
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CServerDlg dialog
class CServerDlg : public CDialog
{
file://全局函數
??? friend UINT KernelWorkThread(LPVOID pParam);
// Construction
public:
?CListCtrl* pList; file://客戶端在線信息列表框對象
?CImageList m_imagelist;
?SOCKET m_ListenSocket; file://用于監聽端口的套接字
?client_info m_ClientInfo[MAX_CLIENT_NUM]; file://保存在線客戶端信息的結構體數組
?sockaddr_in clientaddr; file://保存發起連接的客戶端地址
?int m_Connectnum; file://在線客戶端個數
?int m_NetworkID;? file://返回給客戶端的網絡ID號
?BOOL OnSend(SOCKET pSocket);??? file://發送數據網絡事件的響應函數
?BOOL OnReceive(SOCKET pSocket); file://接收數據網絡事件的響應函數?
?BOOL OnClose(SOCKET pSocket);?? file://關閉套接字網絡事件的響應函數
?CServerDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);?// standard constructor
// Dialog Data
?file://{{AFX_DATA(CServerDlg)
?enum { IDD = IDD_SERVER_DIALOG };
??// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add data members here
?file://}}AFX_DATA
?// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
?file://{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CServerDlg)
?protected:
?virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);?// DDX/DDV support
?file://}}AFX_VIRTUAL
// Implementation
protected:
?HICON m_hIcon;
?// Generated message map functions
?file://{{AFX_MSG(CServerDlg)
?virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
?afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);
?afx_msg void OnPaint();
?afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();
?virtual void OnOK();
?afx_msg void OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent);
?file://}}AFX_MSG
?DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
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