Blending and Transparency
Blending in OpenGL provides pixel-level control of RGBA color storage in the color buffer. To enable blending we must first call glEnable(GL_BLEND). We have to set up the blending function glBlendFunc with two arguments: the source and the destination colors. By default these are GL_ONE and GL_ZERO respectively, which is equivalent to glDisable(GL_BLEND). The blend functions are applied to the source color set by glColor and destination color in the color buffer. The results of the blending functions are added together to generate the new color value which is put onscreen.
Transparency is perhaps the most typical use of blending. In order to produce transparency we should set up the blending function as follows - glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA). This combination takes the source color, scales it based on the alpha component and then adds the destination pixel color scaled by 1 minus the alpha value. It basically takes a fraction of the current drawing color and overlays it on the pixel on the screen. The alpha component can be from 0 (completely transparent) to 1 (completely opaque).
Anti-Aliasing
You might have noticed in some of your OpenGL pictures that lines, especially nearly horizontal or nearly vertical ones, appear jagged. These jaggies appear because the ideal line is approximated by a series of pixels that must lie on the pixel grid. The jaggedness is called aliasing. Antialiasing can be enabled by calling the function - glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH) for polygons.
Fog
An entire image can be made to appear more natural by adding fog, which makes objects fade into the distance. Fog is a general term that describes similar forms of atmospheric effects; it can be used to simulate haze, mist, smoke, or pollution. Fog is essential in visual-simulation applications, where limited visibility needs to be approximated.
When fog is enabled, objects that are farther from the viewpoint begin to fade into the fog color. You can control the density of the fog, which determines the rate at which objects fade as the distance increases, as well as the fog's color. Since fog is applied after matrix transformations, lighting, and texturing are performed, it affects transformed, lit, and textured objects.
Using fog is easy. Enable it by passing GL_FOG to glEnable(), and you choose the color and the equation that controls the density with glFog*().
1,在CCY457OpenGLView類中加入下列布爾變量，分別代表是否開啟混合，霧和反鋸齒效果。
Code
//Effects
BOOL m_blend;
BOOL m_fog;
BOOL m_antialias;
并在構造函數(shù)中對其初始化：
CCY457OpenGLView::CCY457OpenGLView()
{
m_xRot = 0.0f;
m_yRot = 0.0f;
m_texWrap = GL_CLAMP;
m_texMode = GL_DECAL;
m_texFilter = GL_NEAREST;
m_blend = FALSE;
m_fog = FALSE;
m_antialias = FALSE;
}
2，加入控制上述三種效果的菜單項及其事件處理函數(shù)
void COpenGLView::OnEffectsBlending()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_blend = !m_blend;
if(m_blend)
glEnable(GL_BLEND);
else
glDisable(GL_BLEND);
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
}
void COpenGLView::OnUpdateEffectsBlending(CCmdUI* pCmdUI)
{
// TODO: Add your command update UI handler code here
pCmdUI->SetCheck(m_blend);
}
void COpenGLView::OnEffectsAntialiasing()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_antialias = !m_antialias;
if(m_antialias)
glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
else
glDisable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
}
void COpenGLView::OnUpdateEffectsAntialiasing(CCmdUI* pCmdUI)
{
// TODO: Add your command update UI handler code here
pCmdUI->SetCheck(m_antialias);
}
void COpenGLView::OnEffectsFog()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
m_fog = !m_fog;
if(m_fog)
glEnable(GL_FOG);
else
glDisable(GL_FOG);
InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);
}
void COpenGLView::OnUpdateEffectsFog(CCmdUI* pCmdUI)
{
// TODO: Add your command update UI handler code here
pCmdUI->SetCheck(m_fog);
}
3，在InitializeOpenGL函數(shù)中對霧效果進行設置。
BOOL CCY457OpenGLView::InitializeOpenGL()
{
//Get a DC for the Client Area
m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);
//Failure to Get DC
if(m_pDC == NULL)
{
MessageBox("Error Obtaining DC");
return FALSE;
}
//Failure to set the pixel format
if(!SetupPixelFormat())
{
return FALSE;
}
//Create Rendering Context
m_hRC = ::wglCreateContext (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc ());
//Failure to Create Rendering Context
if(m_hRC == 0)
{
MessageBox("Error Creating RC");
return FALSE;
}
//Make the RC Current
if(::wglMakeCurrent (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc (), m_hRC)==FALSE)
{
MessageBox("Error making RC Current");
return FALSE;
}
//Specify Black as the clear color
::glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
//Specify the back of the buffer as clear depth
::glClearDepth(1.0f);
//Enable Depth Testing
::glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
::glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
//設置霧
::glFogi(GL_FOG_MODE, GL_EXP);
GLfloat fog_color[4] = {0.2f,0.2f,0.2f,0.0f};
::glFogfv(GL_FOG_COLOR, fog_color);
::glFogf(GL_FOG_DENSITY, 0.25);
//加載紋理
LoadGLTextures();
//設置燈光
SetupLighting();
::glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
return TRUE;
}
原文鏈接：
http://www.cnblogs.com/phinecos/archive/2008/11/06/1327948.html