一 混合類
所謂混合類是指CLI/C++中native的Class中可以包含CLR對象,CLR的class也可以包含Naitve的對象。
1)native的class中包含CLR對象,必須通過gcroot<>或auto_gcroot<>。
2)CLR中的class中包含native的對象,必須是指針,也可以使用高手寫的CAutoNativePtr智能指針。
注意:C#中不能調(diào)用CLI/C++中的Native的class。同樣Native C++中也不能調(diào)用CLI/C++中的Ref的class。
二 實例
高手的CAutoNativePtr類:
/***
CAutoNativePtr - A smart pointer for using native objects in managed code.
Author : Nishant Sivakumar
Email : voidnish@gmail.com
Blog : http://blog.voidnish.com
Web : http://www.voidnish.com 
You may freely use this class as long as you include
this copyright.
You may freely modify and use this class as long
as you include this copyright in your modified version. 
This code is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
Copyright ?Nishant Sivakumar, 2006.
All Rights Reserved.
***/
#pragma once
template<typename T> ref class CAutoNativePtr
{
private:
T* _ptr;
public:
CAutoNativePtr() : _ptr(nullptr)
{
}
CAutoNativePtr(T* t) : _ptr(t)
{
}
CAutoNativePtr(CAutoNativePtr<T>% an) : _ptr(an.Detach())
{
}
template<typename TDERIVED>
CAutoNativePtr(CAutoNativePtr<TDERIVED>% an) : _ptr(an.Detach())
{
}
!CAutoNativePtr()
{
delete _ptr;
}
~CAutoNativePtr()
{
this->!CAutoNativePtr();
}
CAutoNativePtr<T>% operator=(T* t)
{
Attach(t);
return *this;
}
CAutoNativePtr<T>% operator=(CAutoNativePtr<T>% an)
{
if(this != %an)
Attach(an.Detach());
return *this;
}
template<typename TDERIVED>
CAutoNativePtr<T>% operator=(CAutoNativePtr<TDERIVED>% an)
{
Attach(an.Detach());
return *this;
}
static T* operator->(CAutoNativePtr<T>% an)
{
return an._ptr;
}
static operator T*(CAutoNativePtr<T>% an)
{
return an._ptr;
}
T* Detach()
{
T* t = _ptr;
_ptr = nullptr;
return t;
}
void Attach(T* t)
{
if(t)
{
if(_ptr != t)
{
delete _ptr;
_ptr = t;
}
}
else
{
#ifdef _DEBUG
throw gcnew Exception(
"Attempting to Attach(
) a nullptr!");
#endif
}
}
void Destroy()
{
delete _ptr;
_ptr = nullptr;
}
};
測試實例之CLI/C++文件:
// MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.h
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <gcroot.h>
#include <msclr/auto_gcroot.h>
#include "AutoNative.h"
using namespace System;
namespace MixedNativeAndCLIDLL {
public class NativeClass
{
public:
int *pX;
NativeClass(){pX = new int(10);}
~NativeClass()
{
if(pX != NULL)
{
delete pX;
pX = NULL;
}
}
};
public ref class RefClass
{
public:
int x;
RefClass(){x = 20;}
};
public class MixedClass0
{
public:
NativeClass nativeClass;
//RefClass refClass; // error c3265 and error c3149
gcroot<RefClass^> refClass1;
std::string nativeStr;
//System::String refStr; // error c3265 and error c3149
gcroot<System::String^> refStr1;
MixedClass0()
{
refClass1 = gcnew RefClass();
refStr1 = gcnew System::String("i am a native class mixed some clr members.\n");
}
~MixedClass0()
{
delete refClass1;
delete refStr1;
}
void PrintSelf()
{
System::Console::WriteLine("my name is MixedClass0");
System::Console::WriteLine(refClass1->x);
System::Console::WriteLine(refStr1);
}
};
public class MixedClass1
{
public:
NativeClass nativeClass;
//RefClass refClass; // error c3265 and error c3149
msclr::auto_gcroot<RefClass^> refClass1;
std::string nativeStr;
//System::String refStr; // error c3265 and error c3149
msclr::auto_gcroot<System::String^> refStr1;
MixedClass1()
{
refClass1 = gcnew RefClass();
refStr1 = gcnew System::String("i am a native class with some clr members.\n");
}
~MixedClass1()
{
// no need to delete.
} 
void PrintSelf()
{
System::Console::WriteLine("my name is MixedClass1");
System::Console::WriteLine(refClass1->x);
System::Console::WriteLine(refStr1);
}
};
public ref class MixedClass2
{
public:
//NativeClass nativeClass; // error c4368
NativeClass * nativeClass1;
RefClass^ refClass;
//std::string nativeStr; // error c4368
std::string *nativeStr1;
System::String^ refStr; // 
MixedClass2()
{
nativeClass1 = new NativeClass();
nativeStr1 = new std::string("i am a clr class with some native members.\n");
}
~MixedClass2()
{
delete nativeClass1;
delete nativeStr1;
}
!MixedClass2(){}
void PrintSelf()
{
System::Console::WriteLine("my name is MixedClass2");
std::cout<<*(nativeClass1->pX)<<std::endl;
std::cout<<*nativeStr1<<std::endl;
}
};
public ref class MixedClass3
{
public:
//NativeClass nativeClass; // error c4368
CAutoNativePtr<NativeClass> nativeClass1;
RefClass^ refClass;
//std::string nativeStr; // error c4368
CAutoNativePtr<std::string> nativeStr1;
System::String^ refStr; // 
MixedClass3()
{
nativeClass1 = new NativeClass();
nativeStr1 = new std::string("i am a clr class with some native members.\n");
}
~MixedClass3(){}
!MixedClass3(){}
void PrintSelf()
{
System::Console::WriteLine("my name is MixedClass3");
std::cout<<*(nativeClass1->pX)<<std::endl;
std::cout<<*nativeStr1<<std::endl;
}
};
}
測試實例之C#調(diào)用文件:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace CsharpTest
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass0 mixedClass0 = new MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass0();
//mixedClass0.PrintSelf();
MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass1 mixedClass1 = new MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass1();
//mixedClass1.PrintSelf();
MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass2 mixedClass2 = new MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass2();
mixedClass2.PrintSelf();
MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass3 mixedClass3 = new MixedNativeAndCLIDLL.MixedClass3();
mixedClass3.PrintSelf();
}
}
}
三 代碼下載
http://m.shnenglu.com/Files/mzty/MixedNativeAndCLITest.rar


