UDT是建立在UDP協議基礎之上的應用層協議，其最終是通過UDP協議來接發數據。

在UDT的實現中，是通過類CChannel來處理的，顧名思義，可以理解為通過UDP管道來接發數據。

       來看看CChannel提供的主要方法：

void setSndBufSize(const int& size);

void setRcvBufSize(const int& size);

void open(const sockaddr* addr = NULL);

int sendto(const sockaddr* addr, CPacket& packet) const;

int recvfrom(sockaddr* addr, CPacket& packet) const;

注：CPacket即UDP包結構（數據包與控制包）

 

#ifndef WIN32

  int m_iSocket;                    // socket descriptor

#else

  SOCKET m_iSocket;

#endif

int m_iSndBufSize;                   // UDP sending buffer size

int m_iRcvBufSize;                   // UDP receiving buffer size

 

setSndBufSize與setRcvBufSize分別設置發送和接收緩沖區大小，即對m_iSndBufSize和m_iRcvBufSize賦值，主要看看open函數：

void CChannel::open(const sockaddr* addr)

{

   // construct an socket

   m_iSocket = socket(m_iIPversion, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);

   if (NULL != addr)

   {

      socklen_t namelen = (AF_INET == m_iIPversion) ? sizeof(sockaddr_in) :sizeof(sockaddr_in6);

      if (0 != bind(m_iSocket, addr, namelen))

         //error

   }

   else

   {

      //sendto or WSASendTo will also automatically bind the socket

      addrinfo hints;

      addrinfo* res;

      memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));

      hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;

      hints.ai_family = m_iIPversion;

      hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;

      if (0 != getaddrinfo(NULL, "0", &hints, &res))

        //error

      if (0 != bind(m_iSocket, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen))

        //error

      freeaddrinfo(res);

   }

   setUDPSockOpt();    //調用TCP/IP協議棧提供的方法設置UDP選項（緩沖區大小）

}

void CChannel::setUDPSockOpt()

{

   if ((0 != setsockopt(m_iSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&m_iRcvBufSize, sizeof(int))) ||(0 != setsockopt(m_iSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&m_iSndBufSize,sizeof(int))))

      //error

 

   #ifdef WIN32

      DWORD ot = 1; //milliseconds

      if (setsockopt(m_iSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char *)&ot, sizeof(DWORD)) < 0)

         throw CUDTException(1, 3, NET_ERROR);

   #else

      // Set receiving time-out value

      if (setsockopt(m_iSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (char *)&tv, sizeof(timeval)) < 0)

         throw CUDTException(1, 3, NET_ERROR);

   #endif

}

 

下面看看sendto函數，該函數是把CPacket內容通過udp發送出去，分linux系與win32兩種情況。

int CChannel::sendto(const sockaddr* addr, CPacket& packet) const

{

   // 主機序到網絡序

   if (packet.getFlag())//如果是控制包

      for (int i = 0, n = packet.getLength() / 4; i < n; ++ i)

         *((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + i) = htonl(*((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + i));

 

   // convert packet header into network order(包頭序也需要轉換)

   for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++ j)

      packet.m_nHeader[j] = htonl(packet.m_nHeader[j]);

 

   #ifndef WIN32

      msghdr mh;

      mh.msg_name = (sockaddr*)addr;

      mh.msg_namelen = (AF_INET == m_iIPversion) ? sizeof(sockaddr_in) : sizeof(sockaddr_in6);

      mh.msg_iov = (iovec*)packet.m_PacketVector;

      mh.msg_iovlen = 2;

      mh.msg_control = NULL;

      mh.msg_controllen = 0;

      mh.msg_flags = 0;

 

      int res = sendmsg(m_iSocket, &mh, 0);    //調用協議棧函數發送出去

   #else

      DWORD size = CPacket::m_iPktHdrSize + packet.getLength();

      int addrsize = (AF_INET == m_iIPversion) ? sizeof(sockaddr_in) : sizeof(sockaddr_in6);

      int res = WSASendTo(m_iSocket, (LPWSABUF)packet.m_PacketVector, 2, &size, 0, addr, addrsize, NULL, NULL);

      res = (0 == res) ? size : -1;

   #endif

 

   // 恢復序

   for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++ k)

      packet.m_nHeader[k] = ntohl(packet.m_nHeader[k]);

 

   if (packet.getFlag())

      for (int l = 0, n = packet.getLength() / 4; l < n; ++ l)

         *((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + l) = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + l));

 

   return res;

}

 

recvfrom的原理也類似與sendto

int CChannel::recvfrom(sockaddr* addr, CPacket& packet) const

{

   #ifndef WIN32

      msghdr mh;  

      mh.msg_name = addr;

      mh.msg_namelen = (AF_INET == m_iIPversion) ? sizeof(sockaddr_in) : sizeof(sockaddr_in6);

      mh.msg_iov = packet.m_PacketVector;

      mh.msg_iovlen = 2;

      mh.msg_control = NULL;

      mh.msg_controllen = 0;

      mh.msg_flags = 0;

 

      #ifdef UNIX

         fd_set set;

         timeval tv;

         FD_ZERO(&set);

         FD_SET(m_iSocket, &set);

         tv.tv_sec = 0;

         tv.tv_usec = 10000;

         select(m_iSocket+1, &set, NULL, &set, &tv);

      #endif

 

      int res = recvmsg(m_iSocket, &mh, 0);

   #else

      DWORD size = CPacket::m_iPktHdrSize + packet.getLength();

      DWORD flag = 0;

      int addrsize = (AF_INET == m_iIPversion) ? sizeof(sockaddr_in) : sizeof(sockaddr_in6);

 

      int res = WSARecvFrom(m_iSocket, (LPWSABUF)packet.m_PacketVector, 2, &size, &flag, addr, &addrsize, NULL, NULL);

      res = (0 == res) ? size : -1;

   #endif

 

   if (res <= 0)

   {

      packet.setLength(-1);

      return -1;

   }

 

   packet.setLength(res - CPacket::m_iPktHdrSize);

 

   // convert back into local host order

   for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++ i)

      packet.m_nHeader[i] = ntohl(packet.m_nHeader[i]);

 

   if (packet.getFlag())

      for (int j = 0, n = packet.getLength() / 4; j < n; ++ j)

         *((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + j) = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)packet.m_pcData + j));

 

   return packet.getLength();

}