锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
涓錛夊垪鍑烘枃浠訛細(xì)ls 錛屽鏋滆鍒楀嚭鏈洰褰曚笅鐨勬枃浠跺睘鎬у憿錛屼緥濡傛兂鐭ラ亾浠栦滑鐨勬枃浠舵潈闄愩佸ぇ灝忋佹棩鏈燂紝閭d箞灝辯敤 ls -l 錛屼篃鍙敤鍏跺懡浠ゅ埆鍚?ll 銆?br /> 鎴戜滑閮界煡閬揕inux涓兘鏈変竴浜涢殣钘忕殑鏂囦歡錛岄偅涔堝浣曟樉紺哄嚭瀹冧滑鍛紵鐢?ls -a 鍗沖彲鏄劇ず鍑烘墍鏈夋枃浠訛紝鍖呮嫭闅愯棌鏂囦歡銆傝鍒楀嚭榪欎簺鏂囦歡鐨勫睘鎬э紝鐢?ls -al
鍒楀嚭鐩綍鐢細(xì)ls -d
濡傛灉鎴戜滑鎯蟲(chóng)壘鍑轟竴涓壒瀹氱殑鏂囦歡濡俧ile 鐨勪俊鎭紝閭d箞鍙互鐢╨s -l file 錛屽張濡傝瀵繪壘涓涓墠緙涓簍est鐨勬枃浠剁殑淇℃伅錛屽彲浠ヨ繖鏍鳳細(xì)ls -l test*錛?涓洪氶厤絎︺?br /> 濡傛灉鎴戜滑鎯蟲(chóng)壘鍑烘枃浠跺悕涓甫鏈夋暟瀛楁垨瀛楁瘝鐨勭浉鍏蟲(chóng)枃浠訛紝鍙互榪欐牱 : ls -f [0-9]* / ls -f [a-z]*
浜岋級(jí)鎵撳紑鏂囦歡鎴栫洰褰曪細(xì)濡傛兂鎵撳紑鍚嶄負(fù) file.txt鏂囦歡錛岀敤cat file.txt鍗沖彲鏄劇ず鍑哄唴瀹廣傚鎯蟲(chóng)妸鏂囦歡鍐呭鐨勮鍙鋒樉紺哄嚭鏉ワ紝鐢?cat -n file.txt 鍗沖彲 錛涙墦寮鐩綍tmp 鍒欑敤 cd tmp
涓夛級(jí)澶嶅埗鏂囦歡錛?濡傛兂鎶婃枃浠秄ile.txt 澶嶅埗鍒扮洰褰?/test 涓嬶紝鍗沖彲鐢細(xì)cp file.txt /test 錛涘鎯蟲(chóng)妸鐩綍 /etc/ 鐨勬墍鏈夊唴瀹瑰鍒跺埌 /tmp錛岀敤錛歝p /etc/ /tmp
鍥涳級(jí)鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡鎴栫洰褰曪細(xì)濡傛兂鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡file.txt 鍒欏彲錛?rm file.txt 銆傚鎯蟲(chóng)妸鐩綍tmp錛堝寘鎷湁鍐呭鐨勭洰褰曪級(jí)閮藉垹闄ゆ帀錛岀敤 rm -rf tmp 錛岃?rmdir tmp 鍒犻櫎鐨勬槸涓涓┖鐩綍銆?br />
浜旓級(jí)縐誨姩鏂囦歡鎴栭噸鍛藉悕錛氬鎶婃枃浠秄ile.txt縐誨姩鍒扮洰褰晅mp涓細(xì) mv file.txt tmp 銆傛妸鏂囦歡file.txt閲嶅懡鍚嶄負(fù) test.txt錛屽垯鍙細(xì) mv file.txt test.txt
鍏級(jí)緲婚〉鏌ョ湅鍛戒護(hù)錛?. 濡傛兂鏌ョ湅/etc/涓殑鏂囦歡man.config錛屽彲 more /etc/man.config 錛屾暡絀烘牸閿〃紺哄悜涓嬬炕涓欏碉紱Enter琛ㄧず鍚戜笅緲?#8220;涓琛?#8221;錛?瀛楃涓插彲浠ュ悜涓嬫悳绱㈠瓧絎︿覆錛氬鎼滅儲(chǔ)word錛屽彲浠?/word 錛涚寮more 鍙互鐢?q 錛?. 涔熷彲鐢?less 榪涜緲婚〉鎿嶄綔錛歭ess /etc/man.config 錛屼嬌鐢╨ess鍙互鍚戝墠鎴栧悜鍚庣炕欏碉紝鑰宮ore鍙兘鍚戝悗緲婚〉錛涳紵瀛楃涓茶〃紺哄悜鍓嶆悳绱㈢殑鍔熻兘錛屽叾浠栨搷浣滃拰more 澶т綋鐩稿悓銆?br />
涓冿級(jí)鍒涘緩鏂版枃浠舵垨鐩綍 : 濡傚垱寤烘柊鏂囦歡 test.txt 鍙互錛?touch test.txt 錛涘垱寤虹洰褰昦bc,鐢ㄥ懡浠わ細(xì)mkdir abc . 濡傛灉鎴戜滑瑕佸垱寤轟竴涓悕涓簀unk.data ,澶у皬涓?M,鍐呭涓虹┖鐨勬枃浠訛紝璇ユ庝箞鍔炲憿錛熷彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄥ懡浠わ細(xì) dd if=/dev/zero of=junk.data bs=1M count=1 鍗沖彲錛屽叾涓璬d鏄敤鏉ュ垱寤虹壒瀹氬ぇ灝忔枃浠剁殑鍛戒護(hù)錛宒d鍛戒護(hù)浼?xì)鍏嬮殕缁欏畾鐨勮緭鍏ュ唴瀹瑰Q岀劧鍚庡皢涓妯′竴鏍風(fēng)殑涓浠藉壇鏈啓鍏ュ埌杈撳嚭錛宻tdin銆佽澶囨枃浠躲佹櫘閫氭枃浠墮兘鍙互浣滀負(fù)杈撳叆. if 浠h〃杈撳叆鏂囦歡錛?of 浠h〃杈撳嚭鏂囦歡錛?bs浠h〃浠ュ瓧鑺備負(fù)鍗曚綅鐨勫潡澶у皬錛宑ount浠h〃瑕佽澶嶅埗鐨勫潡鏁般?br />
鍏級(jí)鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡鐨勬潈闄愶細(xì) 1. 浣跨敤絎﹀彿鏂規(guī)硶鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡鏉冮檺錛氬湪姝や箣鍓嶄簡(jiǎn)瑙d笅who /action 鐨勭煡璇嗭紝u琛ㄧず灞炰富銆乬琛ㄧず緇勩乷琛ㄧず鍏朵粬銆乤琛ㄧず鎵鏈夛紱+琛ㄧず澧炲姞鏂囦歡鏉冮檺銆?琛ㄧず鍑忓皯鏂囦歡鏉冮檺銆?鏄庣‘鍦拌緗枃浠舵潈闄愩傚ソ浜?jiǎn)锛屽鏋滅幇鍦ㄦ垜浠兿x(chóng)妸涓涓洰褰曚笅鐨勬墍鏈夋枃浠墮兘鏀瑰彉?shù)负瀵规墍鏈変漢鍧囧彲璁塊棶錛屽垯鍙敤鍛戒護(hù)錛歝hmod a=r * 錛堟垨chmod guo=r *)錛屾敞鎰忕┖鏍箋?br />濡傛灉鎯抽樆姝㈤櫎浜?jiǎn)鏂囦欢灞炰钢M箣澶栫殑浠諱綍浜哄啓鏂囦歡 test.txt 錛屽彲鐢ㄥ懡浠わ細(xì) chmod go-w test.txt
2. 浣跨敤鍏繘鍒舵柟娉曟敼鍙樻枃浠舵潈闄愶細(xì)r=4,w=2,x=1. 鎶婂悇涓兂瑕佽祴浜堢殑鏉冮檺鍊肩浉鍔犲嵆鍙緱鍒扮敤鏉ユ寚瀹氭枃浠跺睘涓匯佺粍鍜屽叾浠栫敤鎴峰鏂囦歡鐨勬潈闄愩?濡傦細(xì)瀵規(guī)枃浠秚est.txt 鏀逛負(fù)瀵規(guī)墍鏈夊潎鏈夎銆佸啓銆佹墽琛岀殑鏉冮檺錛歝hmod 777 test.txt
涔?jié)锛?jí)鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡灞炰富鍜岀粍錛?1. 鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡灞炰富錛氬鎶婃枃浠秚est.txt 鏀瑰彉?shù)?zlb 鎵灞炴湁錛屽垯鍙?chown zlb: test.txt 錛屽啋鍙蜂笉鑳界渷鐣ャ?2. 鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡鎵灞炵殑緇勶細(xì)鍙互鐢?涓?chown :authors test.txt 鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡test.txt鎵灞炵殑緇勶紱涔熷彲浠ョ敤 chgrp authors test.txt 鏀瑰彉鏂囦歡涓篴uthors榪欎釜緇勬墍鏈夈?br />
bash$
絎竴涓?鏄櫥闄嗙郴緇熸椂灝辨湁鐨勶紝絎簩涓猙ash$鏄敱鐢ㄦ埛鍚姩鐨凷hell鏉ユ樉紺虹殑銆傝繖鏍蜂竴鏉ュ氨鏈変簡(jiǎn)涓や釜浜や簰寮忕殑shell錛屽彲浠ョ敤鏉ユ祴璇曚箣鐢ㄣ傞鍑虹浜屼釜shell鍙敤鍛戒護(hù)錛?br />exit錛岀劧鍚庡氨浼?xì)鍥炲埌鍘熷厛鐨剆hell銆?br />3錛夊惎鍔ㄩ潪浜や簰寮弒hell錛? /bin/sh filename
榪欓噷鐨刦ilename鎸囩殑鏄彲鎵ц鐨勬枃浠訛紝姣斿鐢╯hell鍐? echo 'hello world!' 鏀懼湪涓涓懡鍚嶄負(fù)hello鐨勬枃浠墮噷錛岃鎵ц瀹冪殑鏃跺欙紝灝辮鐢ㄥ埌鍛戒護(hù) /bin/sh hello
4錛夊熀鏈懡浠よ鎬葷粨濡備笅錛?br />$ ls 錛氬垪鍑哄綋鍓嶇洰褰曠殑鍐呭錛?br />$ ls -a :鍒楀嚭褰撳墠鐩綍鍖呮嫭涓嶅彲瑙佹枃浠剁殑鍐呭錛?br />$ man ls 錛氳幏鍙栧叧浜巐s鍛戒護(hù)鐨勬湁鍏充俊鎭紱娉細(xì)涓嶆噦鐨勫懡浠よ鍙?qiáng)鏃舵壘man
$ cat [filename] :鏌ョ湅鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹?br />$ wc files :鑾峰彇鏂囦歡鍐呭鐨勮銆佸崟璇嶅拰瀛楃鐨勬暟鐩紱
$ wc -l file :緇熻琛屾暟
$ wc -w file: 緇熻鍗曡瘝
$ wc -m file: 緇熻瀛楃
$ cp src dest :鎷瘋礉鏂囦歡錛泂rc:琚嫹璐濇枃浠?銆乨est錛氭嫹璐濆埌鐨勭洰褰?br />$ mv src dest :鏇存敼鏂囦歡鍚?br />$ rm file :鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡
$ ls dir :鍒楀嚭鐩綍
$ mkdir dir :鍒涘緩鐩綍dir
$ cp -r src dest : 鎷瘋礉鏂囦歡鍜岀洰褰曪紱 src:鎷瘋礉鏂囦歡鐨勭洰褰曠殑璺緞銆乨est:鎷瘋礉琚斁緗殑鐩綍鐨勮礬寰?br />$ mv src dest :縐誨姩鐩綍
$ rmdir dir:鍒犻櫎鐩綍dir(鍐呭涓虹┖鐨?
$ rm-r dir: 鍒犻櫎鐩綍dir鍙?qiáng)鍏跺唴瀹?鏃犺鍐呭鏄惁涓虹┖)
濂戒簡(jiǎn)錛屽厛浠嬬粛榪欎簺錛屼互鍚庝細(xì)闄嗙畫(huà)鏇存柊銆?br />