锘??xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:trackback="http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/" xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/" xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"><channel><title>&#x5AE9;&#x8349;&#x4F0A;&#x4EBA;&#x4E45;&#x4E45;&#x7CBE;&#x54C1;&#x5C11;&#x5987;&#x61;&#x76;&#x6768;&#x5E42;&#x2C;&#x6B27;&#x7F8E;&#x6FC0;&#x60C5;&#x4E9A;&#x6D32;&#x2C;&#x4E9A;&#x6D32;&#x56FD;&#x4EA7;&#x7CBE;&#x54C1;&#x4E45;&#x4E45;&#x4EBA;&#x4EBA;&#x7231;&#x871C;&#x81C0;&#x0D;</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109709.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 15:56:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109709.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109709.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109709.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109709.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109709.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[3.2&nbsp;VSFTP&nbsp;瀹夊叏涓庢晥鑳藉吋澶囩殑ftp&nbsp;鏈嶅姟鍣?nbsp;<br>3.2.1&nbsp;VSFTP&nbsp;姒傝堪&nbsp;<br>FTP錛宖ile&nbsp;transfer&nbsp;protocol錛岃繖鏄。妗堜紶杈撶殑閫氳鍗忚錛屼篃鏄竴鑸渶甯哥敤鏉ヤ紶閫佹。妗堢殑鏂瑰紡銆傝鑰呭湪浣跨敤RedHat9&nbsp;鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍙兘浼?xì)鎰熷彈鍒癴tp&nbsp;server&nbsp;鏈変竴浜涙敼鍙橈細(xì)絎竴錛屽氨鏄痜tp&nbsp;server&nbsp;鍙墿涓媣sftp錛屽師鏈夌殑wuftp&nbsp;絳夐兘娌℃斁鍏?nbsp;絎簩錛屽氨鏄痸sftp&nbsp;浠嶺INETD&nbsp;涓嫭绔嬪嚭鏉ワ紝騫跺皢璁懼畾妗ｄ粠/etc/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;涔嬩腑縐誨埌/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf銆?nbsp;<br>涓轟粈涔堝仛榪欐牱鐨勬敼鍙橈紵鍙互鎯寵鐨勬槸vsftp&nbsp;宸叉湁鐙珛榪愪綔鐨勮兘鍔涳紝涓嶉渶瑕乆INETD&nbsp;鏉ュ仛鏇磋繘涓�姝ョ殑綆℃帶錛屽茍涓旂被浼約endmail銆乭ttpd銆乻sh銆乻amba&nbsp;絳夛紝灝嗚瀹氭枃浠剁殑鏀懼叆/etc&nbsp;涓嬬嫭绔嬬殑鐩綍銆?nbsp;<br>FTP&nbsp;鍒嗕負(fù)涓ょ被錛屼竴縐嶄負(fù)PORT&nbsp;FTP錛屼篃灝辨槸涓�鑸殑FTP&nbsp;鍙︿竴綾繪槸PASVFTP錛屽垎榪板涓嬶細(xì)<br>PORT&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;<br>榪欐槸涓�鑸艦寮忕殑FTP錛岄鍏堜細(xì)寤虹珛鎺у埗棰戦亾錛岄粯璁ゅ�兼槸port&nbsp;21錛屼篃灝辨槸璺焢ort&nbsp;21&nbsp;寤虹珛鑱旀満錛屽茍閫忚繃姝よ仈鏈轟笅杈炬寚浠ゃ�傜浜岋紝鐢盕TP&nbsp;server&nbsp;绔細(xì)寤虹珛鏁版嵁浼犺緭棰戦亾錛岄粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)20錛屼篃灝辨槸璺焢ort&nbsp;20&nbsp;寤虹珛鑱旀満錛屽茍閫忚繃port&nbsp;20&nbsp;浣滄暟鎹殑浼犺緭銆?nbsp;<br>PASV&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;<br>璺烶ORT&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;綾諱技錛岄鍏堜細(xì)寤虹珛鎺у埗棰戦亾錛岄粯璁ゅ�兼槸port&nbsp;21錛屼篃灝辨槸璺焢ort&nbsp;21&nbsp;寤虹珛鑱旀満錛屽茍閫忚繃姝よ仈鏈轟笅杈炬寚浠ゃ�傜浜岋紝浼?xì)鐢眂lient&nbsp;绔仛鍑烘暟鎹紶杈撶殑璇鋒眰錛屽寘鎷暟鎹紶杈損ort&nbsp;鐨勬暟瀛椼�?nbsp;<br>榪欎袱鑰呯殑宸紓涓轟綍錛烶ORT&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;褰撲腑鐨勬暟鎹紶杈損ort&nbsp;鏄敱FTP&nbsp;server&nbsp;鎸囧畾錛岃�孭ASV&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;鐨勬暟鎹紶杈損ort&nbsp;鏄敱FTP&nbsp;client&nbsp;鍐沖畾銆傞�氬父鎴戜滑浣跨敤PASV&nbsp;FTP錛屾槸鍦ㄦ湁闃茬伀澧欑殑鐜涔嬩笅錛岄�忚繃client&nbsp;涓巗erver&nbsp;鐨勬矡閫氾紝鍐沖畾鏁版嵁浼犺緭鐨刾ort銆?br><br>3.2.2&nbsp;鑼冧緥&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.1.&nbsp;鐩存帴鍚姩VSFTP&nbsp;鏈嶅姟&nbsp;<br>榪欎釜鑼冧緥鏄鐢≧edHat&nbsp;鐨勯璁捐寖渚?鐩存帴鍚姩vsftp銆?nbsp;<br>[root@relay&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;start&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.2.&nbsp;鏇存崲port&nbsp;鎻愪緵鏈嶅姟錛氬皢棰勮鐨刾ort&nbsp;21&nbsp;鏇存崲涓?121<br>涓轟簡(jiǎn)瀹夊叏錛屾垨鏄互port&nbsp;鏉ュ尯闅斾笉鍚岀殑ftp&nbsp;鏈嶅姟錛屾垜浠彲鑳戒細(xì)灝唂tp&nbsp;port&nbsp;鏀逛負(fù)21&nbsp;涔嬪鐨刾ort錛岄偅涔堬紝鍙弬鑰冧互涓嬫楠ゃ�?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅涓�琛?nbsp;<br>listen_port=2121&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.3.&nbsp;鐗瑰畾浣跨敤鑰卲eter銆乯ohn&nbsp;涓嶅緱鍙樻洿鐩綍&nbsp;<br>浣跨敤鑰呯殑棰勮鐩綍涓?home/username錛岃嫢鏄垜浠笉甯屾湜浣跨敤鑰呭湪ftp&nbsp;鏃惰兘澶?nbsp;<br>鍒囨崲鍒頒笂涓�灞傜洰褰?home錛屽垯鍙弬鑰冧互涓嬫楠ゃ�?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>灝嗗簳涓嬩笁琛?nbsp;<br>#chroot_list_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>#&nbsp;(default&nbsp;follows)&nbsp;<br>#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list&nbsp;<br>鏀逛負(fù)&nbsp;<br>chroot_list_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>#&nbsp;(default&nbsp;follows)&nbsp;<br>chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;鏂板涓�涓。妗?&nbsp;/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list&nbsp;<br>鍐呭澧炲姞涓よ錛?nbsp;<br>peter&nbsp;<br>john&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸peter&nbsp;嬈插垏鎹㈠埌鏍圭洰褰曚互澶栫殑鐩綍錛屽垯浼?xì)鍑虹庮C互涓嬭鍛婏細(xì)&nbsp;<br>ftp&gt;&nbsp;cd&nbsp;/home&nbsp;<br>550&nbsp;Failed&nbsp;to&nbsp;change&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.4.&nbsp;鍙栨秷anonymous&nbsp;鐧誨叆&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸璇昏�呯殑涓繪満涓嶅笇鏈涗嬌鐢ㄨ�呭尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ワ紝鍒欏彲鍙傝�冧互涓嬫楠ゃ�?br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>灝?nbsp;<br>anonymous_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>鏀逛負(fù)&nbsp;<br>anonymous_enable=NO&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.5.&nbsp;瀹夋帓嬈㈣繋璇濊<br>鑻ユ槸鎴戜滑甯屾湜浣跨敤鑰呭湪鐧誨叆鏃訛紝鑳藉鐪嬪埌嬈㈣繋璇濊錛屽彲鑳藉寘鎷璇ヤ富鏈虹殑璇存槑錛屾垨鏄洰褰曠殑浠嬬粛錛屽彲鍙傝�冧互涓嬫楠ゃ�?br>棣栧厛紜畾鍦?etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;褰撲腑鏄惁鏈夊簳涓嬭繖涓�琛?nbsp;<br>dirmessage_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>RedHat9&nbsp;鐨勯粯璁ゅ�兼槸鏈変笂闈㈣繖琛岀殑銆?nbsp;<br>鎺ョ潃錛屽湪鍚勭洰褰曚箣涓紝鏂板鍚嶄負(fù).message&nbsp;鐨勬。妗堬紝鍐嶈繖杈瑰亣璁炬湁涓�涓嬌鐢ㄨ�卼est1錛屼笖姝や嬌鐢ㄨ�呯殑鏍圭洰褰曚笅鏈変釜鐩綍鍚嶄負(fù)abc錛岄偅棣栧厛鎴戜滑鍦?home/test1&nbsp;<br>涔嬩笅鏂板.message錛屽唴瀹瑰涓嬶細(xì)&nbsp;<br>Hello~&nbsp;Welcome&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;home&nbsp;directory&nbsp;<br>This&nbsp;is&nbsp;for&nbsp;test&nbsp;only...&nbsp;<br>鎺ョ潃錛屽湪/home/test1/abc&nbsp;鐨勭洰褰曚笅鏂板.message錛屽唴瀹瑰涓嬶細(xì)&nbsp;<br>Welcome&nbsp;to&nbsp;abc's&nbsp;directory&nbsp;<br>This&nbsp;is&nbsp;subdir...&nbsp;<br>閭ｄ箞錛屽綋浣跨敤鑰卼est1&nbsp;鐧誨叆鏃訛紝浼?xì)鐪嬪堫C互涓嬭鎭細(xì)&nbsp;<br>230-&nbsp;Hello~&nbsp;Welcome&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;home&nbsp;directory&nbsp;<br>230-&nbsp;<br>230-&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;for&nbsp;test&nbsp;only...&nbsp;<br>230-&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍒囨崲鍒癮bc&nbsp;鐨勭洰褰曪紝鍒欎細(xì)鍑虹幇浠ヤ笅璁伅錛?nbsp;<br>250-&nbsp;Welcome&nbsp;to&nbsp;abc's&nbsp;directory&nbsp;<br>250-&nbsp;<br>250-&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;subdir&nbsp;...&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.6.&nbsp;瀵逛簬姣忎竴涓仈鏈猴紝浠ョ嫭绔嬬殑process&nbsp;鏉ヨ繍浣?br>涓�鑸惎鍔╲sftp&nbsp;鏃訛紝鎴戜滑鍙細(xì)鐪嬪埌涓�涓悕涓簐sftpd&nbsp;鐨刾rocess&nbsp;鍦ㄨ繍浣滐紝浣嗚嫢鏄鑰呭笇鏈涙瘡涓�涓仈鏈猴紝閮借兘浠ョ嫭绔嬬殑process&nbsp;鏉ュ憟鐜幫紝鍒欏彲鎵ц浠ヤ笅姝ラ銆?br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅涓�琛?nbsp;<br>setproctitle_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>浣跨敤ps&nbsp;-ef&nbsp;鐨勬寚浠わ紝鍙互鐪嬪憡涓嶅悓浣跨敤鑰呰仈鏈虹殑鎯呭艦錛屽涓嬪浘鎵�紺猴細(xì)&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;ps&nbsp;-ef|grep&nbsp;ftp&nbsp;<br>root&nbsp;2090&nbsp;1&nbsp;0&nbsp;16:41&nbsp;pts/0&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;LISTENER&nbsp;<br>nobody&nbsp;2120&nbsp;2090&nbsp;0&nbsp;17:18&nbsp;?&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;192.168.10.244:&nbsp;<br>connected&nbsp;<br>test1&nbsp;2122&nbsp;2120&nbsp;0&nbsp;17:18&nbsp;?&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;192.168.10.244/test1:&nbsp;<br>IDLE&nbsp;<br>nobody&nbsp;2124&nbsp;2090&nbsp;0&nbsp;17:19&nbsp;?&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;192.168.10.244:&nbsp;<br>connected&nbsp;<br>test2&nbsp;2126&nbsp;2124&nbsp;0&nbsp;17:19&nbsp;?&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;192.168.10.244/test2:&nbsp;<br>IDLE&nbsp;<br>root&nbsp;2129&nbsp;1343&nbsp;0&nbsp;17:20&nbsp;pts/0&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;grep&nbsp;ftp&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#<br><br>3.2.7.&nbsp;闄愬埗浼犺緭妗ｆ鐨勯�熷害錛?br>鏈満鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呮渶楂橀�熷害涓?00KBytes/s錛屽尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呮墍鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈�楂橀�熷害涓?0KBytes/s<br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅涓よ&nbsp;<br>anon_max_rate=50000&nbsp;<br>local_max_rate=200000&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>鍦ㄨ繖杈歸�熷害鐨勫崟浣嶄負(fù)Bytes/s錛屽叾涓璦non_max_rate&nbsp;鎵�闄愬埗鐨勬槸鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鐨?nbsp;<br>浣跨敤鑰咃紝鑰宭ocal_max_rate&nbsp;鎵�闄愬埗鐨勬槸鏈満鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呫�俈SFTPD&nbsp;瀵逛簬閫熷害鐨勯檺&nbsp;<br>鍒訛紝鑼冨洿澶ф鍦?0%鍒?20%涔嬮棿錛屼篃灝辨槸鎴戜滑闄愬埗鏈�楂橀�熷害涓?00KBytes/s錛?nbsp;<br>浣嗗疄闄呯殑閫熷害鍙兘鍦?0KBytes/s&nbsp;鍒?20KBytes/s&nbsp;涔嬮棿錛屽綋鐒?dòng)灱岃嫢鏄瀹戒笉鑳?nbsp;<br>鏃訛紝鏁板�間細(xì)浣庝簬姝ら檺鍒躲�?br><br>3.2.8.&nbsp;閽堝涓嶅悓鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呴檺鍒朵笉鍚岀殑閫熷害錛?br>鍋囪test1&nbsp;鎵�鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈�楂橀�熷害涓?50KBytes/s錛宼est2&nbsp;鎵�鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈�楂橀�熷害涓?00KBytes/s銆?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅涓�琛?nbsp;<br>user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/userconf&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;鏂板涓�涓洰褰曪細(xì)/etc/vsftpd/userconf&nbsp;<br>mkdir&nbsp;/etc/vsftpd/userconf&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;鍦?etc/vsftpd/userconf&nbsp;涔嬩笅鏂板涓�涓悕涓簍est1&nbsp;鐨勬。妗?nbsp;<br>鍐呭澧炲姞涓�琛岋細(xì)&nbsp;<br>local_max_rate=250000&nbsp;<br>Step4.&nbsp;鍦?etc/vsftpd/userconf&nbsp;涔嬩笅鏂板涓�涓悕涓簍est2&nbsp;鐨勬。妗?nbsp;<br>鍐呭澧炲姞涓�琛岋細(xì)&nbsp;<br>local_max_rate=500000&nbsp;<br>Step5.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]<br><br>3.2.9-1.&nbsp;寤虹疆涓�涓槻鐏涓嬬殑ftp&nbsp;server錛屼嬌鐢≒ORT&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;mode錛?br>棰勮鐨刦tp&nbsp;port:21&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)ftp&nbsp;data&nbsp;port:20&nbsp;<br>鍚姩VSFTPD&nbsp;涔嬪悗鎵ц浠ヤ笅涓よ鎸囦護(hù)錛屽彧鍏佽port&nbsp;21&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)port&nbsp;20&nbsp;寮�鏀撅紝鍏跺畠鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;21,20&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT&nbsp;--reject-with&nbsp;tcp-reset<br><br>3.2.9-2.&nbsp;寤虹疆涓�涓槻鐏涓嬬殑ftp&nbsp;server錛屼嬌鐢≒ORT&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;mode錛?br>ftp&nbsp;port:2121&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)ftp&nbsp;data&nbsp;port:2020&nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;鎵ц浠ヤ笅涓よ鎸囦護(hù)錛屽彧鍏佽port&nbsp;2121&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)port&nbsp;2020&nbsp;寮�鏀撅紝鍏跺畠鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;2121,2020&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT&nbsp;--reject-with&nbsp;tcp-reset&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅涓よ&nbsp;<br>listen_port=2121&nbsp;<br>ftp_data_port=2020&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>鍦ㄨ繖杈硅娉ㄦ剰錛?銆?&nbsp;涓や釜渚嬪瓙涓紝ftp&nbsp;client錛堝cuteftp錛夌殑鑱旀満鏂瑰紡涓嶈兘澶熼�夋嫨passive&nbsp;mode錛屽惁鍒欐棤娉曞緩绔嬫暟鎹殑鑱旀満銆備篃灝辨槸璇昏�呭彲浠ヨ繛涓奻tp&nbsp;<br>server錛屼絾鏄墽琛宭s銆乬et&nbsp;絳夌瓑鐨勬寚浠ゆ椂錛屼究鏃犳硶榪愪綔銆?br><br>3.2.10.&nbsp;寤虹疆涓�涓槻鐏涓嬬殑ftp&nbsp;server錛屼嬌鐢≒ASS&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;mode錛?br>ftp&nbsp;port:2121&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)ftp&nbsp;data&nbsp;port&nbsp;浠?981&nbsp;鍒?986銆?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;鎵ц浠ヤ笅涓よ鎸囦護(hù)錛屽彧鍏佽port&nbsp;2121&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)port&nbsp;9981-9990&nbsp;寮�鏀撅紝鍏跺畠鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-m&nbsp;multiport&nbsp;--dport&nbsp;<br>2121,9981,9982,9983,9984,9985,9986,9987,9988,9989,9990&nbsp;-j&nbsp;ACCEPT&nbsp;<br>iptables&nbsp;-A&nbsp;INPUT&nbsp;-p&nbsp;tcp&nbsp;-j&nbsp;REJECT&nbsp;--reject-with&nbsp;tcp-reset&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>鏂板搴曚笅鍥涜&nbsp;<br>listen_port=2121&nbsp;<br>pasv_enable=YES&nbsp;<br>pasv_min_port=9981&nbsp;<br>pasv_max_port=9986&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>鍦ㄨ繖杈硅娉ㄦ剰錛屽湪10&nbsp;榪欎釜渚嬪瓙涓紝ftp&nbsp;client錛堝cuteftp錛夌殑鑱旀満鏂瑰紡蹇呴』閫夋嫨passive&nbsp;mode錛屽惁鍒欐棤娉曞緩绔嬫暟鎹殑鑱旀満銆備篃灝辨槸璇昏�呭彲浠ヨ繛涓奻tp&nbsp;server錛屼絾鏄墽琛宭s,get&nbsp;絳夌瓑鐨勬寚浠ゆ椂錛屼究鏃犳硶榪愪綔銆?br><br>3.2.11.&nbsp;灝唙sftpd&nbsp;涓嶵CP_wrapper&nbsp;緇撳悎<br>鑻ユ槸璇昏�呭笇鏈涚洿鎺ュ湪/etc/hosts.allow&nbsp;涔嬩腑瀹氫箟鍏佽鎴栨槸鎷掔粷鐨勬潵婧愬湴鍧�錛屽彲鎵ц浠ヤ笅姝ラ銆傝繖鏄畝鏄撶殑闃茬伀澧欒瀹氥�?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;紜畾/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;涔嬩腑tcp_wrappers&nbsp;鐨勮瀹氫負(fù)YES錛屽涓嬪浘鎵�&nbsp;<br>紺猴細(xì)&nbsp;<br>tcp_wrappers=YES&nbsp;<br>榪欐槸RedHat9&nbsp;鐨勯粯璁ゅ�鹼紝鍩烘湰涓婁笉闇�淇敼銆?nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩vsftpd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Shutting&nbsp;down&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;for&nbsp;vsftpd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;璁懼畾/etc/hosts.allow錛岃濡傛彁渚?11.22.33.4&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)10.1.1.1&nbsp;鍒?0.1.1.254&nbsp;榪?nbsp;<br>綰匡紝鍒欏彲鍋氫笅鍥句箣璁懼畾錛?nbsp;<br>vsftpd&nbsp;:&nbsp;111.22.33.4&nbsp;10.1.1.&nbsp;:&nbsp;allow&nbsp;<br>ALL&nbsp;:&nbsp;ALL&nbsp;:&nbsp;DENY<br><br>3.2.12.&nbsp;灝唙sftpd&nbsp;騫跺叆XINETD&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸璇昏�呭笇鏈涘皢vsftpd&nbsp;騫跺叆XINETD&nbsp;涔嬩腑錛屼篃灝辨槸7.x&nbsp;鐗堢殑棰勮璁懼畾錛岄偅&nbsp;<br>涔堣鑰呭彲浠ユ墽琛屼互涓嬫楠ゃ�?nbsp;<br>Step1.&nbsp;淇敼/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;<br>灝?nbsp;<br>listen=YES&nbsp;<br>鏀逛負(fù)&nbsp;<br>listen=NO&nbsp;<br>Step2.&nbsp;鏂板涓�涓。妗堬細(xì)&nbsp;/etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd&nbsp;<br>鍐呭濡備笅錛?nbsp;<br>service&nbsp;vsftpd&nbsp;<br>{&nbsp;<br>disable&nbsp;=&nbsp;no&nbsp;<br>socket_type&nbsp;=&nbsp;stream&nbsp;<br>wait&nbsp;=&nbsp;no&nbsp;<br>user&nbsp;=&nbsp;root&nbsp;<br>server&nbsp;=&nbsp;/usr/sbin/vsftpd&nbsp;<br>port&nbsp;=&nbsp;21&nbsp;<br>log_on_success&nbsp;+=&nbsp;PID&nbsp;HOST&nbsp;DURATION&nbsp;<br>log_on_failure&nbsp;+=&nbsp;HOST&nbsp;<br>}&nbsp;<br>Step3.&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩xinetd&nbsp;<br>[root@home&nbsp;vsftpd]#&nbsp;/sbin/service&nbsp;xinetd&nbsp;restart&nbsp;<br>Stopping&nbsp;xinetd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br>Starting&nbsp;xinetd:&nbsp;OK&nbsp;]&nbsp;<br><br>3.2.3&nbsp;璁懼畾妗ｈ鏄?br>鍦ㄨ寖渚嬩腑錛屾湁浜涚渷鐣ョ殑璁懼畾鍙互鍦ㄨ繖杈規(guī)壘鍒幫紝璀鑱旀満鐨勬�繪暟銆佸悓涓�涓綅鍧�鐨勮仈鏈烘暟銆佹樉紺烘。妗堟嫢鏈夎�呯殑鍚嶇О絳夌瓑錛屽笇鏈涜鑰呯粏璇誨悗錛屽彲浠ュ仛鍑烘渶閫傚悎鑷繁鐨勮瀹氥�?br>鏍煎紡<br>vsftpd.conf&nbsp;鐨勫唴瀹歸潪甯稿崟綰紝姣忎竴琛屽嵆涓轟竴欏硅瀹氥�傝嫢鏄┖鐧借鎴栨槸寮�澶翠負(fù)#鐨勪竴琛岋紝灝嗕細(xì)琚拷鐣ャ�傚唴瀹圭殑鏍煎紡鍙湁涓�縐嶏紝濡備笅鎵�紺?nbsp;<br>option=value&nbsp;<br>瑕佹敞鎰忕殑鏄紝絳夊彿涓よ竟涓嶈兘鍔犵┖鐧斤紝涓嶇劧鏄笉姝ｇ‘鐨勮瀹氥�?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛漚scii&nbsp;璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>ascii_download_enable&nbsp;<br>綆℃帶鏄惁鍙敤ASCII&nbsp;妯″紡涓嬭澆銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>ascii_upload_enable&nbsp;<br>綆℃帶鏄惁鍙敤ASCII&nbsp;妯″紡涓婁紶銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濅釜鍒嬌鐢ㄨ�呰瀹氾紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>chroot_list_enable&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛屽垯鎵�鏈夌殑鏈満浣跨敤鑰呯櫥鍏ュ潎鍙繘鍒版牴鐩綍涔嬪鐨勬暟鎹す錛岄櫎浜?jiǎn)鍒?nbsp;<br>鍦?etc/vsftpd.chroot_list&nbsp;涔嬩腑鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呬箣澶栥�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>userlist_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩姝ゅ姛鑳斤紝鍒欎細(xì)璇誨彇/etc/vsftpd.user_list&nbsp;褰撲腑鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呭悕縐般�傛欏瑰姛鑳藉彲浠ュ湪璇㈤棶瀵嗙爜鍓嶅氨鍑虹幇澶辮觸璁伅錛岃�屼笉闇�瑕佹楠屽瘑鐮佺殑紼嬪簭銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>userlist_deny&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>榪欎釜閫夐」鍙湁鍦╱serlist_enable&nbsp;鍚姩鏃舵墠浼?xì)琚珛個(gè)楠屻�傚鏋滃皢榪欎釜閫夐」璁句負(fù)YES錛屽垯鍦?etc/vsftpd.user_list&nbsp;涓殑浣跨敤鑰呭皢鏃犳硶鐧誨叆&nbsp;鑻ヨ涓篘O&nbsp;錛?nbsp;鍒欏彧鏈夊湪&nbsp;<br>/etc/vsftpd.user_list&nbsp;涓殑浣跨敤鑰呮墠鑳界櫥鍏ャ�傝�屼笖姝ら」鍔熻兘鍙互鍦ㄨ闂瘑鐮佸墠灝卞嚭鐜伴敊璇鎭紝鑰屼笉闇�瑕佹楠屽瘑鐮佺殑紼嬪簭銆?nbsp;<br>user_config_dir&nbsp;<br>瀹氫箟涓埆浣跨敤鑰呰瀹氭枃浠舵墍鍦ㄧ殑鐩綍錛屼緥濡傚畾涔塽ser_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/userconf錛屼笖涓繪満涓婃湁浣跨敤鑰卼est1,test2錛岄偅鎴戜滑鍙互鍦╱ser_config_dir&nbsp;鐨勭洰褰曟柊澧炴枃浠跺悕涓簍est1&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)test2銆傝嫢鏄痶est1&nbsp;鐧誨叆錛屽垯浼?xì)璇诲彇user_config_dir&nbsp;涓嬬殑test1&nbsp;榪欎釜妗ｆ鍐呯殑璁懼畾銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濇榪庤璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>dirmessage_enable&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩榪欎釜閫夐」錛屼嬌鐢ㄨ�呯涓�嬈¤繘鍏ヤ竴涓洰褰曟椂錛屼細(xì)媯�(gè)鏌ヨ鐩綍涓嬫槸鍚︽湁.message榪欎釜妗ｆ錛岃嫢鏄湁錛屽垯浼?xì)鍑虹幇姝ゆ。妗堢殑鍐呭锛岄�氬父榪欎釜妗ｆ浼?xì)鏀揪|榪庤瘽璇紝鎴栨槸瀵硅鐩綍鐨勮鏄庛�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)寮�鍚�?nbsp;<br>banner_file&nbsp;<br>褰撲嬌鐢ㄨ�呯櫥鍏ユ椂錛屼細(xì)鏄劇ず姝よ瀹氭墍鍦ㄧ殑妗ｆ鍐呭錛岄�氬父涓烘榪庤瘽璇垨鏄鏄庛�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>ftpd_banner&nbsp;<br>榪欒竟鍙畾涔夋榪庤瘽璇殑瀛楃涓詫紝鐩歌緝浜巄anner_file&nbsp;鏄。妗堢殑褰㈠紡錛岃�宖tpd_banner&nbsp;鏄瓧涓茬殑鏍煎紡銆傞璁句負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濈壒孌婂畨鍏ㄨ瀹氾紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>chroot_local_user&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉璁懼畾涓篩ES錛岄偅涔堟墍鏈夌殑鏈満鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呴兘鍙互鍒囨崲鍒版牴鐩綍浠ュ鐨勬暟鎹す銆傞璁懼�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>hide_ids&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛屾墍鏈夋。妗堢殑鎷ユ湁鑰呬笌緹ょ粍閮戒負(fù)ftp錛屼篃灝辨槸浣跨敤鑰呯櫥鍏ヤ嬌鐢╨s&nbsp;-al涔嬬被鐨勬寚浠わ紝鎵�鐪嬪埌鐨勬。妗堟嫢鏈夎�呰窡緹ょ粍鍧囦負(fù)ftp銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>ls_recurse_enable&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩姝ゅ姛鑳斤紝鍒欏厑璁哥櫥鍏ヨ�呬嬌鐢╨s&nbsp;-R&nbsp;榪欎釜鎸囦護(hù)銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>write_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>榪欎釜閫夐」鍙互鎺у埗FTP&nbsp;鐨勬寚浠ゆ槸鍚﹀厑璁告洿鏀筬ile&nbsp;system錛岃濡係TOR銆丏ELE銆?nbsp;<br>RNFR銆丷NTO銆丮KD銆丷MD銆丄PPE&nbsp;浠ュ強(qiáng)SITE銆傞璁炬槸鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>setproctitle_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛寁sftpd&nbsp;浼?xì)灏嗘墍鏈夎仈鏈虹殑鐘跺喌宸蹭笉鍚岀殑process&nbsp;鍛堢幇鍑烘潵錛屾崲鍙ヨ瘽璇達(dá)紝浣跨敤ps&nbsp;-ef&nbsp;榪欑被鐨勬寚浠ゅ氨鍙互鐪嬪埌鑱旀満鐨勭姸鎬併�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>tcp_wrappers&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩錛屽垯浼?xì)灏唙sftpd&nbsp;涓巘cp&nbsp;wrapper&nbsp;緇撳悎錛屼篃灝辨槸鍙互鍦?etc/hosts.allow&nbsp;涓?etc/hosts.deny&nbsp;涓畾涔夊彲鑱旀満鎴栨槸鎷掔粷鐨勬潵婧愬湴鍧�銆?nbsp;<br>pam_service_name&nbsp;<br>榪欒竟瀹氫箟PAM&nbsp;鎵�浣跨敤鐨勫悕縐幫紝棰勮涓簐sftpd銆?nbsp;<br>secure_chroot_dir&nbsp;<br>榪欎釜閫夐」蹇呴』鎸囧畾涓�涓┖鐨勬暟鎹す涓斾換浣曠櫥鍏ヨ�呴兘涓嶈兘鏈夊啓鍏ョ殑鏉冮檺錛屽綋vsftpd&nbsp;涓嶉渶瑕乫ile&nbsp;system&nbsp;鐨勬潈闄愭椂錛屽氨浼?xì)灏嗕娇鐢ㄨ�呴檺鍒跺湪姝ゆ暟鎹す涓�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)/usr/share/empty&nbsp;<br><br>錛濓紳錛濈邯褰曟枃浠惰瀹氾紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>xferlog_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩錛屼笂浼犱笌涓嬭澆鐨勪俊鎭皢琚畬鏁寸邯褰曞湪搴曚笅xferlog_file&nbsp;鎵�瀹氫箟鐨勬。妗堜腑銆傞璁句負(fù)寮�鍚�?nbsp;<br>xferlog_file&nbsp;<br>榪欎釜閫夐」鍙瀹氱邯褰曟枃浠舵墍鍦ㄧ殑浣嶇疆錛岄粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)/var/log/vsftpd.log銆?nbsp;<br>xferlog_std_format&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉鍚姩錛屽垯綰綍鏂囦歡灝嗕細(xì)鍐欎負(fù)xferlog&nbsp;鐨勬爣鍑嗘牸寮忥紝濡傚悓wu-ftpd&nbsp;涓�鑸�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br><br>錛濓紳錛濋�炬椂璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>accept_timeout&nbsp;<br>鎺ュ彈寤虹珛鑱旀満鐨勯�炬椂璁懼畾錛屽崟浣嶄負(fù)縐掋�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)60銆?nbsp;<br>connect_timeout&nbsp;<br>鍝嶅簲PORT&nbsp;鏂瑰紡鐨勬暟鎹仈鏈虹殑閫炬椂璁懼畾錛屽崟浣嶄負(fù)縐掋�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)60銆?nbsp;<br>data_connection_timeout&nbsp;<br>寤虹珛鏁版嵁鑱旀満鐨勯�炬椂璁懼畾銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)300&nbsp;縐掋�?nbsp;<br>idle_session_timeout&nbsp;<br>鍙戝憜鐨勯�炬椂璁懼畾錛岃嫢鏄秴鍑?guó)櫩欐棄櫁存病鏈夋暟鎹殑浼犻�佹垨鏄寚浠ょ殑杈撳叆錛屽垯浼?xì)寮簶q柇綰匡紝鍗曚綅涓虹銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)300銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濋�熺巼闄愬埗錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>anon_max_rate&nbsp;<br>鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鎵�鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈�澶т紶杈撻�熷害錛屽崟浣嶄負(fù)姣忕澶氬皯bytes錛?&nbsp;琛ㄧず涓嶉檺閫熷害銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>local_max_rate&nbsp;<br>鏈満浣跨敤鑰呮墍鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈�澶т紶杈撻�熷害錛屽崟浣嶄負(fù)姣忕澶氬皯bytes錛?&nbsp;琛ㄧず涓嶉檺閫熷害銆傞璁懼�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濇柊澧炴。妗堟潈闄愯瀹氾紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>anon_umask&nbsp;<br>鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鑰呮柊澧炴。妗堟椂鐨剈mask&nbsp;鏁板�箋�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)077銆?nbsp;<br>file_open_mode&nbsp;<br>涓婁紶妗ｆ鐨勬潈闄愶紝涓巆hmod&nbsp;鎵�浣跨敤鐨勬暟鍊肩浉鍚屻�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0666銆?nbsp;<br>local_umask&nbsp;<br>鏈満鐧誨叆鑰呮柊澧炴。妗堟椂鐨剈mask&nbsp;鏁板�箋�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)077銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛漰ort&nbsp;璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>connect_from_port_20&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鑻ヨ涓篩ES錛屽垯寮鴻揩ftp-data&nbsp;鐨勬暟鎹紶閫佷嬌鐢╬ort&nbsp;20銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)YES銆?nbsp;<br>ftp_data_port&nbsp;<br>璁懼畾ftp&nbsp;鏁版嵁鑱旀満鎵�浣跨敤鐨刾ort銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)20銆?nbsp;<br>listen_port&nbsp;<br>FTP&nbsp;server&nbsp;鎵�浣跨敤鐨刾ort銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)21銆?nbsp;<br>pasv_max_port&nbsp;<br>寤虹珛璧勬枡鑱旀満鎵�鍙互浣跨敤port&nbsp;鑼冨洿鐨勪笂鐣岋紝0&nbsp;琛ㄧず浠繪剰銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>pasv_min_port&nbsp;<br>寤虹珛璧勬枡鑱旀満鎵�鍙互浣跨敤port&nbsp;鑼冨洿鐨勪笅鐣岋紝0&nbsp;琛ㄧず浠繪剰銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濆叾瀹冿紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>anon_root&nbsp;<br>浣跨敤鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鏃訛紝鎵�鐧誨叆鐨勭洰褰曘�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>local_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鍚姩姝ゅ姛鑳藉垯鍏佽鏈満浣跨敤鑰呯櫥鍏ャ�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)YES銆?nbsp;<br>local_root&nbsp;<br>鏈満浣跨敤鑰呯櫥鍏ユ椂錛屽皢琚洿鎹㈠埌瀹氫箟鐨勭洰褰曚笅銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>text_userdb_names&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>褰撲嬌鐢ㄨ�呯櫥鍏ュ悗浣跨敤ls&nbsp;-al&nbsp;涔嬬被鐨勬寚浠ゆ煡璇㈣妗ｆ鐨勭鐞嗘潈鏃訛紝棰勮浼?xì)鍑虹幇鎷ユ湁鑰呯殑UID錛岃�屼笉鏄妗ｆ鎷ユ湁鑰呯殑鍚嶇О銆傝嫢鏄笇鏈涘嚭鐜版嫢鏈夎�呯殑鍚嶇О錛屽垯灝嗘鍔熻兘寮�鍚�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>pasv_enable&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸璁句負(fù)NO錛屽垯涓嶅厑璁鎬嬌鐢≒ASV&nbsp;鐨勬ā寮忓緩绔嬫暟鎹殑鑱旀満銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)寮�鍚�?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濇洿鎹㈡。妗堟墍鏈夋潈錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>chown_uploads&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩錛屾墍鏈夊尶鍚嶄笂浼犳暟鎹殑鎷ユ湁鑰呭皢琚洿鎹負(fù)chown_username&nbsp;褰撲腑鎵�璁懼畾鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呫�傝繖鏍風(fēng)殑閫夐」瀵逛簬瀹夊叏鍙?qiáng)绠＄悊锛屾槸寰堟湁鐢ㄧ殑銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>chown_username&nbsp;<br>榪欓噷鍙互瀹氫箟褰撳尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呬笂浼犳。妗堟椂錛岃妗ｆ鐨勬嫢鏈夎�呭皢琚疆鎹㈢殑浣跨敤鑰呭悕縐般�傞璁懼�間負(fù)root銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛漡uest&nbsp;璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br>guest_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛屾墍鏈夌殑闈炲尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呴兘瑙嗕負(fù)guest銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鍏抽棴銆?nbsp;<br>guest_username&nbsp;<br>榪欓噷灝嗗畾涔塯uest&nbsp;鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呭悕縐般�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)ftp銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛漚nonymous&nbsp;璁懼畾錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>anonymous_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>綆℃帶浣垮惁鍏佽鍖垮悕鐧誨叆錛孻ES&nbsp;涓哄厑璁稿尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ワ紝NO&nbsp;涓轟笉鍏佽銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)YES銆?nbsp;<br>no_anon_password&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛屽垯浣跨敤鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鏃訛紝涓嶄細(xì)璇㈤棶瀵嗙爜銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>anon_mkdir_write_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉璁句負(fù)YES錛屽尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呬細(xì)琚厑璁告柊澧炵洰褰曪紝褰撶劧錛屽尶鍚嶄嬌鐢ㄨ�呭繀欏昏鏈夊涓婂眰鐩綍鐨勫啓鍏ユ潈銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>anon_other_write_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉璁句負(fù)YES錛屽尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呬細(xì)琚厑璁告洿澶氫簬涓婁紶涓庡緩绔嬬洰褰曚箣澶栫殑鏉冮檺錛岃濡傚垹闄ゆ垨鏄洿鍚嶃�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>anon_upload_enable&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉璁句負(fù)YES錛屽尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呬細(xì)琚厑璁鎬笂浼犵洰褰曠殑鏉冮檺錛屽綋鐒?dòng)灱屽尶鍚嶄娇鐢ㄨ�呭繀欏昏鏈夊涓婂眰鐩綍鐨勫啓鍏ユ潈銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>anon_world_readable_only&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉璁句負(fù)YES錛屽尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ヨ�呬細(xì)琚厑璁鎬笅杞藉彲闃呰鐨勬。妗堛�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)YES銆?nbsp;<br>ftp_username&nbsp;<br>瀹氫箟鍖垮悕鐧誨叆鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呭悕縐般�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)ftp銆?nbsp;<br>deny_email_enable&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩榪欓」鍔熻兘錛屽垯蹇呴』鎻愪緵涓�涓。妗?etc/vsftpd.banner_emails錛屽唴瀹逛負(fù)email&nbsp;<br>address銆傝嫢鏄嬌鐢ㄥ尶鍚嶇櫥鍏ワ紝鍒欎細(xì)瑕佹眰杈撳叆email&nbsp;address錛岃嫢杈撳叆鐨別mail&nbsp;address&nbsp;鍦ㄦ妗ｆ鍐咃紝鍒欎笉鍏佽鑱旀満銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)NO銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛漇tandalone&nbsp;閫夐」錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳&nbsp;<br>listen&nbsp;<br>鐢ㄦ硶錛歒ES/NO&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸鍚姩錛屽垯vsftpd&nbsp;灝嗕細(xì)浠ョ嫭绔嬭繍浣滅殑鏂瑰紡鎵ц錛岃嫢鏄痸sftpd&nbsp;鐙珛鎵ц錛屽RedHat9鐨勯粯璁ゅ�鹼紝鍒欏繀欏誨惎鍔?nbsp;鑻ユ槸vsftpd&nbsp;鍖呭惈鍦▁inetd&nbsp;涔嬩腑錛屽垯蹇呴』鍏抽棴姝ゅ姛鑳斤紝濡俁edHat8銆傚湪RedHat9&nbsp;鐨勯粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)YES銆?nbsp;<br>listen_address&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸vsftpd&nbsp;浣跨敤standalone&nbsp;鐨勬ā寮忥紝鍙嬌鐢ㄨ繖涓弬鏁板畾涔変嬌鐢ㄥ摢涓狪P&nbsp;address&nbsp;鎻愪緵榪欓」鏈嶅姟錛岃嫢鏄富鏈轟笂鍙湁瀹氫箟涓�涓狪P&nbsp;address錛屽垯姝ら�夐」涓嶉渶浣跨敤錛岃嫢鏄湁澶氫釜IP&nbsp;address錛屽彲瀹氫箟鍦ㄥ摢涓狪P&nbsp;address&nbsp;涓婃彁渚沠tp&nbsp;鏈嶅姟銆傝嫢鏄笉璁懼畾錛屽垯鎵�鏈夌殑IP&nbsp;address鍧囦細(xì)鎻愪緵姝ゆ湇鍔°�傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)鏃犮�?nbsp;<br>max_clients&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸vsftpd&nbsp;浣跨敤standalone&nbsp;鐨勬ā寮忥紝鍙嬌鐢ㄨ繖涓弬鏁板畾涔夋渶澶х殑鎬昏仈鏈烘暟銆傝秴榪囪繖涓暟鐩皢浼?xì)鎷捑l濊仈鏈猴紝0&nbsp;琛ㄧず涓嶉檺銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>max_per_ip&nbsp;<br>鑻ユ槸vsftpd&nbsp;浣跨敤standalone&nbsp;鐨勬ā寮忥紝鍙嬌鐢ㄨ繖涓弬鏁板畾涔夋瘡涓猧p&nbsp;address&nbsp;鎵�鍙互鑱旀満鐨勬暟鐩�傝秴榪囪繖涓暟鐩皢浼?xì)鎷捑l濊仈鏈猴紝0&nbsp;琛ㄧず涓嶉檺銆傞粯璁ゅ�間負(fù)0銆?nbsp;<br>錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛濓紳錛?nbsp;<br><br>3.2.4&nbsp;FTP&nbsp;鏁板瓧浠ｇ爜鐨勬剰涔?nbsp;<br>110&nbsp;閲嶆柊鍚姩鏍囪搴旂瓟銆?nbsp;<br>120&nbsp;鏈嶅姟鍦ㄥ涔呮椂闂村唴ready銆?nbsp;<br>125&nbsp;鏁版嵁閾捐礬鍩犲紑鍚紝鍑嗗浼犻�併�?nbsp;<br>150&nbsp;鏂囦歡鐘舵�佹甯革紝寮�鍚暟鎹繛鎺ョ鍙ｃ�?nbsp;<br>200&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)鎵ц鎴愬姛銆?nbsp;<br>202&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)鎵ц澶辮觸銆?nbsp;<br>211&nbsp;緋葷粺鐘舵�佹垨鏄郴緇熸眰鍔╁搷搴斻�?nbsp;<br>212&nbsp;鐩綍鐨勭姸鎬併�?nbsp;<br>213&nbsp;鏂囦歡鐨勭姸鎬併�?nbsp;<br>214&nbsp;姹傚姪鐨勮鎭�?nbsp;<br>215&nbsp;鍚嶇О緋葷粺綾誨瀷銆?nbsp;<br>220&nbsp;鏂扮殑鑱旀満鏈嶅姟ready銆?nbsp;<br>221&nbsp;鏈嶅姟鐨勬帶鍒惰繛鎺ュ煚鍏抽棴錛屽彲浠ユ敞閿�銆?nbsp;<br>225&nbsp;鏁版嵁榪炵粨寮�鍚紝浣嗘棤浼犺緭鍔ㄤ綔銆?nbsp;<br>226&nbsp;鍏抽棴鏁版嵁榪炴帴绔彛錛岃姹傜殑鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔鎴愬姛銆?nbsp;<br>227&nbsp;榪涘叆passive&nbsp;mode銆?nbsp;<br>230&nbsp;浣跨敤鑰呯櫥鍏ャ�?nbsp;<br>250&nbsp;璇鋒眰鐨勬枃浠舵搷浣滃畬鎴愩�?nbsp;<br>257&nbsp;鏄劇ず鐩墠鐨勮礬寰勫悕縐般�?nbsp;<br>331&nbsp;鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶇О姝ｇ‘錛岄渶瑕佸瘑鐮併�?nbsp;<br>332&nbsp;鐧誨叆鏃墮渶瑕佽處鍙蜂俊鎭�?nbsp;<br>350&nbsp;璇鋒眰鐨勬搷浣滈渶瑕佽繘涓�閮ㄧ殑鍛戒護(hù)銆?nbsp;<br>421&nbsp;鏃犳硶鎻愪緵鏈嶅姟錛屽叧闂帶鍒惰繛緇撱�?nbsp;<br>425&nbsp;鏃犳硶寮�鍚暟鎹摼璺�?nbsp;<br>426&nbsp;鍏抽棴鑱旀満錛岀粓姝紶杈撱�?nbsp;<br>450&nbsp;璇鋒眰鐨勬搷浣滄湭鎵ц銆?nbsp;<br>451&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)緇堟錛氭湁鏈湴鐨勯敊璇�?nbsp;<br>452&nbsp;鏈墽琛屽懡浠わ細(xì)紓佺洏絀洪棿涓嶈凍銆?nbsp;<br>500&nbsp;鏍煎紡閿欒錛屾棤娉曡瘑鍒懡浠ゃ�?nbsp;<br>501&nbsp;鍙傛暟璇硶閿欒銆?nbsp;<br>502&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)鎵ц澶辮觸銆?nbsp;<br>503&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)欏哄簭閿欒銆?nbsp;<br>504&nbsp;鍛戒護(hù)鎵�鎺ョ殑鍙傛暟涓嶆紜�?nbsp;<br>530&nbsp;鏈櫥鍏ャ�?nbsp;<br>532&nbsp;鍌ㄥ瓨鏂囦歡闇�瑕佽處鎴風(fēng)櫥鍏ャ�?nbsp;<br>550&nbsp;鏈墽琛岃姹傜殑鎿嶄綔銆?nbsp;<br>551&nbsp;璇鋒眰鐨勫懡浠ょ粓姝紝綾誨瀷鏈煡銆?nbsp;<br>552&nbsp;璇鋒眰鐨勬枃浠剁粓姝紝鍌ㄥ瓨浣嶆孩鍑恒�?nbsp;<br>553&nbsp;鏈墽琛岃姹傜殑鐨勫懡浠わ紝鍚嶇О涓嶆紜�?img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109709.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 23:56 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109709.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>蹇�熷緩绔嬬畝鍗晇sftp </title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109694.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 12:37:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109694.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109694.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109694.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109694.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109694.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>浠婂ぉ涓�鍏徃鍚堜綔瀹朵紮璇磋浼犳枃浠剁粰鎴戜滑榪欙紝灝變竴鏂囨湰鏂囦歡闈炶姹備亢緇欎粬寮�涓猣tp,閮芥病鍒欎簡(jiǎn)錛屽彧鑳界粰寮�涓紝浠庢潵娌″紑榪囷紝鍦ㄧ綉緇滀笂鎼滅儲(chǔ)浜?jiǎn)涓媗inux涓嬪紑ftp鍙互鐢ㄨ嚜甯︾殑vsftp涔熷彲浠ョ敤杞歡寤轟竴涓紝鑰屼笖鍚vsftp涔熸尯涓嶉敊錛屽氨鎸夌綉緇滄暀紼嬩竴姝ユ鏉ヤ簡(jiǎn)錛岃繖閲屼富瑕佹槸鎬葷粨涓嬭嚜宸辯殑鍋氭硶錛屾瘯绔熶笉鏄瘡涓漢鍦ㄨ鎬ョ敤鏃跺�欒繕鍘葷湅涓�浜涙枃绔犵殑璇﹁В銆?br>1.鍏堢敤榪欏嚑涓懡浠ょ湅鐪嬫槸涓嶆槸vsftpd瀹夎姝ｅ父<br>#service
vsftpd start 鍚姩 <br>#service vsftpd stop 鍋滄<br>#service vsftpd restart 閲嶅惎<font face="Courier New"><font face="Courier New"><br>2.浠ヤ笂娌℃湁闂鐨勮瘽緙栬緫vsftpd鐨勯厤緗枃浠?br>[root@localhost /]# </font>vi
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf&nbsp;&nbsp; //榪欎釜鏂囦歡鐨勫叿浣撳唴瀹硅В閲婂彲浠ョ湅涓嬮潰&#8220;鍙傝�冩枃绔?#8221;絎竴涓摼鎺?br>3.<font face="Courier New">anonymous_enable=YES 鏀規(guī)垚NO #紱佹鍖垮悕璁塊棶</font><br>4.鍦?vsftpd.conf
涓壘鍒?<font face="Courier New">chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list鎶婃敞閲婂幓鎺夌劧鍚庡緩绔?br></font></font>/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list鏂囦歡錛屽湪鏂囦歡涓緭鍏inux緋葷粺涓殑涓�涓垨澶氫釜鐢ㄦ埛鍚?涓�琛屼竴涓?銆?br><br>娉細(xì)榪欎釜鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶆槸linux緋葷粺涓璻oot鐢ㄦ埛娣誨姞鐨勩�?br>[root@localhost
/]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
//榪欐牱闄愬埗鐢ㄦ埛涓嶈兘浣跨敤ssh鐧誨綍<br><br>5.鏇存敼ftp绔彛浠嶇劧鍦╲sftpd.conf鏂囦歡涓細(xì)<br><font face="Courier New">tcp_wrappers=YES<br>listen_port=2121&nbsp;&nbsp;
//鑷畾涔夌鍙ｅ彿錛岃寰椾笉瑕佷笌宸叉湁绔彛鍐茬獊<br>local_root=/server/apache/htdocs&nbsp;
//璁懼畾鐢ㄦ埛explorer榪炴帴ftp鏃跺�欐樉紺虹殑鐩綍<br></font>淇濆瓨閫�鍑虹紪杈戙�?br><br>6.<br>#service vsftpd
restart 閲嶅惎.鐒跺悗涓�涓埄鐢ㄧ郴緇熷凡鏈夌敤鎴峰悕鐧誨綍鐨刦tp灝卞紑閫氫簡(jiǎn)錛?br>娉細(xì)#service vsftpd start
鍛戒護(hù)鍙槸鍦╨inux寮�鍚悗鎵嬪姩寮�鍚痸sftpd鐨勫懡浠わ紝濡傛灉linux閲嶅惎錛岃繕瑕佷嬌鐢ㄨ鍛戒護(hù)閲嶆柊鍚姩銆?br>瑕佹兂寮�鏈哄惎鍔╲sftp鏈嶅姟錛氭墽琛宑hkconfig
--level 35 vsftpd on&nbsp;
(緗戠粶鏌ヨ鐨勬湭瀹炶返榪?<br><br>鍚庤錛?br>濡傛灉鏈夋椂闂寸爺絀跺氨澶氱湅鐪嬪緩绔嬭櫄鎷熺敤鎴烽偅閮ㄥ垎錛岃櫄鎷熺敤鎴風(fēng)浉姣旂郴緇熺敤鎴蜂篃璁鎬細(xì)鏇村畨鍏ㄤ簺錛屼篃紼嶅井澶嶆潅浜涖�?br><br>寮曠敤寤虹珛铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛錛?br>=====================================================</p>
<p><font size="2">[root@server root]# useradd vuser #鏂板緩涓�涓櫄鎷熺櫥闄嗘寚瀹氱殑鍙?<br>[root@server
root]# vi users.txt&nbsp; #铏氭嫙鍙瘋寖鏈竴琛岀敤鎴峰悕涓嬩竴琛屽瘑鐮?br>[root@server root]# db_load -T -t hash
-f users.txt /etc/vsftpd.login.db #鎶妘sers.txt鐨勫唴瀹瑰姞涓鴻櫄鎷熺敤鎴風(fēng)殑甯愬彿鍜屽瘑鐮?br>[root@server
root]# chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd.login.db #涓轟簡(jiǎn)瀹夊叏淇敼閲岄潰鐨勫唴瀹?br>[root@server root]# vi
/etc/pam.d/ftp&nbsp; #淇敼閲岄潰鐨勫唴瀹?浣夸箣涓庝笅闈㈢殑鐩稿悓<br>[root@server root]# more
/etc/pam.d/ftp<br>#%PAM-1.0<br>#auth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
/lib/security/pam_listfile.so item=user sense=allow file<br>=/etc/ftpusers
onerr=succeed<br>#auth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow
nullok<br>#auth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /lib/security/pam_shells.so<br>#account&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so<br>#session&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
/lib/security/pam_pwdb.so<br>auth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pam_userdb.so
db=/etc/vsftpd.login<br>account&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; required&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pam_userdb.so
db=/etc/vsftpd.login<br>鍐嶆淇敼/etc/vsftpd.conf,浣垮叾鍐呭涓巃nonymous鏈夊叧鐨勫叏閮ㄧ鐢?榪樻湁鍒氭墠鐨刢hroot涔熻鍒椾負(fù)紱佺敤,濡傛灉鎯崇敤鐨勮瘽淇濊瘉铏氭嫙鍙瘋兘甯哥殑鍓嶆彁涓嬪啀鍙﹁嫻嬭瘯,騫跺湪鏈�鍚庡姞鍏ヤ簩鍙ヨ瘽:</font></p>
<p><font size="2">guest_enable=YES</font></p>
<p><font size="2">guest_username=vuser&nbsp; 鎺ヤ笅鏉ュ氨鏄噸鍚痸sftpd</font></p>
<p><font size="2">[root@server root]# killall -HUP vsftpd&nbsp; #!<br>[root@server
root]# ftp localhost&nbsp; #嫻嬭瘯<br>Connected to server.redhat.org.cn.<br>220 Welcome
to linfeng's ftp server.<br>530 Please login with USER and PASS.<br>530 Please
login with USER and PASS.<br>KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication
type<br>Name (localhost:root): tom&nbsp;&nbsp; #铏氭嫙鍙?br>331 Please specify the
password.<br>Password:&nbsp;&nbsp; #铏氭嫙鍙穞om鐨勫瘑鐮?br>230 Login successful.&nbsp; #鎴愬姛<br>Remote
system type is UNIX.<br>Using binary mode to transfer files.<br>ftp&gt;
ls<br>227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,136,56)<br>150 Here comes the
directory listing.<br>226 Transfer done (but failed to open directory).&nbsp;&nbsp;
#鎬庝箞浼?xì)绂佹浜?jiǎn)鍛?鎯充竴涓嬩笂闈㈢殑,,鍛靛懙,榪欏氨鏄洜涓簐user鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬潈闄愬晩,鍙渶"chmod o+r
/home/vuser"閭ｅ彲嫻忚,浣嗕笉鍙笂浼?鍥犱負(fù)娌℃湁"w"浣?br></font></p>
<p>=====================================<br><br>緗戠粶鍙傝�冩枃绔狅細(xì)<br><font face="Courier New">http://www.bianceng.cn/OS/Linux/200706/3020.htm</font><br><font face="Courier New">http://www.shineblog.com/user2/24790/archives/2005/175940.shtml</font><br>榪欎袱綃囬兘姣旇緝璇︾粏銆?/p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109694.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 20:37 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109694.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>wu -ftp 瀹夎鍜岄厤緗?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109686.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 08:58:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109686.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109686.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109686.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109686.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109686.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[濡備綍閰嶇疆WU-FTP鏈嶅姟鍣?<br>鏈枃鍑?guó)檱? 浣滆�? (2001-06-27 08:10:01) <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦ㄤ紬澶氱殑緗戠粶搴旂敤涓紝FTP錛團(tuán)ile
Transfer porotocol錛夋湁鐫�闈炲父閲嶈鐨勫湴浣嶃�傚湪Internet涓竴 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
涓崄鍒嗛噸瑕佺殑璧勬簮灝辨槸杞歡璧勬簮銆傝�屽悇縐嶅悇鏍風(fēng)殑杞歡璧勬簮澶у鏁伴兘鏄斁鍦‵TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ腑鐨勩�傚彲浠ヨ錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
FTP涓嶹EB鏈嶅姟鍑犱箮鍗犳嵁浜?jiǎn)鏁翠釜Internet搴旂敤鐨?0%浠ヤ笂銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
FTP鏈嶅姟鍙互鏍規(guī)嵁鏈嶅姟瀵硅薄鐨勪笉鍚屽垎涓轟袱綾伙細(xì)涓�綾繪槸緋葷粺FTP鏈嶅姟鍣紝瀹冨彧鍏佽緋葷粺涓婄殑鍚堟硶鐢ㄦ埛浣跨敤錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 鍙︿竴綾繪槸鍖垮悕FTP鏈嶅姟鍣紝Anonymous
FTP Server錛屽畠浣跨敤浠諱綍浜洪兘鍙互鐧誨綍鍒癋TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鍘昏幏鍙栨枃浠躲�?<br>涓�銆侀�夋嫨鍜屽畨瑁匜TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ蔣浠?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
濡傛灉浣犲湪瀹夎LINUX緋葷粺鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鍦ㄩ�夋嫨鍚姩榪涚▼鐨勬椂鍊欓�夋嫨浜?#8220;ftpd&#8221;榪欎竴欏圭殑璇濓紝瀹夎瀹孡INUX緋葷粺鍚庯紝 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
瀹冨凡緇忓皢涓�涓粯璁ょ殑FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ畨瑁呭埌緋葷粺涓幓浜?jiǎn)銆傛垜浠凡緇忓彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ畠鏉ュ疄鐜扮郴緇烣TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鍔熻兘浜?jiǎn)銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鎴戜滑鍙渶鍦ㄦ鍩虹涓婃牴鎹垜浠殑闇�瑕佽繘琛屼竴浜涗釜鎬у寲璁懼畾灝卞彲浠ヤ簡(jiǎn)銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦ㄧ粷澶у鏁扮殑LINUX鍙戣鐗堟湰涓兘閫夌敤鐨勬槸WashingtonUniversity
FTP錛屽畠鏄竴涓憲鍚嶇殑FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ蔣浠訛紝 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 涓�鑸畝縐頒負(fù)wu-ftp銆傚畠鍔熻兘寮哄ぇ錛岃兘澶熷緢濂藉湴榪愯浜庝紬澶氱殑UNIX鎿嶄綔緋葷粺錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)IBM
AIX銆丗reeBSD銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
HP-UX銆丯eXTstep銆丏ynix銆丼unOS銆丼olaris絳夈�傛墍浠nternet涓婄殑FTP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�澶у崐浠ヤ笂閲囩敤浜?jiǎn)瀹冦�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
wu-ftp鎷ユ湁璁稿寮哄ぇ鐨勫姛鑳斤紝寰堥�備簬鍚炲悙閲忚緝澶х殑FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑綆＄悊瑕佹眰錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 1錛?鍙互鍦ㄧ敤鎴蜂笅杞芥枃浠剁殑鍚屾椂瀵規(guī)枃浠跺仛鑷姩鐨?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍘嬬緝鎴栬В鍘嬬緝鎿嶄綔錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 2錛?鍙互瀵逛笉鍚岀綉緇滀笂鐨勬満鍣ㄥ仛涓嶅悓鐨勫瓨鍙栭檺鍒訛紱 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 3錛?鍙互璁板綍鏂囦歡涓婅澆鍜屼笅杞芥椂闂達(dá)紱 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
4錛?鍙互鏄劇ず浼犺緭鏃剁殑鐩稿叧淇℃伅錛屾柟渚跨敤鎴峰強(qiáng)鏃朵簡(jiǎn) <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;瑙ｇ洰鍓嶇殑浼犺緭鍔ㄦ�侊紱 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 5錛?鍙互璁劇疆鏈�澶ц繛鎺ユ暟錛屾彁楂樹簡(jiǎn)鏁堢巼錛屾湁鏁堝湴鎺?
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍒朵簡(jiǎn)璐熻澆銆?<br>浜屻�亀u-ftp鐨勭粍鎴?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀹夎浜?jiǎn)wu-ftp鍚庯紝浣犲皢鍦?bin鐩綍涓嬬湅鍒頒互涓嬩簲涓彲鎵ц鏂囦歡錛?
<br>ftpd&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ▼搴?<br>ftpshut&nbsp; &nbsp; 鐢ㄤ簬鍏抽棴FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ▼搴?<br>ftpcount&nbsp;
&nbsp;鏄劇ず鐩墠鍦ㄧ嚎浜烘暟&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>ftpwho&nbsp; &nbsp; 鏌ョ湅鐩墠FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑榪炴帴鎯呭喌 <br>ckconfig&nbsp; &nbsp;媯�(gè)鏌TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑璁劇疆鏄惁姝ｇ‘ <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
闄や簡(jiǎn)榪欎簺鍙墽琛屾枃浠朵互澶栵紝瀹冭繕鍦?etc鍜?var鐩綍涓嬬敓鎴愪簡(jiǎn)涓冧釜閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛?<br>/etc/ftpusers <br>/etc/ftpaccess
<br>/var/run/ftp.pids <br>/etc/ftpconversions <br>/var/log/xferlog
<br>/etc/ftpgroups <br>/etc/ftphosts <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
緋葷粺瀹夎浜?jiǎn)wu-ftp鍚庯紝浼?xì)寰忕珛涓�涓壒孌婄殑鐢ㄦ埛ftp錛屽茍鍦?home鐩綍涓嬪緩绔嬩簡(jiǎn)涓�涓猣tpd鐩綍錛屽綋鐢ㄦ埛浠ュ尶鍚?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鐧誨綍涓婃潵鏃訛紝灝嗕細(xì)鑷姩瀹氫綅浜庤繖涓洰褰曚笅銆傚湪榪欎釜鐩綍涓嬩竴鑸細(xì)寤虹珛鍑犱釜瀛愮洰褰曘�?<br>/home/ftpd/bin&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀛樻斁涓�浜涗緵FTP鐢ㄦ埛浣跨敤鐨勫彲 <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;鎵ц鏂囦歡 <br>/home/ftpd/etc&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀛樻斁涓�浜涗緵FTP鐢ㄦ埛浣跨敤鐨勯厤緗?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;鏂囦歡 <br>/home/ftpd/pub&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀛樻斁渚涗笅杞界殑淇℃伅 <br>/home/ftpd/incoming&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀛樻斁渚涗笂杞戒俊鎭殑絀洪棿
<br>涓夈�亀u-ftp鐨勯厤緗?<br>1. 鏌ョ湅銆佷慨鏀?etc/inetd.conf鏂囦歡 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
/etc/inetd.conf鏂囦歡鏄疞INUX緋葷粺鐨勮秴綰ф湇鍔″櫒inetd鐨勯厤緗枃浠躲�傚畠璐熻矗鐩戝惉澶氫釜TCP/IP绔彛銆傚綋瀹冩敹鍒?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
璇鋒眰錛屽氨鏍規(guī)嵁閰嶇疆鏂囦歡媧劇敓涓�涓浉搴旂殑鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ�傞�氳繃浣跨敤瓚呯駭鏈嶅姟鍣紝鍏朵粬鏈嶅姟灝卞彲浠ュ彧鍦ㄩ渶瑕佹椂鎵嶆淳鐢燂紝 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
浠庤�屽ぇ澶ц妭鐪佷簡(jiǎn)緋葷粺璧勬簮銆傝�寃u-ftp灝辨槸鍒╃敤瓚呮瀬鏈嶅姟鍣╥netd鏉ョ洃鍚姹傜殑銆傚綋瓚呯駭鏈嶅姟鍣╥netd鏀跺埌浜?jiǎn)瀹?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鎴風(fēng)鐨凢TP璇鋒眰鏃訛紝灝辨牴鎹厤緗枃浠舵墦寮�涓�涓狥TP鏈嶅姟榪涚▼銆傛墍浠ユ垜浠鏋滆浣跨敤wu-ftp錛屽氨蹇呴』紜鍦ㄨ秴綰?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鏈嶅姟鍣╥netd鐨勯厤緗枃浠秈netd.conf涓湁榪欐牱涓�鍙ワ細(xì) <br>ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd
wu.ftpd <br>浠ヤ究褰撹秴綰ф湇鍔″櫒鏀跺埌FTP璇鋒眰鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鑳藉媧劇敓涓�涓獁u-ftp鐨凢TP鏈嶅姟榪涚▼銆傦紙娉細(xì)瑕佺‘璁ゆ槸鍚︽湁榪欐牱涓�琛屾椂錛?
<br>鍙互浣跨敤鏂囦歡鍐呭鏌ユ壘鍛戒護(hù)鏉ョ‘璁わ細(xì) <br>cat /etc/inetd.conf | grep ftp&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>濡傛灉娌℃湁錛屽垯鐢ㄦ墜宸ュ姞鍏ユ垨鎵嬪伐淇敼銆?
<br>2. wu-ftpd鐨勫懡浠ら�夐」 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
wu-ftpd灝辨槸wu-ftp鐨勬湇鍔¤繘紼嬨�傚畠鍙互涓嶅甫鍙傛暟鎵ц錛屼篃鍙互甯﹀弬鏁版墽琛屻�備笅闈㈢畝鍗曚粙緇嶄竴涓媤u-ftpd鐨勬墽 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 琛屽弬鏁般�?
<br>-d&nbsp;&nbsp;褰揊TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ嚭閿欐椂錛屽皢閿欒鍏ョ郴緇熺殑syslog涓紱 <br>-l&nbsp;&nbsp;灝嗘瘡嬈TP瀹㈡埛绔繘琛岃繛鎺ョ殑鍏ョ郴緇熺殑syslog涓紱
<br>-t&nbsp;&nbsp;璁劇疆FTP瀹㈡埛绔繛鎺ュ嚑鍒嗛挓鏃犳搷浣滃氨鍒囨柇榪炴帴錛?<br>-a&nbsp;&nbsp;浣縲u-ftp浣跨敤/etc/ftpaccess鐨勮瀹氾紱
<br>-A&nbsp;&nbsp;浣縲u-ftp涓嶄嬌鐢?etc/ftpaccess鐨勮瀹氾紱 <br>-L&nbsp;&nbsp;灝咶TP瀹㈡埛绔繛綰垮悗鎵�鎵ц鐨勭▼搴忚褰曞湪緋葷粺鐨?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
syslog涓紱 <br>-I&nbsp;&nbsp;灝咶TP瀹㈡埛绔笂杞芥枃浠剁殑鏃ュ織璁板綍鍦?usr/adm.xferlog鏂囦歡涓紱 <br>-o&nbsp;&nbsp;灝咶TP瀹㈡埛绔笅杞芥枃浠剁殑鏃ュ織璁板綍
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦?usr/adm/xferlog鏂囦歡涓�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 閫氳繃瀵逛互涓婂弬鏁扮殑鐞嗚В錛屾垜浠緩璁紝灝嗕笂闈㈢郴緇熷畨瑁呮椂鐨勯偅鏉￠粯璁ら厤緗敼涓猴細(xì) <br>ftp
stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd wu.ftpd &#8211;a &#8211;I&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>3.鎻愪緵鑷姩鍘嬬緝銆佽В鍘嬬緝鐨勫姛鑳?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
濡傛灉鎯寵FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ湁鑷姩鍘嬬緝銆佽В鍘嬬緝鐨勫姛鑳斤紝蹇呴』鍏堝皢涓�浜涘帇緙┿�佽В鍘嬬緝鐨勫懡浠ゆ枃浠跺tar銆乬zip銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
gunzip銆乧ompress銆乽ncompress絳夊懡浠ゆ枃浠舵嫹璐濆埌/home/ftpd/bin鐩綍涓嬨�?<br>4. 鍏充簬/etc/ftpaccess鐨勮緗?
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 榪欎釜閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鏄疐TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鏈�閲嶈鐨勯厤緗枃浠訛紝瀹冪洿鎺ュ叧緋誨埌浣犵殑FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ兘鍚︽甯稿伐浣滐紝榪樻湁璁稿鏉?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
闄愪笂鐨勮緗�備笅闈㈡槸涓�涓吀鍨嬬殑閰嶇疆瀹炰緥銆?<br>loginfails 3 <br>class&nbsp;&nbsp;local&nbsp; &nbsp; real&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;*
<br>class&nbsp;&nbsp;remote&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous guest&nbsp;&nbsp;*
<br>limit&nbsp;&nbsp;remote&nbsp;&nbsp;100&nbsp;&nbsp;Any&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/toomany.msg
<br>message&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/welcome.msg&nbsp;&nbsp;login <br>compress&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;local remote
<br>tar&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;local remote <br>private&nbsp;&nbsp;yes <br>passwd-check&nbsp;&nbsp;rfc822&nbsp;&nbsp;warn
<br>log commands&nbsp;&nbsp;real <br>log transfer&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous guest&nbsp;&nbsp;inbound outbound
<br>log transfer&nbsp;&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;inbound <br>shutdown&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/shut.msg
<br>delete&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous,guest <br>overwrite&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous,guest
<br>rename&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous <br>chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous,guest
<br>umask&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous <br>upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;no
<br>upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/bin&nbsp;&nbsp;no <br>upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc&nbsp;&nbsp;no
<br>upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/pub&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;0644 dirs
<br>upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/incoming&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;real guest anonymous 0644 dirs
<br>alias&nbsp;&nbsp;in&nbsp;&nbsp;/incoming <br>email&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><a  href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#103;&#117;&#101;&#115;&#116;&#64;&#120;&#120;&#120;&#46;&#110;&#101;&#116;">guest@xxx.net</a><br><br>email&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><a  href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#103;&#117;&#101;&#115;&#116;&#64;&#121;&#121;&#121;&#46;&#110;&#101;&#116;">guest@yyy.net</a><br><br>deny&nbsp;&nbsp;*.com.tw&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/deny.msg
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 涓嬮潰鎴戜滑閫愬彞榪涜璁茶В錛屽茍緇欏嚭姣忔潯璁劇疆鐨勫惈涔夛紝浠ヤ究澶у瑙︾被鏃侀�氾紝浠ヤ究鏍規(guī)嵁鑷繁FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鍏蜂綋 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 鎯呭喌榪涜鍚堢悊鐨勮緗�?<br>1錛?
鏍煎紡錛歭oginfails&nbsp;&nbsp;[嬈℃暟] <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳瀹氬綋鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鍒癋TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ椂錛屽厑璁哥敤鎴瘋緭閿欏瘑鐮佺殑嬈℃暟銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歭oginfails
3錛氬瘑鐮佽緭鍏ラ敊璇笁嬈″氨鍒囨柇榪炴帴銆?<br>2錛?鏍煎紡錛歝lass&nbsp;&nbsp;[綾誨悕]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/guest/anonymous]&nbsp;&nbsp;[IP鍦板潃] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳繖涓寚浠ょ殑鍔熻兘璁懼畾FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭被鍒�傚茍鍙瀹㈡埛绔殑IP鍦板潃榪涜闄愬埗錛屽厑璁告煇閮ㄥ垎鐨?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;IP鍦板潃鎴栧叏閮ㄧ殑IP鍦板潃璁塊棶銆傝�屽湪FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨勭敤鎴峰熀鏈笂鍙互鍒嗕負(fù)浠ヤ笅涓夌被錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;鍦ㄨFTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ湁鍚堟硶甯愬彿鐨勭敤鎴鳳紱
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;guest&nbsp;&nbsp;鏈夎褰曠殑鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;anonymous&nbsp;&nbsp;鏉冮檺鏈�浣庣殑鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛 <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歝lass&nbsp;&nbsp;local&nbsp;&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;*錛氬畾涔変竴涓悕涓簂ocal鐨勭被錛屽畠鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)鍦ㄤ恢M綍鍦版柟鐧誨綍(*浠ｈ〃鎵�鏈塈P鍦板潃錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鐨剅eal鐢ㄦ埛銆?
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;class&nbsp;&nbsp;remote&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous guest&nbsp;&nbsp;*:瀹氫箟涓�涓悕涓簉emote鐨勭被錛屽畠鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)鍦ㄤ恢M綍鍦版柟鐧誨綍鐨刟nonymous
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;鐢ㄦ埛鍜実uest鐢ㄦ埛銆?<br>3錛?鏍煎紡錛歭imit&nbsp;&nbsp;[綾誨埆]&nbsp;&nbsp;[浜烘暟]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏃墮棿]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏂囦歡鍚峕 <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳繖涓寚浠ょ殑鍔熻兘涓鴻緗寚瀹氱殑鏃墮棿鍐呮寚瀹氱殑綾誨埆鍏佽榪炴帴鐨勬寚瀹氫漢鏁頒笂闄愩�傚綋杈懼埌浜烘暟涓婇檺鐨勬椂鍊欙紝 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鏄劇ず鎸囧畾鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹廣�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
瀹炰緥錛歭imit&nbsp;&nbsp;remote&nbsp;&nbsp;100&nbsp;&nbsp;Any&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/toomany.msg錛氬湪浠諱綍鏃墮棿鍐咃紝remote綾葷殑璁塊棶鐢ㄦ埛杈?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp; 鍒?00浜烘椂錛屽皢涓嶅啀鍏佽鏃犳硶浜х敓鏂扮殑榪炴帴錛屽綋絎?01浣嶅鎴瘋榪炴帴鏃訛紝榪炴帴灝嗗け璐ワ紝騫惰薄鐢ㄦ埛鍑虹ず鏂?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
浠?etc/ftpd/toomany.msg鐨勫唴瀹廣�?<br>4錛?鏍煎紡錛歮essage&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏂囦歡鍚嶇О]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鎸囦護(hù)]&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氬綋鐢ㄦ埛鎵ц鎵�鎸囧畾鐨勬寚浠ゆ椂錛岀郴緇熷皢鎸囧畾鐨勬枃浠跺唴瀹規(guī)樉紺哄嚭鏉ャ�?
<br>瀹炰緥錛歮essage&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/welcome.msg&nbsp;&nbsp;login錛氬綋鐢ㄦ埛鎵цlogin鍛戒護(hù)鏃訛紝涔熷氨鏄櫥褰曞埌FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨勬椂鍊欙紝
<br>緋葷粺灝嗘樉紺烘枃浠?etc/ftpd/welcome.msg鐨勫唴瀹廣�?<br>5錛?鏍煎紡錛歝ompress&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[綾誨埆]&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗摢涓�涓被鍒殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙互浣跨敤compress錛堝帇緙╋級(jí)鍔熻兘銆?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歝ompress&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;local
remote錛氬厑璁竘ocal鍜宺emote涓や釜綾誨埆鐨勭敤鎴烽兘鑳戒嬌鐢?nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;compress(鍘嬬緝)鍔熻兘銆?<br>6錛?
鏍煎紡錛歵ar&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[綾誨埆]&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗摢涓�涓被鍒殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙互浣跨敤tar錛堝綊妗ｏ級(jí)鍔熻兘銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
瀹炰緥錛歵ar&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;local remote錛氬厑璁竘ocal鍜宺emote涓ょ被鐨勭敤鎴烽兘鑳戒嬌鐢╰ar鍔熻兘銆?<br>7錛?
鏍煎紡錛歱rivate&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳瀹氭槸鍚︽敮鎸佺兢緇勫鏂囦歡鐨勫彇鐢ㄣ�?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歱rivate&nbsp;&nbsp;yes錛氭敮鎸佺兢緇勫鏂囦歡鐨勫彇鐢ㄣ�?<br>8錛?
鏍煎紡錛歱asswd-check&nbsp;&nbsp;[none/trivial/rfc822]&nbsp;&nbsp;[enforce/warn] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳瀹氬鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛anonymous鐨勫瘑鐮佷嬌鐢ㄦ柟寮忋�?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;none&nbsp; &nbsp;琛ㄧず涓嶅仛瀵嗙爜楠岃瘉錛屼換浣曞瘑鐮侀兘鍙互鐧誨綍錛?<br>trival&nbsp;
&nbsp;琛ㄧず鍙杈撳叆鐨勫瘑鐮佷腑鍚湁瀛楃&#8220;@&#8221;灝卞彲浠ョ櫥褰曪紱 <br>rfc822&nbsp;&nbsp;琛ㄧず瀵嗙爜涓�瀹氳絎﹀悎RFC822涓墍瑙勫畾鐨凟-Mail鏍煎紡鎵嶈兘鐧誨綍錛?
<br>enfore&nbsp;&nbsp;琛ㄧず杈撳叆鐨勫瘑鐮佷笉絎﹀悎浠ヤ笂鎸囧畾鐨勬牸寮忓氨涓嶈鐧誨綍錛?<br>warn&nbsp; &nbsp;琛ㄧず瀵嗙爜涓嶇鍚堣瀹氭椂鍙嚭鐜拌鍛婁俊鎭紝浠嶇劧鑳藉鐧誨綍銆?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歱asswd-check&nbsp;&nbsp;rfc822&nbsp;&nbsp;warn錛氬笇鏈涜兘澶熷緱鍒扮鍚堣瀹氱殑E-Mail浣滀負(fù)瀵嗙爜錛屼絾濡傛灉涓嶆槸錛屼篃鍏佽鐧誨綍銆?<br>9錛?
鏍煎紡錛歭og command [real/guest/anonymous]&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鍔熻兘錛氳緗摢浜涚敤鎴風(fēng)櫥褰曞悗鐨勬搷浣滆褰曞湪鏂囦歡/usr/adm/xferlog涓�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 瀹炰緥錛歭og command
real錛氬綋real鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鍚庯紝灝嗕粬鐨勬搷浣滆褰曚笅鏉ャ�傜敱浜庡叾瀹冪敤鎴鋒潈闄愯緝浣庯紝鎵�浠ユ搷浣滀笉 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp; 浼?xì)寮曡捣澶ぇ鐨勫畨鍏ㄩ殣鎮(zhèn)ｅQ屾墍浠ヤ竴鑸彧闇�璁頒笅real鐢?
<br>鎴風(fēng)殑鎿嶄綔灝卞彲浠ヤ簡(jiǎn)銆?<br>10錛?鏍煎紡錛歭og
transfers&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/guest/anonymous]&nbsp;&nbsp;[inbound/outbound] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗摢浜涚敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓婅澆錛坕nbound錛夊拰涓嬭澆錛坥utbound錛夋搷浣滃仛鏃ュ織銆?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歭og transfer&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous
guest&nbsp;&nbsp;inbound outbound錛氬浜庡尶鍚嶇敤鎴瘋鏇村姞鐨勫叧娉ㄥ畠浠殑鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔錛?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鎵�浠ユ棤璁轟笂杞姐�佷笅杞介兘榪涜璁板綍銆?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;log
transfer&nbsp;&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;inbound錛氬浜庡悎娉曠敤鎴峰垯鍙褰曚粬鐨勪笂杞借褰曘�?<br>11錛?鏍煎紡錛歴hutdown&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏂囦歡鍚峕 <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛欶TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ叧闂殑鏃墮棿鍙互璁劇疆鍦ㄥ悗闈㈡墍鎸囧畾鐨勬枃浠朵腑錛屽綋璁劇疆鐨勬椂闂翠竴鍒幫紝渚挎棤娉曠櫥褰旻TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ簡(jiǎn)錛?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瑕佹仮澶嶇殑璇濆彧鏈夊皢榪欎釜鏂囦歡鍒犳帀銆傝�岃繖涓枃浠跺繀 欏葷敱鎸囦護(hù)/bin/ftpshut鏉ョ敓鎴愩�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;
瀹炰緥錛歴hutdown&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/shut.msg <br>12錛?
鏍煎紡錛歞elete&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/anonymous/guest] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗槸鍚﹀厑璁告寚瀹氱敤鎴蜂嬌鐢╠elete鍛戒護(hù)鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡銆傞粯璁ゆ槸鍏佽銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歞elete&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous,guest錛氫負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞咶TP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�鑸儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠笉鍏佽鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛鎵ц <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;delete鍛戒護(hù)銆?
<br>13錛?鏍煎紡錛歰verwrite&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/anonymous/guest] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗槸鍚﹀厑璁告寚瀹氱敤鎴瘋鐩栧悓鍚嶆枃浠躲�傞粯璁ゆ槸鍏佽銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歰verwrite&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous,guest錛氫負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞咶TP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�鑸儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠笉鍏佽鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛瑕?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鐩栧悓鍚嶆枃浠躲�?
<br>14錛?鏍煎紡錛歳ename&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/anonymous/guest] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗槸鍚﹀厑璁告寚瀹氱敤鎴蜂嬌鐢╮ename鍛戒護(hù)鏉ヤ負(fù)鏂囦歡鏀瑰悕銆傞粯璁ゆ槸鍏佽銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歞elete&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous錛氫負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞咶TP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�鑸儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠笉鍏佽鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛鎵цrename鍛?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;浠ゆ敼鍙樻枃浠跺悕銆傝�屽鏈夎褰曠殑鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛鍒欓�傚綋鐨勬斁瀹斤紝鍏佽浠栦滑浣跨敤鏀瑰悕鍛戒護(hù)銆?<br>15錛?
鏍煎紡錛歝hmod&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/anonymous/guest] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗槸鍚﹀厑璁告寚瀹氱敤鎴蜂嬌鐢╟hmod鍛戒護(hù)鏇存敼鏂囦歡鏉冮檺銆傞粯璁ゆ槸鍏佽銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歞elete&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous錛実uest錛氫負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞咶TP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�鑸儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠笉鍏佽鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛鎵ц <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;chmod鍛戒護(hù)鏇存敼鏂囦歡鏉冮檺銆?<br>16錛?鏍煎紡錛歶mask&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[real/anonymous/guest] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳緗槸鍚﹀厑璁告寚瀹氱敤鎴蜂嬌鐢╱mask鍛戒護(hù)銆傞粯璁ゆ槸鍏佽銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歞elete&nbsp;&nbsp;no&nbsp;&nbsp;anonymous錛氫負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞咶TP鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓�鑸儏鍐典笅錛屾垜浠笉鍏佽鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛鎵цumask鍛戒護(hù)銆?<br>17錛?
鏍煎紡錛歶pload&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏍圭洰褰昡&nbsp;&nbsp;[涓婅澆鐩綍]&nbsp;&nbsp;[yes/no]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鐢ㄦ埛]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鏉冮檺]&nbsp;&nbsp;[dirs/nodirs] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氬鍙互涓婅澆鐨勭洰褰曡繘琛屾洿鍔犺緇嗙殑璁劇疆銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歶pload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;no錛氳〃紺哄湪瀛愮洰褰?home/ftpd涓嬩笉鍏佽涓婅澆錛?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/bin&nbsp;&nbsp;no錛氳〃紺哄湪瀛愮洰褰?home/ftpd/bin涓嬩笉鍏佽涓婅澆錛?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc&nbsp;&nbsp;no錛氳〃紺哄湪瀛愮洰褰?home/ftpd/etc涓嬩笉鍏佽涓婅澆錛?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/pub&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;real&nbsp;&nbsp;0644 dirs錛氬厑璁哥敤鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨勫悎娉曠敤鎴峰湪瀛愮洰褰?home/ftpd/pub鐩綍
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;涓嬭兘涓婅澆鏉冮檺涓?644(涔熷氨鏄?rw-r--r--)鐨勬枃浠訛紝鑰屼笖鍦ㄨ繖涓洰褰曚笅鍙互鏂板緩瀛愮洰褰曘�?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;upload&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd&nbsp;&nbsp;/incoming&nbsp;&nbsp;yes&nbsp;&nbsp;real guest anonymous 0644
dirs錛氬厑璁告墍鏈夌殑鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄥ瓙鐩綍 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;/home/ftpd/incoming涓嬭兘涓婅澆鏉冮檺涓?644鐨勬枃浠訛紝鑰屼笖鍦ㄨ繖涓洰褰曚笅鍙互鏂板緩瀛愮洰褰曘�?
<br>18錛?鏍煎紡錛歛lias&nbsp;&nbsp;[鐩綍鍒悕]&nbsp;&nbsp;[鐩綍鍚峕 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氱粰鎸囧畾鐩綍璁劇疆涓�涓埆鍚嶏紝鍦ㄥ垏鎹㈢洰褰曟椂灝卞彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄨ緝鐭殑鐩綍鍒悕銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歛lias&nbsp;&nbsp;inc錛?/incoming錛氫負(fù)瀛愮洰褰昳ncoming璁劇疆涓�涓埆鍚峣nc錛氥�?<br>19錛?
鏍煎紡錛歟mail&nbsp;&nbsp;[guest鐨凟-Mail鍦板潃] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氬彧瑕佸皢鏌愪簺E-Mail鍦板潃璁劇疆鍦ㄨ繖涓湴鏂癸紝閭ｄ箞榪欎簺鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鍒癋TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ椂錛屼粬鐨勮韓浠藉皢涓篻uest錛屼竴鑸潈 <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;闄愭瘮real浣庝竴浜涳紝姣攁nonymous楂樸�?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歟mail <br><a  href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#103;&#117;&#101;&#115;&#116;&#64;&#120;&#120;&#120;&#46;&#110;&#101;&#116;">guest@xxx.net</a><br>&nbsp; &nbsp;email <br><a  href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#103;&#117;&#101;&#115;&#116;&#64;&#121;&#121;&#121;&#46;&#110;&#101;&#116;">guest@yyy.net</a><br>錛氳繖閲屼粎鏄竴涓ず渚嬶紝瀹為檯涓婂彲&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;浠ュ寘鍚涓鍚堣鑼?
<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;鐨凟-Mail鍦板潃銆?<br>20錛?鏍煎紡錛歞eny&nbsp;&nbsp;[IP鍦板潃/鍩熷悕]&nbsp;&nbsp;[璇存槑鏂囦歡] <br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鍔熻兘錛氳繖涓緗彲浠ラ檺鍒跺摢涓�浜汭P鍦板潃鎴栧煙鍚嶇殑鐢ㄦ埛鏃犳硶鐧誨叆FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ�?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;瀹炰緥錛歞eny&nbsp;&nbsp;*.com.tw&nbsp;&nbsp;/etc/ftpd/deny.msg錛氳緗嚒鏄煙鍚嶆槸浠?#8220;.com.tw&#8221;緇撴潫鐨勫煙鍚嶏紝閮界姝㈠叾璁塊棶銆?<br>&nbsp;
&nbsp;鑰屽皢/etc/ftpd/deny.msg鐨勫唴瀹規(guī)樉紺虹粰鐢ㄦ埛鐪嬨�?<br>5. 璁劇疆/etc/ftpuser,紱佹鏌愪簺鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
鏈夋椂鎴戜滑闇�瑕佺姝竴浜涚敤鎴蜂嬌鐢‵TP鏈嶅姟銆傚叾瀹炶繖涓緗槸鍗佸垎綆�鍗曠殑錛屽彧闇�瑕佸皢瑕佺姝㈢殑鐢ㄦ埛甯愬彿鍐欏叆鏂囦歡 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
/etc/ftpuser涓�傜敱浜庝粠緋葷粺鐨勫畨鍏ㄨ�冭檻錛屼竴鑸垜浠槸涓嶅笇鏈涙潈闄愯繃澶х殑鐢ㄦ埛鍜屼竴浜涗笌鍛戒護(hù)鍚嶇浉鍚岀殑鐢ㄦ埛榪涘叆 <br>&nbsp; &nbsp;
FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ�傛墍浠ュ湪緙虹渷鐨勯厤緗腑錛屼竴鑸互涓嬬敤鎴峰凡緇忚鍒楀叆浜?#8220;榛戝悕鍗?#8221;銆?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp; &nbsp;<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;uucp <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;news <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;bin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;adm <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;nobody <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;lp <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;sync <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;shutdown <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;halt <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;mail&nbsp;
&nbsp;<br>6. 璁劇疆/etc/ftphosts,紱佹鏌愪簺鏉ヨ嚜鎸囧畾鏈哄櫒涓婄殑鐧誨綍濡傛灉浣犻渶瑕佹嫆緇濇潵鑷煇浜涗富鏈虹殑鐧誨綍錛屼竴縐嶆柟娉曞氨鏄湪
<br>/etc/ftpaccess涓緗甦eny鍛戒護(hù)錛屽彟涓�縐嶆洿鍔犵畝鍗曠殑鏂規(guī)硶灝辨槸鍦?etc/ftphosts涓啓鍏ヤ綘瑕佺姝㈢殑涓繪満鐨処P鍦板潃鎴栧煙鍚嶃�?<br>7.
浣挎柊鐨勯厤緗敓鏁?<br>鍒版涓烘錛屾垜浠凡緇忚兘澶熸牴鎹嚜宸辯殑闇�瑕佸FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ厤緗繘琛屽繀瑕佺殑淇敼鍜岃皟鏁淬�傝�岃鎴戜滑閲嶆柊閰嶇疆鍚庯紝灝卞繀欏諱嬌鍏?
<br>鐢熸晥銆備竴鑸殑錛屽/etc/ftpaccess鐨勯厤緗槸鐩存帴浣滅敤浜庤緗悗鐨勪笅涓�嬈TP鏈嶅姟榪涚▼銆傝�屽叾瀹冪殑鍒欒瀵筰netd榪涚▼閲嶆柊 <br>鍚姩銆?
<br>5.4 wu-ftp鐩稿叧鐨勫叾浠栦竴浜涘懡浠ょ殑浣跨敤 <br>5.4.1 榪炴帴鏁扮粺璁″懡浠tpcount
<br>鎴戜滑鍙互浣跨敤ftpcount鍛戒護(hù)鍗佸垎娓呮鍦扮粺璁″嚭褰撳墠榪炴帴鍒癋TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨勭敤鎴鋒暟鐩紝騫朵笖鍚屾椂鍒楀嚭涓婇檺銆傚懡浠よ緭鍑?<br>濡備笅鎵�紺猴細(xì)
<br>Service class local&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Users(20maximum) <br>Service class
remote&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; 5&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Users(100maximum) <br>5.4.2 鍦ㄧ嚎鐢ㄦ埛鏌ョ湅鍛戒護(hù)ftpwho
<br>鎴戜滑鍙互浣跨敤ftpwho鍛戒護(hù)鍗佸垎娓呮鍦板垪鍑哄綋鍓嶈繛鎺ョ殑鐢ㄦ埛鐨勮緇嗘儏鍐點(diǎn)�?<br>5.4.2 FTP鍏抽棴鏂囦歡鐢熸垚鍛戒護(hù)ftpshut
<br>鎴戜滑鍙互浣跨敤ftpshut鍛戒護(hù)鐢熸垚涓�涓湪/etc/ftpaccess涓緗殑shut.msg鏂囦歡錛岀敤浜庡叧鏈鴻瀹氥�俧tpshut鍛戒護(hù)鐨勬牸寮忎負(fù)錛?
<br>Ftpshut&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;time&nbsp; &nbsp;<br>-l&nbsp; &nbsp;榪欎釜鍙傛暟璁懼畾鍦ㄥ叧闂璅TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ姛鑳藉墠澶氬皯鍒嗛挓鏃跺仠姝㈢敤鎴風(fēng)殑榪炴帴錛?<br>-d&nbsp;
&nbsp;榪欎釜鍙傛暟璁懼畾鍦ㄥ叧闂璅TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ姛鑳藉墠澶氬皯鍒嗛挓鏃跺垏鏂敤鎴瘋繛鎺ワ紱 <br>time
鎸囧畾鍏抽棴FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鏃墮棿銆備緥濡?錛?0鍒嗗垯鍐欎負(fù)0620錛?nbsp;&nbsp;<br>(<br><a   target="_blank">http://www.fanqiang.com</a><br>)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;榪涘叆銆怳NIX璁哄潧銆?nbsp; <br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109686.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 16:58 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109686.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>VSFTPD瀹樻柟璧勬枡緲昏瘧鐗堬紙涓嶅畬鏁寸増錛?--</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109685.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 08:55:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109685.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109685.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109685.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109685.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109685.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<font face="騫煎渾">緲昏瘧浜?jiǎn)閮ㄥ垎VSFTPD鐨勫畼鏂硅祫鏂欍�?br>鏈変簺鐭ラ亾鏄粈涔堟剰鎬濓紝浣嗛毦浜庣炕璇戙�傛湁浜涙秹鍙?qiáng)涓撲笟鐨勭煡璇嗗Q屾垜鑷繁涔熶笉鎳傦紝鍙ソ鎸夊瓧闈㈢炕璇戙�傛湁浜涙垜鑷繁鐪嬩笉鎳傦紝鍙ソ灝介噺緲昏瘧銆?br>濡傛灉鐪嬩簡(jiǎn)鍏朵腑涓�閮ㄥ垎瑙夊緱緋婃秱錛岃鍙傞槄瀹樻柟鏂囨尅銆?br>瀹夎綃?
<br>=============== <br>榪欎釜鏂囦歡璇︾粏浠嬬粛浜?jiǎn)濡備綍浠嶸SFTPD鐨?tar.gz鍒嗗彂鍖呭紑濮嬶紝寤虹珛鍜屽畨瑁呭茍榪愯VSFTPD銆?
<br><br><font color="fuchsia">1</font><font color="fuchsia">錛夊緩绔媀SFTPD
</font><br>鍏堣繘鍏ヨВ鍘?tar.gz鏂囦歡鍚庝駭鐢熺殑鐩綍鍐呫�傚涓嬶細(xì) <br>cd vsftpd-2.0.1
<br><br>緙栬緫"builddefs.h"浠ユ搷浣渃ompile-time璁懼畾銆傦紙tcp_wrappers
build,絳夛級(jí)<br>杈撳叆make,鍥炶濺錛堝鏋滃畠涓嶅伐浣滆鍙戦偖浠墮�氱煡鎴?. <br>榪欏皢浜х敓涓�涓簩榪涘埗鏂囦歡錛屼綘鍙互楠岃瘉涓�涓嬨�傚涓嬶細(xì)
<br>[chris@localhost vsftpd]$ ls -l vsftpd <br>-rwxrwxr-x 1 chris chris 61748
Sep 27 00:26 vsftpd <br><br><font color="fuchsia">2</font><font color="fuchsia">錛夋弧瓚砎SFTPD瀹夎鎵�闇�鐨勪竴浜涙潯浠?
</font><br>VSFTPD榛樿璁劇疆闇�瑕佷竴涓?nobody"鐢ㄦ埛錛屽鏋滆繖涓敤鎴蜂笉瀛樺湪錛岄偅涔堟坊鍔犲畠銆傚涓嬶細(xì) <br>[root@localhost
root]# useradd nobody <br>useradd: user nobody exists
<br><br>VSFTPD榛樿璁劇疆闇�瑕佷竴涓┖鐩綍錛?usr/share/empty.澧炲姞榪欎釜鐩綍錛屽鏋滃畠榪樹笉瀛樺湪鐨勮瘽銆傚涓嬶細(xì)
<br>[root@localhost root]# mkdir /usr/share/empty/ <br>mkdir: cannot create
directory `/usr/share/empty': File exists
<br><br>濡傛灉瀹硅鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛錛坅nonymous)錛岄偅涔堜綘灝嗛渶瑕佷竴涓?ftp"鐢ㄦ埛鍜屽叾home鐩綍錛堣繖涓猦ome鐩綍涓嶅睘浜?#8220;ftp&#8221;鐢ㄦ埛錛岃�屼笖&#8220;ftp"鐢ㄦ埛涔熷鍏舵病鏈夊啓鏉冮檺錛夊湪浣犵殑緋葷粺涓瓨鍦ㄣ�?br>浠ヤ笅鍛戒護(hù)鐢ㄦ潵鍒涘緩涓�涓?ftp"鐢ㄦ埛錛屽鏋滃畠榪樹笉瀛樺湪鐨勮瘽銆?
<br>[root@localhost root]# mkdir /var/ftp/ <br>[root@localhost root]# useradd -d
/var/ftp ftp <br><br>錛堝嵆浣夸綘鐨?ftp"鐢ㄦ埛宸茬粡瀛樺湪錛屽畬鎴愪互涓嬭繖涓ゆ涔熸槸寰堟湁濂藉鐨勶細(xì)錛?<br>[root@localhost
root]# chown root.root /var/ftp <br>[root@localhost root]# chmod og-w /var/ftp
<br><br>3錛夊畨瑁匳SFTPD鐨勯厤緗�佹墽琛屽拰甯姪鏂囦歡銆?br>杈撳叆"make
install"鍚庝細(xì)灝嗕簩榪涘埗鏂囦歡鍜屽府鍔╂枃浠舵嫹璐濆埌閫傚綋鐨勭洰褰曘�?br>浣犱篃鍙互鎵嬪伐鎷瘋礉榪欎簺鏂囦歡錛?<br>cp vsftpd
/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd <br>cp vsftpd.conf.5 /usr/local/man/man5 <br>cp vsftpd.8
/usr/local/man/man8 <br><br>"make install"涓嶄細(xì)鎷瘋礉榛樿鐨勯厤緗枃浠訛紝鎵�浠ュ緩璁綘鎵嬪伐鎷瘋礉錛?<br>cp
vsftpd.conf /etc <br>daidong娉細(xì)鏍規(guī)嵁浣犵郴緇熺増鏈殑涓嶅悓錛屼篃鍙兘鏄?cp vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd
<br><br>4)嫻嬭瘯 錛堟棤inetd褰卞搷錛?
<br>VSFTPD鑳借繍琛屽湪鐙珛妯″紡錛坰tandalone)鎴栬�呴�氳繃inetd(xinetd)鏉ュ惎鍔ㄣ�?br>浣犺兘閫氳繃inetd鏉ヨ繍琛寁sftpd浠ユ洿濂藉湴鎺у埗瀹冦�備絾鎴戜滑鍦ㄩ嬈¤繍琛屾椂涓嶈繖涔堝仛錛屼互渚挎鏌ョ郴緇熸槸鍚︾幇鍦ㄩ厤緗甯搞�?br>緙栬緫/etc/vsftpd.conf錛坉aidong娉細(xì)涔熷彲鑳芥槸/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf)錛屽茍鍦ㄦ渶涓嬮潰鍔犲叆浠ヤ笅榪欎竴琛岋細(xì)
<br><font color="#333399">listen=YES</font> <br><br>榪欏皢鍛婅瘔VSFTPD涓嶈浠巌netd鍚姩銆?
<br>OK錛岀幇鍦ㄨ瘯鐫�鍚姩FTP銆?br>浠OOT鐧誨綍銆?br>紜畾浣犳病鏈夎繍琛屽叾浠朏TP鏈嶅姟錛堝惁鍒橵SFTPD涓嶈兘鍗犵敤FTP鎵�闇�鐨?1绔彛錛夈�?br>榪愯閭ｄ釜浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠訛紝濡備笅錛?
<br>[root@localhost root]# <font color="#333399">/usr/local/sbin/vsftpd &amp;
</font><br>[1] 2104 <br><br>濡傛灉涓�鍒囨甯革紝閭ｄ箞浣犲皢榪炰笂FTP鏈嶅姟鍣紝濡備笅錛?<br>[chris@localhost chris]$
ftp localhost <br>Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1). <br>220 (vsFTPd 1.1.1)
<br>Name (localhost:chris): ftp <br>331 Please specify the password.
<br>Password: <br>230 Login successful. Have fun. <br>Remote system type is
UNIX. <br>Using binary mode to transfer files. <br>ftp&gt; ls <br>227 Entering
Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,229,133) <br>150 Here comes the directory listing.
<br>d--x--x--x 2 0 0 4096 Jan 14 2002 bin <br>d--x--x--x 2 0 0 4096 Apr 21 20:52
etc <br>drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 4096 Apr 21 20:52 lib <br>drwxr-sr-x 2 0 50 4096 Jul 26
22:58 pub <br>226 Directory send OK. <br>ftp&gt;
<br><br>5錛変粠inetd鎴栬�呯被浼兼柟寮忓惎鍔紙瀹樻柟鎺ㄨ崘浣跨敤standalone鏂瑰紡錛?br>浣犱篃璁告兂閫氳繃inetd鎴栬�呯被浼兼柟寮忓惎鍔╒SFTPD錛屽洜涓鴻繖鑳界粰浣犳洿澶氱殑鎰熷彈銆備緥濡倄inetd灝辨湁寰堝鐨勮緗�?br>錛堟敞鎰忥細(xì)VSFTPD鐨勫唴鍦ㄦ満鍒跺睆钄戒簡(jiǎn)xinetd鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟鐨勬湁鐢ㄧ殑璁劇疆錛夈�?br>濡傛灉浣跨敤鏍囧噯鐨?inetd",浣犻渶瑕佺紪杈?etc/inetd.conf,鍦ㄥ叾涓姞鍏ヤ互涓嬩竴琛岋細(xì)
<br>ftp stream tcp nowait root /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/local/sbin/vsftpd
<br><br>錛堢‘瀹氫綘鍒犻櫎鎴栬�呮敞閲婃帀涓�浜涘凡瀛樺湪鐨凢TP鏈嶅姟閰嶇疆琛屻�傚鏋滀綘娌℃湁瀹夎tcp_wrappers,鎴栬�呬笉鎯充嬌鐢ㄥ畠浠紝閭ｄ箞璇峰幓鎺?usr/sbin/tcpd
part). <br><br>inetd闇�瑕佹寚瀹氬茍閲嶆柊杞藉叆瀹冪殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛?<br>kill -SIGHUP `pidof inetd`
<br><br>濡傛灉浣犳兂浣跨敤"xinetd",璇峰弬闃呮垜浠彁渚涚殑鑼冧緥 /EXAMPLE/INTERNET_SITE/README.
鑰屽叾浠栬寖渚嬫枃浠跺皢鍛婅瘔浣犲浣曡皟閰嶅嚭鏇村己澶х殑xinetd鍔熻兘銆?
<br><br>6錛変負(fù)鏈湴鐧誨綍閰嶇疆PAM鏂囦歡錛堝彲閫夛級(jí)<br>濡傛灉浣犲湪涓�鍙版縺媧諱簡(jiǎn)PAM鐨勮澶囦笂榪愯VSFTPD錛屼綘闇�瑕佹彁渚涗竴涓?/etc/pam.d/ftp
鏂囦歡銆傚惁鍒欓潪鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛灝嗘棤娉曠櫥褰曟湇鍔″櫒銆?br>錛堟敞錛氬鏋滀綘鐨凱AM鐗堟湰姣旇緝鑰侊紝閭ｄ箞榪欎釜鏂囦歡涔熻鏄?/etc/pam.conf).
<br><br>鍋氫負(fù)涓�涓爣鍑嗚緗紝浣犲彲浠ユ嫹璐濅竴涓凡鎻愪緵鐨勮寖渚嬫枃浠訛紝濡備笅錛?<br>cp RedHat/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp
<br><br>7錛夎嚜瀹氫箟浣犵殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡<br>瀹屾垚浠ヤ笂鐨勯厤緗悗錛屽緩璁綘瀹夎涓�涓厤緗枃浠躲�傞粯璁ょ殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡浣嶇疆鏄?etc/vsftpd.conf.
鍦╒SFTPD杞歡鍒嗗彂鍖呭唴鏈変竴涓寖渚嬮厤緗枃浠躲�?br>浣犲彲浠ユ嫹璐濆叾涓?etc/vsftpd.conf浠ュ仛榪涗竴姝ヤ慨鏀廣�?<br>cp vsftpd.conf
/etc <br>錛坉aidong娉細(xì)涔熷彲鑳芥槸 cp vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd ).
<br><br>榪欎釜榛樿閰嶇疆鍗充笉瀹硅鏈湴鐧誨綍涔熶笉瀹硅鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛涓婁紶錛屼篃璁鎬綘甯屾湜鏇存敼榪欎釜閰嶇疆銆?br>鍏跺畠 <br>===================
<br>嫻嬭瘯騫沖彴 錛堝凡閫氳繃錛?<br>-嫻佽鐨勶紝鍔熻兘瀹屽杽鐨勫鉤鍙伴兘鑳芥祴璇曢�氳繃銆傚湪浠ヤ笅騫沖彴鐨勮緝鏂扮増鏈紝VSFTPD宸ヤ綔寰楀緢濂姐�傚湪鍏跺ぇ閮ㄥ垎杈冩棭鐨勭増鏈笅錛屼篃榪愯姝ｅ父銆?
<br>- RedHat Linux <br>- RedHat Enterprise Linux <br>- Solaris / GNU tools
(Solaris 8 or newer) <br>- SuSE Linux <br>- Debian Linux <br>- OpenBSD <br>-
FreeBSD <br>- NetBSD <br>- HP-UX / GNU tools <br>- IRIX / GNU tools <br>- Mac OS
X (note; older versions have setgroups() problem. 10.3.4 reported OK) <br>铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛1
<br>=============
<br>榪欎釜渚嬪瓙紺鴻寖浜?jiǎn)濡備綍湄?fù)铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛璁劇疆VSFTPD/PAM銆?br>铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛鏄竴涓湪緋葷粺涓茍涓嶄綔涓轟竴涓櫥褰曞疄浣撹�屽瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐢ㄦ埛銆備嬌鐢ㄨ櫄鎷熺敤鎴鋒瘮浣跨敤鐪熷疄鐨勭敤鎴鋒洿瀹夊叏錛屽洜涓鴻繖涓處鍙峰彧鑳界敤浜嶧TP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ�?br>铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛緇忓父鐢ㄦ潵鎻愪緵緇欎笉澶у彲淇′換鐨勭敤鎴瘋闂煇浜涜祫婧愶紝鑰岃繖浜涜祫婧愰�氬父鏄叾浠栨櫘閫氱敤鎴蜂笉鑳借闂殑銆?
<br><br><font color="red">1</font><font color="red">錛夊垱寤鴻櫄鎷熺敤鎴鋒暟鎹簱
</font><br>鎴戜滑灝嗕嬌鐢╬am_userdb鏉ヨ璇佽櫄鎷熺敤鎴楓�傝繖闇�瑕佹彁渚涗竴涓?#8220;db"鏍煎紡錛堜竴縐嶉�氱敤鏁版嵁搴撴牸寮忥級(jí)鐨勭敤鎴峰悕/瀵嗙爜鏂囦歡銆?br>鍒涘緩涓�涓?db"鏍煎紡鐨勬枃浠訛紝棣栧厛瑕佸垱寤轟竴涓爣鍑嗘枃鏈枃浠訛紝騫舵妸鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶏紝瀵嗙爜浠ョ珫鐩存帓鍒楁柟寮忚緭鍏ャ�傚logins.txt錛?
<br>tom <br>foo <br>fired <br>bar <br>榪欎釜渚嬪瓙涓?tom鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫瘑鐮佹槸foo.fired鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫瘑鐮佹槸bar.
<br>浠OOT鐧誨綍錛屽垱寤轟竴涓暟鎹簱鏂囦歡錛屽涓嬶細(xì) <br>db_load -T -t hash -f logins.txt
/etc/vsftpd_login.db <br>錛堣繖瑕佹眰berkeley db紼嬪簭宸茬粡瀹夎錛?
<br>(娉細(xì)涓�浜涚郴緇熶篃璁稿畨瑁呬簡(jiǎn)澶氫釜鐗堟湰鐨?db",鎵�浠ユ煇浜涙儏鍐典笅浣犲彲鑳戒嬌鐢?db3_load"鎵嶆槸姝ｇ‘鐨勩�傚浜庝竴浜?
Debian緋葷粺灝辨槸榪欐牱銆?br>鍏抽敭鍦ㄤ簬瑕佽pam_userdb鐩鎬俊瀹冪殑鐧誨綍鏁版嵁搴撴槸鍝竴涓猟b鐗堟湰鎵�浜х敓錛堜竴鑸兘鏄痙b3錛屽敖綆′綘鐨勭郴緇熼噷鍙兘瀹夎鐨勬槸db4).錛?br>榪欏皢鍒涘緩/etc/vsftpd_login.db鏂囦歡銆傛樉鐒?dòng)灱屼綘甯屾湜璁惧畾杩欎釜鏂囦欢鐨勬潈闄愬Q?
<br>chmod 600 /etc/vsftpd_login.db <br><br>瑕佷簡(jiǎn)瑙ｆ洿澶氬叧浜庣淮鎶や綘鐨勭櫥褰曟暟鎹簱鐨勪俊鎭紝璇峰湪"berkeley
DB"瀵熺湅鐩稿叧鏂囨。錛?<br><a   target="_blank"><font color="#0000ff">http://www.sleepycat.com/docs/utility/index.html</font></a>
<br><br><font color="red">2</font><font color="red">錛夌敤浣犵殑鏂版暟鎹簱鍒涘緩涓�涓狿AM鏂囦歡
</font><br>璇峰弬鑰冭寖渚媣sftpd.pam錛屽畠鍖呭惈2琛岋細(xì) <br>auth required /lib/security/pam_userdb.so
db=/etc/vsftpd_login <br>account required /lib/security/pam_userdb.so
db=/etc/vsftpd_login <br><br>榪欐槸鍛婅瘔PAM鐢ㄦ柊鐨勬暟鎹簱鍘婚獙璇佺敤鎴楓�傛妸榪欎釜PAM鏂囦歡鎷瘋礉鍒癙AM鐩綍錛屼竴鑸槸/etc/pam.d
<br>cp vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftp <br><br><font color="red">3)</font><font color="red">涓鴻櫄鎷熺敤鎴瘋緗甴ome鐩綍<br></font>useradd -d /home/ftpsite virtual <br>ls -ld
/home/ftpsite <br>(which should give): <br>drwx------ 3 virtual virtual 4096 Jul
30 00:39 /home/ftpsite <br><br>鎴戜滑宸茬粡鍒涘緩浜?jiǎn)涓�涓悕鍙?virtual"鐨勭敤鎴鳳紝home鐩綍鏄?/home/ftpsite".
<br>鎴戜滑鎷瘋礉涓�浜涗笢瑗垮埌榪欎釜涓嬭澆鐩綍錛?<br>cp /etc/hosts /home/ftpsite <br>chown virtual.virtual
/home/ftpsite/hosts <br><br>4錛夊垱寤轟綘鐨剉sftpd.conf閰嶇疆鏂囦歡<br>璇峰弬鑰冭繖涓洰褰曚笅鐨勪緥瀛愩�傝鎴戜滑涓�琛岃鍦扮湅涓�鐪嬭繖浜涢厤緗細(xì)
<br>anonymous_enable=NO <br>local_enable=YES
<br><br>瀹夊叏璧瘋錛屽睆钄戒簡(jiǎn)鍖垮悕鐢ㄦ埛錛屽彧鍚敤浜?jiǎn)闈炲尶鍚嶇敤鎴峰Q堝嵆铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛浣跨敤鐨勮處鍙鳳級(jí) <br><br>write_enable=NO
<br>anon_upload_enable=NO <br>anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
<br>anon_other_write_enable=NO <br><br>涓轟簡(jiǎn)瀹夊叏璇風(fēng)‘璁よ繖鍑犱釜閰嶇疆錛岃繖灝嗗叧闂啓鐨勬潈闄愩�?
<br><br>chroot_local_user=YES <br><br>榪欏皢鎶婅櫄鎷熺敤鎴烽攣瀹氬湪鎴戜滑鍦ㄤ互涓婅緗殑/home/ftpsite鐩綍鍐呫�?
<br><br>guest_enable=YES <br>guest_username=virtual
<br><br>guest_enable闈炲父閲嶈-瀹冩縺媧諱簡(jiǎn)铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛錛佽�実uest_username璇存槑鎵�鏈夌殑铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛閮藉搴旀垜浠湪涓婇潰璁劇疆鐨勭湡瀹炵敤鎴鳳細(xì)&#8220;virtual".
<br>榪欏悓鏃剁‘瀹氫簡(jiǎn)铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄦ枃浠剁郴緇熶腑鐨勪綅緗紝涔熷氨鏄錛岃櫄鎷熺敤鎴風(fēng)殑home鐩綍鍗?virtual"鐢ㄦ埛鐨刪ome鐩綍錛?home/ftpsite銆?
<br><br>listen=YES <br>listen_port=10021
<br><br>榪欒VSFTPD浠ョ嫭绔嬫ā寮?standalone)榪愯錛岃�屼笉鏄粠inetd鏂瑰紡鍚姩銆備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝浣犺繍琛孷SFTPD鍙墽琛屾枃浠跺氨鍚姩浜?jiǎn)FTP鏈嶅姟銆?br>鍚屾椂涔熻VSFTPD鍚敤闈炴爣鍑嗙鍙?0021鏉ョ洃鍚現(xiàn)TP璇鋒眰錛團(tuán)TP涓�鑸嬌鐢?1绔彛錛夈�?
<br><br>pasv_min_port=30000 <br>pasv_max_port=30999
<br><br>榪欒瀹氫簡(jiǎn)琚姩妯″紡鐨凢TP璇鋒眰绔彛銆傚綋浣犻厤緗簡(jiǎn)涓�涓槻鐏鐨勬椂鍊欙紝榪欎釜閰嶇疆灝卞緢濂界敤銆?br>鎷瘋礉鑼冧緥閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鍒?etc <br>cp
vsftpd.conf /etc/ <br>(daidong娉細(xì)涔熷彲鑳芥槸/etc/vsftpd) <br><br>5)鍚姩VSFTPD
<br>鍒癡SFTPD浜岃繘鍒舵枃浠舵墍鍦ㄧ殑鐩綍錛岃緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br>./vsftpd <br><br>濡傛灉涓�鍒囨甯革紝榪欎釜鍛戒護(hù)灝嗙敓鏁堛�傚惁鍒欙紝浣犲皢浼?xì)鐪嬪堫C竴浜涢敊璇俊鎭殑鍙嶉銆?
<br><br>6錛夋祴璇?br>鍚姩鍙︿竴涓細(xì)璇濄�傦紙鎴栬�卌trl-z錛屽啀杈撳叆"bg",璁￢SFTPD鍦ㄥ悗鍙拌繍琛岋級(jí)銆?br>榪欐槸涓�涓狥TP浼?xì)璇濈殑渚嬪瓙锛?xì)
<br><br>ftp localhost 10021 <br>Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1). <br>220
ready, dude (vsFTPd 1.1.0: beat me, break me) <br>Name (localhost:chris): tom
<br>331 Please specify the password. <br>Password: <br>230 Login successful.
Have fun. <br>Remote system type is UNIX. <br>Using binary mode to transfer
files. <br>ftp&gt; pwd <br>257 "/" <br>ftp&gt; ls <br>227 Entering Passive Mode
(127,0,0,1,117,135) <br>150 Here comes the directory listing. <br>226 Transfer
done (but failed to open directory). <br>ftp&gt; size hosts <br>213 147
<br>ftp&gt; <br><br>娉ㄩ噴錛?br>瀵嗙爜鏄?foo" <br>鍑虹幇&#8221;failed to open
directory&#8220;鐨勮瘽錛屽埆鎷呭績(jī)銆傝繖鏄洜涓?home/ftpsite鐩綍涓嶅璁歌浠繪剰嫻忚銆?br>錛堟垜浠彲浠ユ洿鏀筧non_world_readable_only=NO浠ユ秷闄ゅ憡璀︼紝浣嗕負(fù)浜?jiǎn)瀹夊叏锛寴q樻槸淇濈暀榪欎釜閰嶇疆錛夈�?br>鎴戜滑鑳介�氳繃size鍛戒護(hù)鐪嬪埌鎴戜滑宸茬粡璁塊棶浜?jiǎn)琚垜浠嫰偞濆埌杩欓噷鐨?hosts"鏂囦歡銆?
<br><br>vsftpd.conf <br>anonymous_enable=NO <br>local_enable=YES
<br>write_enable=NO <br>anon_upload_enable=NO <br>anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO
<br>anon_other_write_enable=NO <br>chroot_local_user=YES <br>guest_enable=YES
<br>guest_username=virtual <br>listen=YES <br>listen_port=10021
<br>pasv_min_port=30000 <br>pasv_max_port=30999 <br>铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛2 <br>===============
<br>榪欎釜渚嬪瓙灝嗘紨紺哄浣曟墿灞?#8220;VIRTUAL_USERS&#8221;閭ｄ釜鑼冧緥錛屼粠鑰屽疄鐜版洿澶嶆潅涓�鐐圭殑閰嶇疆銆?br>璁╂垜浠亣瀹氭垜浠渶瑕?縐嶄笉鍚岀殑铏氭嫙鐢ㄦ埛錛氫竴縐嶅彧鑳芥祻瑙堝茍涓嬭澆璧勬簮錛屽彟涓�縐嶈兘涓婁紶鏂囦歡騫舵祻瑙堢珯鍐呰祫婧愩�?br>瑕佹縺媧昏繖涓緗紝鎴戜滑灝嗕嬌鐢╒SFTPD鐨勫己澶х殑&#8220;鍗曚釜鐢ㄦ埛閰嶇疆&#8221;鍔熻兘錛堟槸V1.1.0鍚庡嚭鐜扮殑鏂板姛鑳斤級(jí)銆?br>鍦ㄥ墠涓�涓櫄鎷熺敤鎴瘋寖渚嬩腑錛屾垜浠垱寤轟簡(jiǎn)2涓敤鎴?tom鍜宖red.
<br>鎴戜滑灝嗗疄鐜癴red鏈夊啓鏉冮檺浠ヤ笂浼犳柊鏂囦歡錛屽悓鏃秚om鍙兘涓嬭澆鏂囦歡銆?
<br><br>1錛夋縺媧誨崟涓敤鎴烽厤緗姛鑳姐�?br>瑕佹縺媧昏繖涓姛鑳斤紝闇�瑕佸鍔犱互涓嬮厤緗鍒伴厤緗枃浠訛細(xì)
<br><br>user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd_user_conf <br><br>騫朵笖鍒涘緩鐩綍錛?<br><br>mkdir
/etc/vsftpd_user_conf
<br><br>2錛夋巿浜坱om璇誨彇鎵�鏈夋枃浠跺拰鐩綍鐨勬潈闄?br>鍦ㄤ笂涓�涓緥瀛愮殑鏈�鍚庯紝鎴戜滑娉ㄦ剰鍒拌櫄鎷熺敤鎴峰彧鑳芥祻瑙堟墍鏈夌殑瀹屽叏鍙灞炴�х殑鐩綍鍜屾枃浠躲�傛垜浠嬌/home/ftpsite瀹屽叏鍙錛岃�屼笖琚笂浼犵殑鏂囦歡涔?br>璧嬩簣浜?jiǎn)瀹屽叏鍙潥勬潈闄愬Q坉aidong娉細(xì)鎰忔�濇槸璇磋繖鏍瘋櫄鎷熺敤鎴峰氨鑳借鍙栨墍鏈夌殑鏂囦歡浜?jiǎn)锛?jí)銆備絾瀹炵幇榪欎釜鐩殑鐨勫彟涓�涓柟娉曟槸鎺堟潈tom鑳戒笅杞介偅浜涢潪瀹屽叏鍙鐨勬枃浠躲�?br>瀵逛簬tom,浠栫殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡涓渶瑕佷慨鏀逛竴涓緗細(xì)
<br>anon_world_readable_only: <br><br>璁句負(fù)"anon_world_readable_only=NO" &gt;
/etc/vsftpd_user_conf/tom
<br>(daidong娉細(xì)鏃㈡妸榛樿閰嶇疆淇敼浜?jiǎn)anon_world_readable_only鍚庯紝澶嶅埗鍒?etc/vsftpd_user_conf涓嬶紝鍚嶅瓧涓簍om)
<br><br>楠岃瘉涓�涓嬬粨鏋?浠om鐧誨綍錛?#8220;ls&#8221;灝嗚繑鍥炰竴涓洰褰曞垪琛ㄣ�傚鏋滀互fred鐧誨綍灝嗕笉浼?xì)濡傛銆?br>娉ㄦ剰錛氶噸鍚疺SFTPD浠ュ惎鐢ㄩ厤緗枃浠?etc/vsftpd.conf(楂樼駭鐢ㄦ埛涔熷彲浠ュ彂閫丼IGHUP緇橵SFTPD鐨勭洃鍚繘紼?.
<br><br>3)鎺堜簣freg璇誨彇鎵�鏈夋枃浠?鐩綍騫跺垱寤烘柊鏂囦歡/鐩綍鐨勬潈闄?浣嗚浠栦笉鑳藉宸插瓨鍦ㄧ殑鏂囦歡/鐩綍榪涜鎿嶄綔. <br><br>echo
"anon_world_readable_only=NO" &gt; /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/fred <br>echo
"write_enable=YES" &gt;&gt; /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/fred <br>echo
"anon_upload_enable=YES" &gt;&gt; /etc/vsftpd_user_conf/fred
<br><br>楠岃瘉涓�涓?浠om鐧誨綍,灝嗕笉鑳戒笂浼?鑰宖red灝卞彲浠? <br>璇曞浘鍒犻櫎涓�涓枃浠?-鍣?浣犱滑淇╅兘涓嶈!</font><br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109685.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 16:55 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109685.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>LINUX涓婩TP鐨勬惌寤?wuftp</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109675.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 06:27:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109675.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109675.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109675.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109675.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109675.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<pre>FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑瀹夎鍙?qiáng)绠＄?wuftp<br><br><strong>璇存槑錛?/strong><br><em>    Linux涓嬩竴鑸渶甯哥敤鐨勫伐鍏穡u-ftpd.<br><br>    wu-ftpd鐨勫畨瑁呴潪甯稿鏄擄紝澶у鏁扮増鏈殑Linux涓兘鍖呭惈浜?jiǎn)wu-ftpd鐨剅pm杞歡鍖咃紝浣犲彲浠ュ湪瀹夎Linux鏃舵寚瀹氳鍏ャ�傚鏋滀綘鎯寵嚜琛岀紪璇戞簮浠ｇ爜錛屼篃鍙互鍒癴tp://ftp.wu-ftpd.org涓嬭澆鏈�鏂扮増鏈殑婧愪唬鐮佸寘銆?<br><br>    瀹夎濂戒互鍚庯紝鍙互鐢╟kconfig鍛戒護(hù)鏉ユ鏌ユ槸鍚﹀凡緇忔紜畨瑁呫�傚湪/etc/passwd涓彲浠ユ寚瀹歠tp鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭櫥鍏ョ洰褰曘�?<br><br>    wu-ftpd涓昏鏈変互涓?涓厤緗枃浠訛細(xì) <br><br>    ftpaccess(涓昏閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛屾帶鍒跺瓨鍙栨潈闄? <br><br>    ftpconvertions(閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鍘嬬緝/瑙ｅ帇緙╄漿鎹? <br><br>    ftpgroups(璁懼畾ftp鑷繁瀹氫箟鐨勭兢緇? <br><br>    ftphosts(璁懼畾涓埆鐨勭敤鎴鋒潈闄? <br><br>    ftpservers(璁懼畾涓嶅悓IP/Domain Name浠ュ搴斿埌涓嶅悓鐨勮櫄鎷熶富鏈? <br><br>    ftpusers(璁懼畾鍝簺甯愬彿涓嶈兘鐢╢tp榪炵嚎)</em> <br>    <br>涓�. ftp鏈嶅姟鍣?br>1. inetd閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鎴杧inetd.conf閰嶇疆鏂囦歡<br>   /etc/inetd.conf鏂囦歡鍐呭濡備笅:<br>   ftp     stream  tcp     nowait  root    /usr/sbin/tcpd  in.ftpd -l -a <br><br>   /etc/xinetd.conf鏂囦歡鍐呭濡備笅:<br>   service ftp<br>   {<br>           socket_type     = stream<br>           protocol        = tcp<br>           wait            = no<br>           user            = root<br>           #only_from       = 202.118.66.0<br>           #only_from       += 192.168.1.2<br>           #only_from       += localhost   <br>           server          = /usr/sbin/in.ftpd<br>           server_args     = -l -a<br>   }                                <br><br><br>   鐩稿叧鏂囦歡:/etc/services<br>   ftp-data        20/tcp<br>   ftp             21/tcp <br><br>2. ftp鐢ㄦ埛(Anonymous FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ渶瑕佺敤鍒?<br>   鏂囦歡:/etc/passwd鍜?etc/shadow<br>   <br>   /etc/passwd:<br>   ftp:x:500:50:Anonymous FTP User:/home/ftp:/bin/false <br><br>   /etc/shadow:<br>   ftp:*:10689:0:99999:7::: <br><br>   $finger ftp<br>   Login: ftp                              Name: FTP User<br>   Directory: /home/ftp                    Shell: /bin/false<br>   Never logged in.<br>   No mail.<br>   No Plan.              <br>   <br>3. DNS閰嶇疆<br>   ftp  IN      CNAME   officail.domain.name.<br><br>4. 綆＄悊鍛橀偖浠跺埆鍚?br>   鏂囦歡: /etc/mail/aliases (Solairs)<br>         /etc/aliases      (Linux)<br>         (egrep aliases /etc/mail/sendmail.cf )<br> <br>    ftp-admin:  real-user-name@domain.name<br><br>    鐩稿叧鍛戒護(hù): newaliases, 寤虹珛閭歡鍒悕<br><br><br>浜? 鏂囦歡緋葷粺緇撴瀯<br> 1. Anonymous FTP 鐩綍緇撴瀯<br>    濡備笅瀛愮洰褰?<br>    bin(ls,gzip,tar絳塧nonymous ftp鐢ㄦ埛鎵�瑕佷嬌鐢ㄧ殑浜岃繘鍒跺彲鎵ц鏂囦歡)<br>    etc(passwd,group)<br>    lib(鍔ㄦ�佽繛鎺ュ簱,ld-2.0.7.so, ld-linux.so.2, ldd ../bin/ls 絳?<br>    pub(鍙笅杞芥枃浠?<br><br> 2. passwd鍙?qiáng)group鏂囦歡<br>    涓嶈浣跨敤緋葷粺鐨刾asswd鍙?qiáng)group鏂囦歡,鏈�濂藉彧鏀炬墍闇�鐨勭敤鎴峰強(qiáng)緇勪俊鎭?br> passwd鏂囦歡:<br>    ftpadm:x:0:0:Anonymous FTP:/home/ftp:/bin/false<br>    ftp:x:60000:60000:Anonymous FTP:/home/ftp:/bin/false <br> group鏂囦歡:<br>    ftpadmin:x:0:<br>    ftp:x:60000:<br><br> 3. 鏂囦歡鍙?qiáng)鐩綍灞炴�?br> 涓葷洰褰?home/ftp   灞炰富root, 灞炴�?55<br> bin    灞炰富root 緇剋heel鎴杘ther, 灞炴�?11<br> etc    鍚屼笂<br> lib    灞炰富root, 灞炴�?55<br> pub    灞炰富涓簉oot鎴杅tp綆＄悊鍛?灞炴�?55<br> <br> 紜涓嶈鐢╢tp浣滀換浣曟枃浠舵垨鐩綍鐨勫睘涓?<br><br> [hbwork@helius /etc]$ cd /home/ftp/<br> [hbwork@helius ftp]$ ls -l<br> total 4<br> d--x--x--x   2 root     root         1024 Apr  8 17:57 bin<br> d--x--x--x   2 root     root         1024 Jun  4 15:12 etc<br> drwxr-xr-x   2 root     root         1024 Apr  8 17:57 lib<br> dr-xr-sr-x   2 root     ftp          1024 Apr  8 11:18 pub <br> <br> $ls -l bin<br> [root@helius ftp]# ls -l bin/<br> total 250<br> ---x--x--x   1 root     root        15236 Apr 28  1998 compress<br> ---x--x--x   1 root     root        46356 Sep 11  1998 cpio<br> ---x--x--x   1 root     root        45436 Sep 11  1998 gzip<br> ---x--x--x   1 root     root        29980 Sep 11  1998 ls<br> ---x--x--x   1 root     root       110668 Sep 11  1998 tar<br> lrwxrwxrwx   1 root     root            4 May 19 16:48 zcat -&gt; gzip  <br><br> $ls -l etc<br> total 19<br> -r--r--r--   1 root     root           57 Jun  4 15:12 group<br> -r--r--r--   1 root     root        16372 Sep 11  1998 ld.so.cache<br> -r--r--r--   1 root     root           83 Jun  4 15:12 passwd <br><br>(鍦⊿olaris涓婂緩绔媋nonymouse FTP鐗規(guī)畩涓�浜?璇峰弬鑰僕u-ftpd-faq)<br><br><br> 4. 鍙�夌洰褰?br>    incoming    Owner: root   Mode:1733 (chmod 1733 incoming)<br><br>涓? 嫻嬭瘯鍙?qiáng)璋冭?br>   egrep ftp /etc/inetd.conf<br>   ps ax |egrep inetd<br>   kill -HUP $PID<br><br>   $ftp localhost (or ftp 0)<br>   鎵цls cd get 絳夋寚浠ょ湅涓�涓嬬粨鏋滃浣?br><br><br>鍥? wu-ftpd FTP鏈嶅姟鍣ㄨ繘紼?br><br>   澧炲己鍔熻兘:<br>     . 鍏佽鏍規(guī)嵁鐢ㄦ埛鐨刬p鍦板潃鎴栦富鏈?鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶈緗笉鍚岀殑綾?br>     . 鏍規(guī)嵁璁劇疆鐨勭被,綆＄悊鍛樺彲浠ユ帶鍒跺叾璁塊棶鏉冮檺,濡傞槻姝nonymous鐢ㄦ埛<br>       鍒犻櫎鏂囦歡鎴栬鐩栧凡鏈夌殑鏂囦歡<br>     . 鍙互瀹炵幇鑷姩鎵цuncompress,compress,tar,gzip絳夊姛鑳?br>     . 鍙互璁拌澆鎵�鏈夌殑upload/download,鍙?qiáng)ftp client鎵�鍙戦�佺殑姣忎釜鍛戒護(hù).<br>     . 鍏佽騫蟲粦鍏蟲帀ftp鏈嶅姟鍣?br><br>   鐩稿叧閰嶇疆鏂囦歡:<br>       ftpaccess<br>       ftpconversions<br>       ftphosts<br>       ftpuser<br>       <br>       鐩稿叧鍛戒護(hù):<br>           strings /usr/sbin/in.ftpd |egrep ftpaccess<br><br>1. 緙栬瘧 wu-ftpd<br><br>   鏈�鏂扮増鏈? wu-ftpd-2.5.0<br>     ftp://ftp.dlut.edu.cn/pub/unix/ftp/servers/<br><br>   $tar -zxvf wu-ftpd-2.5.0.tar.gz<br>   $cd wu-ftpd-2.5.0<br>     寤鴻鍦ㄧ紪璇戝畨瑁呬箣鍓嶅弬鑰冩枃浠禝NSTALL,README,upload.configuration.HOWTO <br>     濡傛兂瀹氬埗鑷繁鐨剋u-ftpd,鍙紪杈戞枃浠秙rc/pathnames.h<br>   $build help<br>      鏌ョ湅緙栬瘧甯姪<br>      <br>   $./build lnx<br>   $su<br>   #./build install<br><br>2. 鍛戒護(hù)琛岄�夐」<br>   -d   Sends debugging information to syslog<br>   -a   Enable the use of the ftpaccess file(This is the default)<br>   -A   Disable the use of the ftpaccess file<br>   -L   Cause ftpd to log all USER commands.<br>   -i   Causes ftpd to log all incoming(upload) file in the xferlog <br>        file( See pathnames.h )<br>   -o   Causes ftpd to log all outgoing(download) files in the xferlog file<br><br>3. 鏂囦歡ftpconversions<br>   doc/examples/, 鐢ㄤ簬鎸囧畾get鏃剁殑瀹炴椂鍘嬬緝鎴栧睍寮�(on-the-fly).<br><br>   姝ゆ枃浠朵笉鑸儏鍐典笅涓嶇敤浣滀慨鏀?br><br>4. ftpaccess<br>  (1)瀹氫箟綾?br>      涓夌鐢ㄦ埛綾誨瀷: real anonymous <br>                    guest(闇�瑕佹彁渚涚浉搴旂殑鍙ｄ護(hù))<br>      鏍煎紡:<br>        class classname type[,type,...] address [ address ...]<br>  <br>      紺轟緥:<br>        class local real *.dlut.edu.cn 202.118.66 localhost<br>        class anonymous anonymous *<br><br><br>  (2)鎷掔粷璁塊棶<br>     deny *.net.cn      /etc/ftpmsgs/msg.denied<br><br>  (3)闄愬埗璁塊棶<br>     limit class number times messages<br><br>     limit anonymous 200 SaSu<br>     limit anonymous 100 Any    /etc/ftpmsgs/msg.toomany<br><br>     <br>     loginfails 2 <br>     tar no anonymous<br>     compress no anonymous<br><br>     chmod      yes|no type [type ...]<br>     delete     yes|no type [type ...]<br>     overwrite  yes|no type [type ...]<br>     rename     yes|no type [type ...]<br>     umask      yes|no type [type ...]<br>     <br>     passwd-check       none|trivial|rfc822     enforce|warn<br><br>   (5)banner<br>      鏄劇ず鍦ㄧ敤鎴穕ogin涔嬪墠鐨勪俊鎭?br>      banner    /etc/ftpmsg/banner.msg<br><br>      鍏朵腑banner.msg鏂囦歡涓彲浠ュ紩鐢ㄥ涓嬪彉閲?<br>      %C        Current working directory<br>      %E        Email address of the administrator( email ftpadm@dlut.edu.cn)<br>      %F        鍙綋鐩綍涓嬪彲鐢ㄧ┖闂?br>      %L        hostname <br>      %M        鏈�澶у厑璁歌繛鎺ユ暟<br>      %N        鍚屼竴綾諱腑褰撳墠榪炴帴鏁?br>      %R        The client host'name or ip address<br>      %T        Current local time<br>      %U        The name the user specified at login<br><br>      紺轟緥鏂囦歡:<br>      Welcome to this test FTP Archive, running on %L.<br><br>      Please contact %E with any technical problems you may have<br>      accessing this archive.<br><br>      You are currently user %N out of a maximum %M users. It's<br>      %T in PRC.    <br><br>   (6)message鍛戒護(hù)<br>     message pathname login<br>     message pathname cwd=dir<br>     message .conents cwd=* <br>             姣忔敼鍙樼洰褰曞潎鏄劇ず,cwd=dir鍙湪絎竴嬈℃洿鏀規(guī)椂鏄劇ず<br><br>   (7)readme鍛戒護(hù)<br>      readme pathname [login|cwd=dir] [class] [class]<br><br>      readme README* cwd=*<br><br>   (8)shutdown鍛戒護(hù) (2.5.0涓婁笉姝ｅ父)<br>      shutdown pathname<br><br>   (9)log鍛戒護(hù)<br><br>      log commands type [ type ...]<br><br>      log transfer type [type ...] direction[,direction]<br><br>   (10)alias <br>       alias source: /pub/local/sw/source<br><br>   (11)cdpath<br>       cdpath /pub /pub1<br><br>涓婅澆鎺у埗<br>   upload hierarchy directory yes|no owner group mode [dirs|nodirs]<br><br>涓嬮潰鐨剋u-ftpd-2.5.0 /etc/ftpaccess鏂囦歡涓殑upload閰嶇疆(澶у鍙互璇曚竴涓嬪ぇ宸TP<br>鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑upload,浣嗗埆浼犳病鐢ㄧ殑榪囧ぇ鐨勬枃浠?<br><br># FTP-home-dir          archiv-dir      allow?  owner   group   mode    dirs?<br># (as in /etc/passwd)<br><br>upload  /home/ftp       *               no<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/windows yes ftpadmin ftp  0664  dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/windows/* yes ftpadmin ftp 0664 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/unix     yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/unix/*   yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/other    yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/other/*  yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/WDI      yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br>upload  /home/ftp       /pub3/incoming/WDI/*    yes     ftpadmin ftp   0666 dirs<br><br><br>5. ftphosts鏂囦歡<br>   allow ftp    *.dlut.edu.cn<br>   allow anonymous *.dlut.edu.cn<br>   deny ftp *.dlmu.edu.cn<br>   deny ftp *.dlmu.edu.cn 202.118.80.*<br><br><br>6.瀹炵敤紼嬪簭<br><br>  ftpcount<br>  ftpwho<br>  ftushut<br><br>緇存姢:<br>    寤虹珛榪炴帴鏃舵渶濂戒嬌鐢ㄧ浉瀵硅礬寰勩�?br>    鏍規(guī)嵁杞歡綾誨埆寤虹珛涓嶅悓鐨勫瓙鐩綍銆?br>    鏈�濂藉湪姣忎釜鐩綍涓緩绔嬬浉搴旂殑璇存槑鏂囦歡鎴杋ndex鏂囦歡錛屾柟渚跨敤鎴鋒煡鎵俱�?/pre><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109675.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 14:27 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109675.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>iptables 涓嬪紑鏀緁tp</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109674.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 06:24:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109674.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109674.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109674.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109674.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109674.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[榪欎袱澶╁湪緇欏鎴峰畨瑁呮湇鍔″櫒鏃朵篃欏轟究緇欎粬浠嬌鐢╥ptables錛屼笉鐢ㄤ笉鐭ラ亾錛屼竴鐢ㄦ墠鍙戠幇iptables榪樻湁寰堝涓滆タ鍙互瀛︾殑錛屾瘮濡傚紑鏀緁tp銆?br>iptables
鐨刦ilter琛ㄧ殑INPUT閾劇殑榛樿絳栫暐璁句負(fù)浜?jiǎn)DROP錛屽叾浣欑殑閾懼潎涓篈CCEPT銆?
璇ユ湇鍔″櫒鍗寵浣渇tp鏈嶅姟鍣紝涔熻榪炰笂鍒殑ftp鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ�傚嵆鏄瑕佹妸婧愮鍙ｅ拰鐩殑绔彛閮藉紑鏀?1鎵嶈錛?br>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp
&#8211;sport 21 -j ACCEPT<br>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 21 -j
ACCEPT<br>寮�浜?1绔彛灝辮浜?jiǎn)鍚楀Q熶笉鏄殑銆傚厛璇磋ftp鍗忚銆俧tp鍗忚鏄竴涓畝鍗曘�佷繚瀵嗘�у樊錛堟槑鐮侊級(jí)鐨則cp鍗忚錛屽畠鐨勫伐浣滃師鐞嗘槸瀹㈡埛绔厛榪炴湇鍔″櫒绔?
鐨?1绔彛錛岀劧鍚庣粡榪?姝ョ殑鎻℃墜浠ュ悗寤虹珛浜?jiǎn)涓�鏉¤繛鎺ャ�傝娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸錛岃繖鏉¤繛鎺ュ彧鍙互鐢ㄦ潵浼犺緭ftp鐨勫懡浠わ紝鍙湁榪欐潯榪炴帴鐨勮瘽鏄粈涔堥兘浼犱笉浜?jiǎn)鐨勫Q屽氨綆楁槸鐢?
&#8220;ls&#8221;鍛戒護(hù)鏉ユ煡鐪嬫枃浠朵篃涓嶈銆?br>寤虹珛浜?jiǎn)鍛戒护鐨剺q炴帴浠ュ悗錛屾湇鍔″櫒绔氨瑕佸緩绔嬩竴鏉℃暟鎹殑榪炴帴銆傛暟鎹殑榪炴帴鍙堝垎涓轟富鍔ㄦā寮忥紙port錛夊拰琚姩妯″紡錛坧assive錛夈�俧tp榛樿鏄鍔?
妯″紡錛屼富鍔ㄥ拰琚姩涔嬮棿浣跨敤&#8221;pass&#8221;鍛戒護(hù)鍒囨崲銆備富鍔ㄦā寮忛�氳繃20绔彛涓庡鎴風(fēng)鐩歌繛錛岃�岃鍔ㄦā寮忓嵈浣跨敤1024浠ュ悗鐨勭鍙ｄ笌瀹㈡埛绔浉榪炪�傜敱浜?024浠ュ悗
鐨勭鍙ｆ槸闅忔満鍒嗛厤鐨勶紝鎵�浠ュ湪琚姩妯″紡涓嬫垜浠槸涓嶇煡閬撴湇鍔＄鏄嬌鐢ㄤ粈涔堢鍙ｄ笌瀹㈡埛绔繛鎺ョ殑銆備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝鎴戜滑鏄笉鐭ラ亾iptables瑕佸紑鏀句粈涔堢鍙ｃ�?br>寮�濮嬫垜浣跨敤鐨勬槸<br>iptables
-A input -p tcp &#8211;sport 1024: &#8211;dport 1024: -j
ACCEPT<br>鏉ヨftp寤虹珛琚姩榪炴帴鐨勩�備絾瑙夊緱濡傛灉榪欐牱鐨勮瘽錛岄偅灝辯瓑浜庢妸鎵�浠2p鐨勮繛鎺ラ兘寮�鏀句簡(jiǎn)錛屼笉瀹夊叏銆?br>浜庢槸鍦–U涓婇棶浜猴紝緇堜簬鎵懼埌浜?jiǎn)瑙ｅ喅鐨勬栆?guī)硶:<br>1銆佸姞杞芥ā鍧椼�?br><font color="#ff2424"><br>modprobe ip_nat_ftp<br>modprobe ip_conntrack<br>modprobe
ip_conntrack_ftp<br></font><br>2,鍔犱笂涓�鏉¤鍒欙細(xì)<br><font color="#ff2424">澶勪簬server<br>iptables -A INPUT -m state &#8211;state ESTABLISHED,RELATED
-j ACCEPT</font><br><font color="#ff2424">澶勪簬client</font><br><font color="#ff2424">iptables -A OUTPUT -m state &#8211;state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j
ACCEPT<br></font><br>鍏佽榪炴帴淇濇寔鐨勮鍔ㄨ闂�?br>鍏跺疄榪欐牱鍦ㄩ噸鍚痠ptables鐨勬椂鍊欐墍闇�鐨勬ā鍧楀張涓嶈浜?jiǎn)锛岄�氳繃涓嶆噲鐨勫姫鍔涚粓浜庢壘鍒頒簡(jiǎn)鏈�緇堢殑瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)硶錛岀紪杈?etc/sysconfig/iptables-config錛?br>IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"<br>IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_nat_ftp"<br>鎶婇渶瑕佸姞杞界殑妯″潡鍔犲叆錛屾棤璁洪噸鍚郴緇熻繕鏄痠ptables浣唂tp妯″潡濮嬬粓榪樻槸鍔犺澆鐨勩�?br>鎼炲畾灝辮繖鏍峰搱鍝堝搱錛屽笇鏈涜兘鍦ㄤ互鍚庡府鍔╁ぇ瀹舵潵瑙ｅ喅ftp涓婄殑闂銆?br><br><br><strong>鏈枃鏉ヨ嚜ChinaUnix鍗氬錛屽鏋滄煡鐪嬪師鏂囪鐐癸細(xì)</strong><a   target="_blank">http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/51714/showart_423414.html</a> <img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109674.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 14:24 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109674.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux iptables閰嶇疆FTP鐨勪富鍔ㄥ拰琚姩妯″紡</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109670.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Sun, 14 Mar 2010 06:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109670.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/109670.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109670.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/109670.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/109670.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="cnt" id="blog_text">
<p>鍏堢悊瑙ｄ富琚姩鐨勮仈鎺ユ柟寮忥細(xì)</p>
<p>FTP鍗忚鏈変袱縐嶅伐浣滄柟寮忥細(xì)PORT鏂瑰紡鍜孭ASV鏂瑰紡錛屼腑鏂囨剰鎬濅負(fù)涓誨姩寮忓拰琚姩寮忋�?/p>
<p><font color="#ff0000">Port<a  ><u>妯″紡</u></a>錛?/font>ftp server:tcp
21 &lt;------client:dynamic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ftp server:tcp 20 ------&gt;client:dynamic</p>
<p><font color="#ff0000">Pasv妯″紡錛?/font>ftp server:tcp 21
&lt;----client:dynamic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ftp server:tcp dynamic
&lt;----client:dynamic<br><font color="#ff0000">PORT錛堜富鍔級(jí)</font>鏂瑰紡鐨?a  ><u>榪炴帴</u></a>榪囩▼鏄細(xì)瀹㈡埛绔悜鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑FTP绔彛錛堥粯璁ゆ槸21錛夊彂閫?a  ><u>榪炴帴</u></a>璇?
姹傦紝鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ帴鍙楄繛鎺ワ紝寤虹珛涓�鏉″懡浠ら摼璺�傚綋闇�瑕佷紶閫佹暟鎹椂錛屽鎴?
绔湪鍛戒護(hù)閾捐礬涓婄敤PORT鍛戒護(hù)鍛婅瘔鏈嶅姟鍣細(xì)&#8220;鎴戞墦寮�浜?jiǎn)XXXX绔彛錛屼綘榪囨潵榪炴帴鎴?#8221;銆備簬鏄湇鍔″櫒浠?0绔彛鍚戝鎴風(fēng)鐨刋XXX绔彛鍙戦�佽繛鎺ヨ姹傦紝寤虹珛涓�鏉?
鏁版嵁閾捐礬鏉ヤ紶閫佹暟鎹�?br><font color="#ff0000">PASV錛堣鍔級(jí)</font>鏂瑰紡鐨勮繛鎺ヨ繃紼嬫槸錛氬鎴風(fēng)鍚戞湇鍔″櫒鐨凢TP绔彛錛堥粯璁ゆ槸21錛夊彂閫佽繛鎺ヨ
姹傦紝鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ帴鍙楄繛鎺ワ紝寤虹珛涓�鏉″懡浠ら摼璺�傚綋闇�瑕佷紶閫佹暟鎹椂錛屾湇鍔?
鍣ㄥ湪鍛戒護(hù)閾捐礬涓婄敤PASV鍛戒護(hù)鍛婅瘔瀹㈡埛绔細(xì)&#8220;鎴戞墦寮�浜?jiǎn)XXXX绔彛錛屼綘榪囨潵榪炴帴鎴?#8221;銆備簬鏄鎴風(fēng)鍚戞湇鍔″櫒鐨刋XXX绔彛鍙戦�佽繛鎺ヨ姹傦紝寤虹珛涓�鏉℃暟鎹摼璺潵
浼犻�佹暟鎹�?/p>
<p><font face="瀹嬩綋"><br></font></p>
<p><font face="瀹嬩綋">#allow all ftp incoming connections<br>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp
--dport 21 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT<br>iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp
--sport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT</font></p>
<p><font face="瀹嬩綋"># Enable active ftp transfers<br>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp
--dport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT<br>iptables -A OUTPUT
-p tcp --sport 20 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT</font></p>
<p><font face="瀹嬩綋"># Enable passive ftp transfers<br>iptables -A INPUT -p tcp
--sport 1024:65535 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j
ACCEPT<br>iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 1024:65535 --dport 1024:65535 -m
state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT</font></p>
</div><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/109670.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2010-03-14 14:18 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2010/03/14/109670.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>鏌ョ湅鏌愮粍鐨勬墍鏈夌敤鎴?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/11/11/100744.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 11 Nov 2009 14:30:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/11/11/100744.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/100744.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/11/11/100744.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/100744.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/100744.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[gawk 'BEGIN {FS=":"} $4=="504" {print $1}' /etc/passwd<br><br>504鏄粍鐨処D<br><br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/100744.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-11-11 22:30 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/11/11/100744.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>[Linux鍛戒護(hù)]鏍煎紡鍖杕kfs</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/22/99244.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 15:19:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/22/99244.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/99244.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/22/99244.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/99244.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/99244.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[鎸囦護(hù)錛歮kfs
<br>
<br>浣跨敤鏉冮檺 : 瓚呯駭浣跨敤鑰?
<br>
<br>浣跨敤鏂瑰紡 : mkfs [-V] [-t fstype] [fs-options] filesys [blocks]
<br>
<br>璇存槑 錛?寤虹珛 linux 妗ｆ緋葷粺鍦ㄧ壒瀹氱殑 partition 涓?
<br>
<br>
<br>鍙傛暟 錛?
<br>
<br>device 錛?棰勫媯�(gè)鏌ョ殑紜洏 partition錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)/dev/sda1
<br>-V : 璇︾粏鏄劇ず妯″紡
<br>-t : 緇欏畾妗ｆ緋葷粺鐨勫瀷寮忥紝Linux 鐨勯璁懼�間負(fù) ext2
<br>-c : 鍦ㄥ埗鍋氭。妗堢郴緇熷墠錛屾鏌ヨpartition 鏄惁鏈夊潖杞?
<br>-l bad_blocks_file : 灝嗘湁鍧忚建鐨刡lock璧勬枡鍔犲埌 bad_blocks_file 閲岄潰
<br>block : 緇欏畾 block 鐨勫ぇ灝?
<br>
<br>渚嬶細(xì)
<br>1.鍦?/dev/hda5 涓婂緩涓�涓?msdos 鐨勬。妗堢郴緇燂紝鍚屾椂媯�(gè)鏌ユ槸鍚︽湁鍧忚建瀛樺湪錛屽茍涓斿皢榪囩▼璇︾粏鍒楀嚭鏉?:
<br>mkfs -V -t msdos -c /dev/hda5
<br>2.
<br>mkfs.ext3&nbsp;/dev/sda1
<br>3.
<br>mkfs.ext3&nbsp;/dev/sda2<img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/99244.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-22 23:19 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/22/99244.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>娣卞叆Linux鐨凩ILO</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/15/98735.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Thu, 15 Oct 2009 15:34:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/15/98735.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98735.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/15/98735.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98735.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98735.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[Linux鐨勫紩瀵煎彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄥ縐嶆柟寮忥紝鍏跺姞杞藉櫒LILO(Linux Loader) <br>
鏄竴涓伒媧葷殑寮曞鍔犺澆紼嬪簭錛屼笌鍏朵粬甯哥敤鐨勫紩瀵煎姞杞界▼搴忕浉姣旓紝LILO 寮曞鏂瑰紡鏄懼緱鏇村叿鏈夎壓鏈�э紝瀵瑰叾娣卞叆鐨勭悊瑙ｏ紝灝嗘湁鍔╀簬鎴戜滑鏂逛究鍦?澶勭悊澶氶噸緋葷粺銆佺綉緇滃紩瀵箋�佸ぇ紜洏鍙?qiáng)澶у唴瀛樈{夎澶氭鎵嬬殑闂銆?<br>
<br>
涓�銆丩ILO鐨勫紩瀵兼満鍒?<br>
<br>
浼楁墍鍛ㄧ煡錛岃綆楁満鐨勬渶鍒濆惎鍔ㄦ槸鐢盉IOS鎺у埗鐨勶紝鍦ㄥ涓�浜涚‖浠?錛堝錛氬唴瀛樸�侀敭鐩樼瓑錛夊垵濮嬪寲涔嬪悗錛屽畠浼?xì)璇曞洃謯犺浇纭洏鐨勪刚d紩瀵艱褰?錛圡BR錛夋垨杞洏鐨勫紩瀵兼墖鍖恒�?<br>
<br>
MBR鍙�氳繃涓ょ鏂瑰紡榪愯錛屽叾涓�鏄畾浣嶅埌媧誨姩鍒嗗尯騫跺姞杞界浉搴旂殑 寮曞鎵囧尯錛岀劧鍚庣敱寮曞鎵囧尯瀹屾垚璇ュ垎鍖哄唴鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鐨勫熀鏈粍浠剁殑鍔犺澆
錛涘叾浜屾槸鐩存帴浠庝竴鎸囧畾鍒嗗尯涓姞杞戒俊鎭紝騫墮�氳繃瀹冭鍏ヤ換涓�鍒嗗尯鐨勬搷 浣滅郴緇燂紝璇稿LILO銆丱S/2 boot loader鍙?qiáng)Partition
Magic絳夊紩瀵煎姞杞?紼嬪簭閮藉彲浠ラ厤緗垚榪欑鏂瑰紡銆?<br>
<br>
杞洏鐨勫紩瀵兼墖鍖虹浉褰撲簬紜洏?gòu)z誨姩鍒嗗尯鐨勫紩瀵兼墖鍖猴紝瀹冮�氬父鐢ㄤ簬瑁?鍏ヨ蔣鐩樹笂鐨勬搷浣滅郴緇熴�?<br>
<br>
鐢辨鍙錛屽彧瑕佹妸LILO瀹夎鍦∕BR銆佹椿鍔ㄥ垎鍖烘垨鑰呭紩瀵艱蔣鐩樹笂錛?灝辮兘鎺ョ璁＄畻鏈虹殑鎺у埗鏉冿紝鐒跺悗鐢盠ILO瀹屾垚鍚庣戶鐨勫紩瀵艱繃紼嬨�侺ILO涓?
寤烘湁涓�涓紩瀵艱〃鍦板潃緙栫爜錛屽�熸瀹冪殑寮曞紼嬪簭灝辮兘瀹氫綅鍒癓inux鐨勫唴 鏍告枃浠訛紝榪欑鍦板潃緙栫爜鏃㈠彲浠ユ寜鐓ф煴闈?紓佸ご/鎵囧尯(CHS)妯″紡錛屽張鍙?
浠ラ噰鐢↙BA鐨勭嚎鎬у潡鍙鋒ā寮忥紝鍥犳錛屽嵆浣垮鏌愪簺SCSI鎺у埗紼嬪簭LILO涔?鑳借繍杞壇濂姐�?<br>
<br>
褰揕ILO瀹氫綅鍒伴厤緗枃浠跺悗錛岀粡榪囬寮曞榪囩▼錛屽氨鏄劇ず鎻愮ず絎︼細(xì) LILO boot: <br>
<br>
姝ゆ椂錛岀郴緇熺瓟搴旈�夋嫨寮曞涓嶅悓鐨勬搷浣滅郴緇熸垨鑰呬笉鍚岀殑鍐呮牳閰嶇疆錛?鎸塗ab閿樉紺哄彲閫夐」鍒楄〃錛岀劧鍚庤緭鍏ュ彲閫夐」鎴栬�呯洿鎺ュ洖杞﹂�夋嫨緙虹渷閰?緗紝鍋囧閫夋嫨浜?jiǎn)寮曞Linux錛岃繕鍙互鐩存帴浼犻�掑弬鏁板埌緋葷粺鍐呮牳銆?<br>
<br>
鍜屽叾浠栫郴緇熺殑寮曞鍔犺澆紼嬪簭鐩告瘮錛孡ILO鍏鋒湁鏇村ぇ鐨勭伒媧繪�э紝鍏跺紩 瀵兼柟寮忎篃鏇翠赴瀵屽褰┿�?<br>
<br>
鈼忓綋LILO琚畨瑁呭湪紜洏鐨凪BR銆佹椿鍔ㄥ垎鍖烘垨寮曞杞洏涓婃椂錛屼綔涓?鍘熷紩瀵肩▼搴忕殑鏇胯韓錛屽畠鑳藉紩瀵間換涓�紜洏浠諱竴鍒嗗尯涓婄殑Linux鍜屽叾浠栨搷 浣滅郴緇燂紱 <br>
<br>
鈼忛櫎浜?jiǎn)寮曞鎵囧尯锛屽畠娌℃湁鋼Q浣曢殣鍚枃浠訛紝涔熶笉闇�瑕佷嬌鐢ㄧ壒瀹氱殑鍒?鍖猴紝瀹冪殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鍙互鍦ㄤ換浣曞垎鍖恒�佺敋鑷蟲槸瀛樻斁鍦ㄤ笌Linux姣笉鐩稿共 鐨凞OS鍒嗗尯鐨勬煇涓瓙鐩綍涓嬶紱 <br>
<br>
鈼忓畠鑳藉紩瀵煎嚑涓笉鍚岀殑鍐呮牳閰嶇疆錛岀敋鑷蟲槸鍑犱釜涓嶅悓鐨勫唴鏍革紱 <br>
<br>
鈼忓畠鑳藉紩瀵煎悓涓�鏈虹▼搴忎笂鐨勫涓狶inux鐗堟湰錛?<br>
<br>
鈼忓畠鑳戒粠緗戠粶涓婂紩瀵糒inux銆?<br>
<br>
LILO鐨勭伒媧繪�т嬌寰楀叾閰嶇疆鍙樺緱鐩稿綋澶嶆潅錛屽綋鏈夊涓郴緇熷叡瀛樻椂錛?寤鴻鍏堝畨瑁呭叾浠栨搷浣滅郴緇燂紝鏈�鍚庡啀瑁匧inux錛岃繖鏍鳳紝璁劇疆LILO瀵瑰叾浠?緋葷粺鐨勫紩瀵間細(xì)鐩稿綆�鍗曚竴浜涖�?<br>
<br>
浜屻�佸嚑涓噸瑕佺殑LILO寮曞鍙傛暟 <br>
<br>
LILO鐨勫紩瀵煎弬鏁版湁寰堝錛屽湪姝ゅ彧瀵逛竴浜涙瘮杈冮噸瑕佺殑鍙傛暟浣滀竴浠嬬粛 銆?<br>
1.&#8220;boot=&#8221; <br>
<br>
姝ゅ弬鏁版寚鏄庡寘鍚紩瀵兼墖鍖虹殑璁懼鍚嶏紙濡傦細(xì)/dev/had錛夛紝鑻ユ欏瑰拷 鐣ワ紝鍒欎粠褰撳墠鐨勬牴鍒嗗尯涓鍙栧紩瀵兼墖鍖恒�?<br>
<br>
2.&#8220;root=&#8221; <br>
<br>
姝ゅ弬鏁板憡璇夊唴鏍稿惎鍔ㄦ椂浠ュ摢涓澶囦綔涓烘牴鏂囦歡緋葷粺浣跨敤錛屽叾璁懼畾 鍊間負(fù)鏋勯�犲唴鏍告椂鏍規(guī)枃浠剁郴緇熺殑璁懼鍚嶏紝鍙敤鐨勮澶囧悕鏈夛細(xì) <br>
<br>
(1)/dev/hdaN~/dev/hddN錛歋T-506鍏煎紜洏錛宎鍒癲涓婄殑N涓垎鍖?<br>
(2)/dev/sdaN~/dev/sdeN錛歋CSI鍏煎紜洏錛宎鍒癳涓婄殑N涓垎鍖?<br>
(3)/dev/xdaN~/dev/xdbN錛歑T鍏煎紜洏錛宎鍒癰涓婄殑N涓垎鍖?<br>
(4)/dev/fdN錛氳蔣鐩橈紝A錛氾紙N=0錛夋垨B錛氾紙N=1錛?<br>
(5)/dev/nfs錛氱敱緗戠粶鍙栧緱鏍規(guī)枃浠剁郴緇熺殑鏍囧織 <br>
<br>
3.&#8220;nfsroot=&#8221; <br>
鑻ラ渶閫氳繃NFS鎻愪緵鏍規(guī)枃浠剁郴緇熸潵寮曞鏃犵洏宸ヤ綔绔欙紝姝ゅ弬鏁頒負(fù)鍐呮牳 鎸囧畾浜?jiǎn)缃懢l滄牴鏂囦歡緋葷粺鎵�鍦ㄧ殑鏈虹▼搴忋�佺洰褰曞強(qiáng)NFS錛屽叾鏍煎紡涓猴細(xì)nfsroot= 錛堛�坰erver_ip銆?錛夈�坮oot_dir銆夛紙,nfs_options銆夛級(jí) <br>
<br>
4.&#8220;nfsaddrs=&#8221; <br>
璁懼畾緗戠粶閫氳鎵�闇�鐨勫悇縐嶇綉緇滅晫闈㈠湴鍧�錛屽鏃犳鍙傛暟錛屽垯鍐呮牳浼?璇曞浘鐢ㄥ弽鍚戝湴鍧�瑙ｆ瀽鍗忓畾(RARP)鎴栧惎鍔ㄥ崗瀹?BOOTP)鎵懼嚭榪欎簺鍙傛暟錛?<br>
鍏舵牸寮忎負(fù)錛?<br>
<br>
nfsaddrs=銆堝鎴風(fēng)IP銆?銆堟湇鍔＄IP銆?銆堢綉鍏矷P銆?銆堝瓙緗戝睆钄姐�? 銆堝鎴風(fēng)鍚嶇О銆?銆?a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">緗戠粶璁懼</a>鍚嶃��銆?銆坅uto銆?<br>
<br>
5.&#8220;image=&#8221; <br>
鎸囧畾Linux鐨勫唴鏍告枃浠躲�?<br>
<br>
6.&#8220;delay=&#8221; <br>
璁懼畾寮曞絎竴涓槧鍍忓墠鐨勭瓑寰呮椂闂淬�?<br>
<br>
7.&#8220;disk=&#8221; <br>
姝ゅ弬鏁頒負(fù)鏌愪竴闈炲嚒鐨勭‖鐩樺畾涔夐潪鏍囧噯鍙傛暟銆?<br>
<br>
8.&#8220;append=&#8221; <br>
涓哄唴鏍鎬紶閫掍竴涓彲閫夌殑鍙傛暟琛岋紝鍏跺吀鍨嬬殑搴旂敤鏄負(fù)涓嶈兘瀹屽叏鐢辯郴 緇熻嚜鍔ㄨ瘑鍒殑紜洏鎸囧畾鍙傛暟錛屽錛歛ppend = "hd=64,32,202" <br>
<br>
9.&#8220;label=&#8221; <br>
姝ゅ弬鏁頒負(fù)姣忎釜鏄犲儚鎸囧畾涓�涓悕瀛楋紝浠ヤ緵寮曞鏃墮�夋嫨銆?<br>
<br>
10.&#8220;read-only&#8221; <br>
璁懼畾浠ュ彧璇繪柟寮忔寕鍏ユ牴鏂囦歡緋葷粺錛岀敤浜庢枃浠剁郴緇熶竴鑷存�ф鏌ワ紙fsck錛?<br>
銆?<br>
<br>
11.&#8220;install=&#8221; <br>
瀹夎涓�涓寚瀹氭枃浠朵綔涓烘柊鐨勫紩瀵兼墖鍖猴紝緙虹渷涓?boot/boot.b銆?<br>
<br>
12.&#8220;loader=&#8221; <br>
璇存槑鎵�浣跨敤鐨勯摼鍔犺澆紼嬪簭(chain loader)錛岀己鐪佷負(fù)/boot/chain.b錛?銆�鍋囧涓嶆槸浠庨紜洏鎴栬蔣鐩樺惎鍔紝閭ｄ箞錛屾閫夐」蹇呴』璇存槑銆?<br>
<br>
13.&#8220;table=&#8221; <br>
璇存槑鍖呭惈鍒嗗尯琛ㄧ殑璁懼鍚嶏紝鍋囧姝ゅ弬鏁板拷鐣ワ紝寮曞鍔犺澆紼嬪簭灝嗕笉 鑳戒紶閫掑垎鍖轟俊鎭埌宸插紩瀵肩殑鎿嶄綔緋葷粺銆傚綋姝ゅ弬鏁版寚鍚戠殑鍒嗗尯琛ㄨ淇敼 鏃訛紝蹇呴』閲嶆柊榪愯/sbin/lilo銆?<br>
<br>
14.&#8220;init=&#8221; <br>
鍐呮牳鍒濆鍖栨椂鎵ц鐨勭▼搴忥紝閫氬父榪囩▼涓篿nit銆乬etty銆乺c鍜宻h錛?銆�鐗堟湰1.3.43浠ユ潵鐨凩inux鍐呮牳鑳藉鎵ц/sbin/init璇存槑鐨勫懡浠よ錛岃嫢 鍦ㄥ紩瀵艱繃紼嬩腑鍑虹幇闂錛屽垯鍙緗甶nit=/bin/sh鐩存帴璺沖埌Shell銆?<br>
<br>
15.&#8220;ramdisk_start=&#8221; <br>
鐢變簬鍐呮牳涓嶈兘鏀懼湪鍘嬬緝鐨勫唴瀛樻枃浠剁郴緇熸槧鍍忓唴錛屼負(fù)浣垮唴鏍告槧鍍忚兘 澶熷拰鍘嬬緝鐨勫唴瀛樻槧鍍忔斁鍦ㄤ竴寮犺蔣鐩樺唴錛屽姞鍏?#8220;ramdisk_start=銆坥ffset銆?#8221;錛岃繖鏍峰唴鏍告墠? 寮�濮嬫墽琛屻�?<br>
<br>
16.&#8220;mem=&#8221; <br>
姝ゅ弬鏁扮殑鐩殑涔嬩竴鏄負(fù)Linux鎸囧畾浣跨敤鐨勫唴瀛樻暟閲忥細(xì)濡俶em=96MB錛?鐩殑涔嬩簩鏄寚瀹歮em=nopentium鍛婅瘔鍐呮牳涓嶈浣跨敤錛擬B鍒嗛〉琛ㄣ�?<br>
<br>
17.&#8220;vga=&#8221; <br>
璁劇疆鏄劇ず妯″紡錛屽80&#215;50銆?32&#215;44絳夈�?<br>
<br>
涓夈�丩ILO鍏稿瀷閰嶇疆鏂規(guī)硶 <br>
<br>
閫氬父鎯呭喌涓嬶紝Linux鐨勫畨瑁呯▼搴忚嚜韜氨鍙互瀹屾垚LILO鐨勫畨瑁呴厤緗紝 浠庤�岃緝濂藉湴瑙ｅ喅澶氶噸緋葷粺鐨勫紩瀵奸棶棰橈紝鍋囧緋葷粺涓嶈兘鑷姩瀹屾垚榪欑閰?緗紝鍒欏彲浠ラ�氳繃鎵嬪伐淇敼閰嶇疆鏂囦歡/etc/lilo.conf鏉ュ疄鐜頒笉鍚屾潯浠朵笅 鐨勫紩瀵箋�?<br>
<br>
1.褰撶郴緇熻兘鑷姩瀹屾垚閰嶇疆鏃?<br>
<br>
瀵逛簬榪欑鎯呭喌鍙湁涓�涓緩璁細(xì)灝哃ILO瀹夎鍒癓inux鍒嗗尯鐨勬牴涓婏紝 鑰屼笉鏄疢BR榪欎釜澶氫簨鍦板甫銆傚亣璁懼綋鍓峢da1涓鏈塂OS/<a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">Windows</a>錛宧da2涓?瀹夎浜?jiǎn)Linux錛屽垯/etc/lilo.conf鐨勫唴瀹瑰ぇ鑷村涓嬶細(xì) <br>
<br>
boot=/dev/hda2錛冩寚瀹氬紩瀵間綅緗甤ompact delay=50錛冨歡鏃訛紩縐抮oot=current <br>
錛冩牴鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶅垎鍖篿mage=/boot/vmlinuz錛冩寚瀹?a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">linux</a>鐨勫唴鏍告枃浠躲��銆�label=<a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">linux</a> <br>
錛冪敤linux涓轟唬琛ㄥ悕縐般��other=/dev/hda1錛冨叾浠栨搷浣滅郴緇熸墍鍦ㄧ殑鍒嗗尯table=/dev/had <br>
錛冩寚瀹氬寘鍚垎鍖鴻〃鐨勭‖鐩榣abel=dos錛冪敤dos涓轟唬琛ㄥ悕縐?<br>
<br>
2.褰撶郴緇熸棤娉曡嚜鍔ㄥ畬鎴愰厤緗椂 <br>
<br>
緋葷粺鏃犳硶鑷姩瀹屾垚閰嶇疆鐨勬儏鍐典笉澶栦箮涓ょ錛?<br>
錛?錛塀IOS涓嶈兘鐩存帴鐪嬪埌Linux鐨勬牴鍒嗗尯錛?<br>
錛?錛塀IOS鍙兘璇誨啓鏍囧噯IDE紜洏鐨勫墠504MB銆?<br>
<br>
榪欐椂錛屽繀欏婚伒寰竴涓渶鍩烘湰鐨勫師鍒欙細(xì)寤虹珛涓�涓狟IOS鑳藉瓨鍙栫殑杈冨皬 鐨凩inux鍒嗗尯錛屽叾涓寘鍚唴鏍告枃浠躲�佹槧灝勬枃浠跺強(qiáng)閾懼姞杞界▼搴忕瓑蹇呰鍐?瀹癸紝鑰屾牴鍒欏彲浠ユ槸鍙﹀涓�涓嫭绔嬬殑鍒嗗尯銆傝嚦浜庨厤緗笂鐨勫叾浠栫粏鑺傦紝鎴?浠�氳繃浠ヤ笅瀹炰緥鏉ヨ繘琛岃鏄庛�?<br>
<br>
<br>
渚嬶紤錛氫富紜洏涓篒DE鎺ュ彛錛岀浜岀‖鐩樹負(fù)SCSI鎺ュ彛錛屾牴鏂囦歡鍦⊿CSI 涓娿�?<br>
<br>
瀵圭瓥錛氬湪IDE紜洏涓婂垝鍒嗕竴涓緝?yōu)畯鐨凩inux鍒嗗尯錛?dev/hda2錛夛紝 銆�鍏朵腑鍖呭惈鍩烘湰鏂囦歡錛屾寕鎺ュ埌/u2涓嬶紝鍏墮厤緗枃浠?etc/lilo.conf鐨勪富 瑕佸唴瀹逛負(fù)錛?<br>
<br>
boot=/dev/had錛僱ilo瑁呭湪涓籭de鐨刴br <br>
install=/u2/etc/lilo/boot.b錛冧粠boot.b瀹夎lilo寮曞璁板綍 <br>
map=/u2/etc/lilo/map錛冨畨瑁呯▼搴忓緩绔嬫鏄犲皠鏂囦歡錛屽憡璇夊紩瀵艱澆鍏ョ▼搴忓唴鏍稿潡鐨勪綅緗?<br>
compact <br>
timeout=50 <br>
image=/u2/vmlinuz 錛冨唴鏍告枃浠跺簲浜嬪厛鎷瘋礉鍒?u2涓?<br>
label=linux <br>
root=/dev/sda1錛冨憡璇夊唴鏍告牴緋葷粺鍦╯csi紜洏涓妑ead-only <br>
other=/dev/hda1 <br>
loader=/u2/etc/lilo/chain.b 錛冩寚鏄庡姞杞界▼搴弆abel=dos <br>
<br>
渚嬶紥錛氫竴涓爣鍑嗙殑IDE澶х‖鐩橀渶瀹夎Linux鍜孌OS/<a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">Windows</a>銆?<br>
瀵逛簬澶х‖鐩橀棶棰橈紝寰堝浜哄彧鐭ラ亾浣庝簬1024涓煴闈㈢殑闄愬埗錛岃�屼笉鐭?涓轟粈涔堟爣鍑嗙殑IDE紜洏鍙兘璁ゅ墠504MB銆?<br>
<br>
鍏跺疄錛孊IOS鐨刬nt13璋冪敤鏄噰鐢ㄤ笁涓綅鍏冪粍鐨凜HS緙栫爜錛?0浣嶄負(fù)鏌?闈㈠彿錛?浣嶄負(fù)紓佸ご鍙鳳紝6浣嶄負(fù)鎵囧尯鍙楓�傚彲鑳界殑鏌遍潰鍙風(fēng)爜鏄?锝?023錛屽彲
鑳界殑紓佸ご鍙風(fēng)爜鏄?锝?55錛岃�岀閬撲笂鍙兘鐨勬墖鍖哄彿鐮佹槸1锝?3錛屼互榪?4 浣嶆渶澶氬彲浠ュ畾鍧�8455716864涓綅鍏冪粍(7.87<img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98735.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-15 23:34 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/15/98735.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title> Linux LVM </title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/14/98631.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 14 Oct 2009 15:24:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/14/98631.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98631.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/14/98631.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98631.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98631.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<h1 class="title_txt">
<img  src="http://hi.images.csdn.net/images/blog/authorship.gif" alt="鍘熷垱" border="0" height="16" width="15">&nbsp;
Linux LVM
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<p>瀵?
浜嶭inux鐢ㄦ埛鑰岃█錛屽湪瀹夎涓�鍙癓inux鏈哄櫒鐨勬椂鍊欙紝閬囧埌鐨勯棶棰樹箣涓�灝辨槸緇欏悇鍒嗗尯浼拌鍜屽垎媧捐凍澶熺殑紜洏絀洪棿銆傛棤璁哄涓�涓鍦ㄤ負(fù)鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ鎵劇┖闂寸殑緋葷粺綆?
鐞嗗憳錛岃繕鏄竴涓鐩樺嵆灝嗙敤灝界殑鏅�氱敤鎴鋒潵璇達(dá)紝榪欓兘鏄竴涓潪甯稿父瑙佺殑闂銆傝В鍐崇殑鏂規(guī)硶閫氬父鏄嬌鐢ㄧ鍙烽摼鎺ワ紝鎴栬�呬竴浜涜皟鏁村垎鍖哄ぇ灝忕殑宸ュ叿(姣斿
parted)銆備絾鏄紝榪欏彧鏄竴涓殏鏃舵�х殑瑙ｅ喅鍔炴硶錛屼笉涔咃紝鎴戜滑鍙堜細(xì)闈復(fù)鍚屾牱鐨勯棶棰樸�?</p>
<p>銆�銆�濡傛灉浣犳槸涓�涓珯鐐圭殑緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛橈紝綆＄悊鐫�鏁伴噺浼楀鐨勩�佽繛鎺ュ湪Internet涔嬩笂鐨勬湇鍔″櫒錛岄偅涔堜綘姣忓叧鏈轟竴鍒嗛挓錛岄兘浼?xì)缁欏叕鍙稿甫鏉ュ緢澶ф崯澶便�傛澶栵紝浣跨敤榪欑鏂規(guī)硶錛屽湪淇敼浜?jiǎn)鍒嗗岠櫋ㄤ箣鍚庡Q屾瘡涓�嬈￠兘寰楅噸鏂板惎鍔ㄧ郴緇熴�侺VM(閫昏緫鍗風(fēng)鐞嗙▼搴?鍙互甯姪鎴戜滑瑙ｅ喅榪欎簺闂銆?</p>
<p>LVM綆�浠?/p>
<p>銆�銆�Linux LVM鍙互浣跨鐞嗗伐浣滄洿鍔犺交鏉俱�傜浉瀵逛簬紜洏鍜屽垎鍖猴紝LVM鏄粠鏇撮珮鐨勫眰嬈℃潵鐪嬪緟瀛樺偍絀洪棿鐨勩�傚湪浣跨敤LVM涔嬪墠錛屽厛鏉ョ湅涓�浜涘皢瑕佷嬌鐢ㄥ埌鐨勭浉鍏蟲蹇點(diǎn)�?</p>
<p>鐗╃悊鍗?</p>
<p>銆�銆�鐗╃悊鍗鋒槸鎸囩‖鐩樺垎鍖烘垨鑰呬粠閫昏緫涓婄湅璧鋒潵鍜岀‖鐩樺垎鍖虹被浼肩殑璁懼(姣斿RAID璁懼)銆?</p>
<p>閫昏緫鍗?</p>
<p>銆�銆�涓�涓垨鑰呭涓墿鐞嗗嵎緇勬垚涓�涓�昏緫鍗楓�傚浜嶭VM鑰岃█錛岄�昏緫鍗風(fēng)被浼間簬闈濴VM緋葷粺涓殑紜洏鍒嗗尯銆傞�昏緫鍗峰彲浠ュ寘鍚竴涓枃浠剁郴緇?姣斿/home鎴栬�?usr)銆?</p>
<p>鍗風(fēng)粍 </p>
<p>銆�銆�涓�涓垨鑰呭涓�昏緫鍗風(fēng)粍鎴愪竴涓嵎緇勩�傚浜嶭VM鑰岃█錛屽嵎緇勭被浼間簬闈濴VM緋葷粺涓殑鐗╃悊紜洏銆傚嵎緇勬妸澶氫釜閫昏緫鍗風(fēng)粍鍚堝湪涓�璧鳳紝褰㈡垚涓�涓彲綆＄悊鐨勫崟鍏冦�?</p>
<p><br>LVM宸ヤ綔鏂瑰紡</p>
<p style="font-weight: bold;">銆�銆�涓嬮潰鏉ョ湅涓�鐪婰VM鍒板簳鏄�庢牱宸ヤ綔鐨勩�傛瘡涓�涓墿鐞嗗嵎閮借鍒嗘垚鍑犱釜鍩烘湰鍗曞厓錛屽嵆鎵�璋撶殑PE(Physical
Extents)銆侾E鐨勫ぇ灝忔槸鍙彉鐨勶紝浣嗘槸蹇呴』鍜屽叾鎵�灞炲嵎緇勭殑鐗╃悊鍗風(fēng)浉鍚屻�傚湪姣忎竴涓墿鐞嗗嵎閲岋紝姣忎竴涓狿E閮芥湁涓�涓儫涓�鐨勭紪鍙楓�侾E鏄竴涓墿鐞嗗瓨鍌ㄩ噷鍙互
琚獿VM瀵誨潃鐨勬渶灝忓崟鍏冦�?</p>
<p style="font-weight: bold;">銆�銆�姣忎竴涓�昏緫鍗蜂篃琚垎鎴愪竴浜涘彲琚鍧�鐨勫熀鏈崟浣嶏紝鍗蟲墍璋撶殑LE(Logical Extents)銆傚湪鍚屼竴涓嵎緇勪腑錛孡E鐨勫ぇ灝忓拰PE鏄浉鍚岀殑錛屽緢鏄劇劧錛孡E鐨勫ぇ灝忓浜庝竴涓嵎緇勪腑鐨勬墍鏈夐�昏緫鍗鋒潵璇撮兘鏄浉鍚岀殑銆?</p>
<p>銆�銆�鍦ㄤ竴涓墿鐞嗗嵎涓紝姣忎竴涓狿E閮芥湁涓�涓儫涓�鐨勭紪鍙鳳紝浣嗘槸瀵逛簬閫昏緫鍗瘋繖騫朵笉涓�瀹氭槸蹇呴渶鐨勩�傝繖鏄洜涓哄綋榪欎簺PE
ID鍙蜂笉鑳戒嬌鐢ㄦ椂錛岄�昏緫鍗峰彲浠ョ敱涓�浜涚墿鐞嗗嵎緇勬垚銆傚洜姝わ紝LE
ID鍙鋒槸鐢ㄤ簬璇嗗埆LE浠ュ強(qiáng)涓庝箣鐩稿叧鐨勭壒瀹歅E鐨勩�傛濡傚墠闈㈡墍鎻愬埌鐨勶紝LE鍜孭E涔嬮棿鏄竴涓�瀵瑰簲鐨勩�傛瘡涓�嬈″瓨鍌ㄥ尯鍩熻瀵誨潃璁塊棶鎴栬�匧E鐨処D琚嬌鐢紝閮戒細(xì)鎶?
鏁版嵁鍐欏湪鐗╃悊瀛樺偍璁懼涔嬩笂銆?</p>
<p>銆�銆�浣犲彲鑳戒細(xì)瑙夊緱濂囨�紝鏈夊叧閫昏緫鍗峰拰閫昏緫鍗風(fēng)粍鐨勬墍鏈夊厓鏁版嵁閮藉瓨鍒板摢鍎垮幓浜?jiǎn)銆傜被浼肩殑鍦ㄩ潪LVM緋葷粺涓紝鏈夊叧鍒嗗尯鐨勬暟鎹槸瀛樺偍鍦ㄥ垎鍖鴻〃涓紝鑰屽垎鍖鴻〃琚瓨鍌ㄥ湪浜?jiǎn)姣忎竴涓墿鐞嗗嵎鐨勮搗濮嬩綅緗�俈GDA(鍗風(fēng)粍鎻忚堪絎﹀尯鍩?鍔熻兘灝卞ソ璞℃槸LVM鐨勫垎鍖鴻〃錛屽畠瀛樺偍鍦ㄦ瘡涓�涓墿鐞嗗嵎鐨勮搗濮嬪銆?</p>
<p>銆�銆�VGDA鐢變互涓嬩俊鎭粍鎴愶細(xì) </p>
<p>銆�銆�鈼?涓�涓狿V鎻忚堪絎?<br>銆�銆�鈼?涓�涓猇G鎻忚堪絎?<br>銆�銆�鈼?LV鎻忚堪絎?<br>銆�銆�鈼?涓�浜汸E鎻忚堪絎?/p>
<p>銆�銆�褰撶郴緇熷惎鍔↙V鏃訛紝VG琚縺媧伙紝騫朵笖VGDA琚姞杞借嚦鍐呭瓨銆俈GDA甯姪璇嗗埆LV鐨勫疄闄呭瓨鍌ㄤ綅緗�傚綋緋葷粺鎯寵璁塊棶瀛樺偍璁懼鏃訛紝鐢盫GDA寤虹珛璧鋒潵鐨勬槧灝勬満鍒跺氨鐢ㄤ簬璁塊棶瀹為檯鐨勭墿鐞嗕綅緗潵鎵цI/O鎿嶄綔銆?</p>
<p>寮�濮嬪伐浣?/p>
<p>銆�銆�涓嬮潰鍏蜂綋鐪嬩竴鐪嬪浣曚嬌鐢↙VM銆?</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎竴姝ワ細(xì)閰嶇疆鍐呮牳銆傚湪瀹夎LVM涔嬪墠錛屽唴鏍鎬箣涓簲璇ユ湁LVM妯″潡錛屽彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄤ互涓嬬殑姝ラ鏉ュ畬鎴愶細(xì) </p>
<p><br>銆�銆�#cd /usr/src/linux<br>銆�銆�#make menuconfig</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�閫夋嫨Multi-device Support (RAID and LVM)瀛愯彍鍗曪紝閫変腑浠ヤ笅涓や釜閫夐」錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�[*] Multiple devices driver support (RAID and LVM)<br>銆�銆�&lt;*&gt; Logical volume manager (LVM) Support.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎簩姝ワ細(xì)媯�(gè)鏌ラ┍鍔ㄥ櫒涓婄┖闂茬‖鐩樼┖闂寸殑鎬婚噺銆傝繖鍙互閫氳繃浠ヤ笅鍛戒護(hù)鏉ユ湭瀹屾垚錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# df -h<br>銆�銆�Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br>銆�銆�/dev/hda1 3.1G 2.7G 398M 87% /<br>銆�銆�/dev/hda2 4.0G 3.2G 806M 80% /home<br>銆�銆�/dev/hda5 2.1G 1.0G 1.1G 48% /var</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎笁姝ワ細(xì)鍦ㄧ‖鐩樹笂鍒涘緩涓�涓狶VM鍒嗗尯銆備嬌鐢╢disk鎴栬�呭叾瀹冪殑鍒嗗尯宸ュ叿鏉ュ垱寤轟竴涓狶VM鍒嗗尯銆侺inux LVM鐨勫垎鍖虹被鍨嬩負(fù)8e銆?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# fdisk /dev/hda<br>銆�銆�press p (to print the partition table) and n (to create a new partition)</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎洓姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩涓�涓墿鐞嗗嵎銆備笅榪板懡浠ゅ皢鍦ㄥ垎鍖虹殑璧峰澶勫垱寤轟竴涓嵎緇勬弿榪扮錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <strong><font color="#ff1493">pvcreate /dev/hda6</font></strong><br>銆�銆�pvcreate -- -physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully created<br>銆�銆�# pvcreate /dev/hda7<br>銆�銆�pvcreate- -- physical volume "/dev/hda7" successfully created</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎簲姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩涓�涓嵎緇勩�傞�氳繃涓嬮潰鐨勬柟娉曞垱寤轟竴涓柊鐨勫嵎緇勶紝騫朵笖娣誨姞涓や釜鐗╃悊鍗鳳細(xì) </p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <font color="#ff1493"><strong>vgcreate test_lvm /dev/hda6 /dev/hda7<br></strong></font>銆�銆�vgcreate- -- INFO: using default physical extent size 4 MB<br>銆�銆�vgcreate- -- INFO: maximum logical volume size is 255.99 Gigabyte<br>銆�銆�vgcreate- -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test_lvm"<br>銆�銆�vgcreate- -- volume group "test_lvm" successfully created and activated</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�涓婅堪鍛戒護(hù)灝嗗垱寤轟竴涓悕涓簍est_lvm錛屽寘鍚湁/dev/hda6鍜?dev/hda7涓や釜鐗╃悊鍗風(fēng)殑鍗風(fēng)粍銆備嬌鐢ㄤ笅闈㈠懡浠ゆ潵嬋�媧誨嵎緇勶細(xì) </p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <strong><font color="#ff1493">vgchange -ay test_lvm</font></strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�浣跨敤&#8220;vgdisplay&#8221;鍛戒護(hù)鏉ユ煡鐪嬫墍寤虹珛鍗風(fēng)粍鐨勭粏鑺備俊鎭�?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <font color="#ff1493"><strong>vgdisplay<br></strong></font>銆�銆�--- Volume group ---<br>銆�銆�VG Name test_lvm<br>銆�銆�VG Access read/write<br>銆�銆�VG Status available/resizable<br>銆�銆�VG # 0<br>銆�銆�MAX LV 256<br>銆�銆�Cur LV 1<br>銆�銆�Open LV 0<br>銆�銆�MAX LV Size 255.99 GB<br>銆�銆�Max PV 256<br>銆�銆�Cur PV 2<br>銆�銆�Act PV 2<br>銆�銆�VG Size 3.91 GB<br>銆�銆�PE Size 4 MB<br>銆�銆�Total PE 1000<br>銆�銆�Alloc PE / Size 256 / 1 GB<br>銆�銆�Free PE / Size 744 / 2.91 GB<br>銆�銆�VG UUID T34zIt-HDPs-uo6r-cBDT-UjEq-EEPB-GF435E</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎叚姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩涓�涓�昏緫鍗楓�備嬌鐢╨vcreate鍛戒護(hù)鍦ㄥ嵎緇勪腑鍒涘緩涓�涓�昏緫鍗鳳細(xì) </p>
<p><br>銆�銆�#<font color="#ff1493"><strong> lvcreate -L2G -nlogvol1 test_lvm</strong></font></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎竷姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩鏂囦歡緋葷粺銆傚湪璇ラ�昏緫鍗蜂笂閫夋嫨浣跨敤reiserfs鏃ュ織鏂囦歡緋葷粺錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <strong><font color="#ff1493">mkreiserfs /dev/test_lvm/logvol1</font></strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�浣跨敤mount鍛戒護(hù)鏉ュ姞杞芥柊鍒涘緩鐨勬枃浠剁郴緇熴�?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <font color="#ff1493"><strong>mount -t reiserfs /dev/test_lvm/logvol1 /mnt/lv1</strong></font></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎叓姝ワ細(xì)鍦?etc/fstab鍜?etc/lilo.conf涓坊鍔犱竴涓叆鍙ｃ�傚湪/etc/fstab涓姞鍏ヤ互涓嬪叆鍙ｏ紝鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄦ椂鍔犺澆鏂囦歡緋葷粺錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�<strong><font color="#ff1493">/dev/test_lvm/logvol1 /mnt/lv1 reiserfs defaults 1 1</font></strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�濡傛灉娌℃湁瑕嗙洊鍘熸潵鐨勫唴鏍革紝閭ｄ箞鎷瘋礉涓�浠介噸鏂扮紪璇戝悗鐨勫唴鏍革紝騫朵笖鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄦ椂閫夋嫨鏄惁浣跨敤LVM銆備笅闈㈡槸LILO鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹癸細(xì) </p>
<p><br>銆�銆�image = /boot/lvm_kernel_image<br>銆�銆�label = linux-lvm<br>銆�銆�root = /dev/hda1<br>銆�銆�initrd = /boot/init_image<br>銆�銆�ramdisk = 8192</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�娣誨姞浠ヤ笂鍐呭鍚庯紝浣跨敤浠ヤ笅鍛戒護(hù)閲嶆柊鍔犺澆LILO錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�#/sbin/lilo</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>銆�銆�絎節(jié)姝ワ細(xì)淇敼閫昏緫鍗風(fēng)殑澶у皬銆傚彲浠ヤ嬌鐢╨vextend鍛戒護(hù)鏂逛究鍦頒慨鏀歸�昏緫鍗風(fēng)殑澶у皬錛屽鍔犻�昏緫鍗峰ぇ灝忕殑鏂規(guī)硶濡備笅錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <strong><font color="#ff1493">lvextend -L+1G /dev/test_lvm/logvol1</font></strong><br>銆�銆�lvextend -- extending logical volume "/dev/test_lvm/logvol1" to 3GB<br>銆�銆�lvextend -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test_lvm"<br>銆�銆�lvextend -- logical volume "/dev/test_lvm/logvol1" successfully extended</p>
<p><br>銆�銆� <br>銆�銆�綾諱技鐨勶紝鍑忓皬閫昏緫鍗峰ぇ灝忕殑鏂規(guī)硶濡備笅錛?</p>
<p><br>銆�銆�# <strong><font color="#ff1493">lvreduce -L-1G /dev/test_lvm/lv1<br></font></strong>銆�銆�lvreduce -- -Warning: reducing active logical volume to 2GB<br>銆�銆�lvreduce- -- This may destroy your data (filesystem etc.)<br>銆�銆�lvreduce -- -do you really want to reduce "/dev/test_lvm/lv1"? [y/n]: y<br>銆�銆�lvreduce- -- doing automatic backup of volume group "test_lvm"<br>銆�銆�lvreduce- -- logical volume "/dev/test_lvm/lv1" successfully reduced</p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98631.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-14 23:24 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/14/98631.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux涓殑dmesg浜?jiǎn)瑙?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98534.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Tue, 13 Oct 2009 15:16:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98534.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98534.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98534.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98534.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98534.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[銆�銆�dmesg 鏄竴涓樉紺哄唴鏍哥紦鍐插尯緋葷粺鎺у埗淇℃伅鐨勫伐鍏?姣斿緋葷粺鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄦ椂鐨勪俊鎭細(xì)鍐欏埌/var/log/<br>
<br>
娉?dmesg 宸ュ叿騫朵笉鏄笓闂ㄧ敤鏉ユ煡鐪嬬‖浠惰姱鐗囩粍鏍囪瘑鐨勫伐鍏鳳紝浣嗛�氳繃榪欎釜宸ュ叿鑳借鎴戜滑鐭ラ亾鏈哄櫒涓殑紜歡鐨勪竴浜涘弬鏁?鍥犱負(fù)緋葷粺鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄧ殑鏃跺�欙紝浼?xì)鍐欎竴浜涚‖浠剁浉鍏崇殑鏃ュ織鍒?/var/log/message* 鎴?br>
/var/log/boot* 鏂囦歡涓?<br>
<br>
濡傛灉鎴戜滑鐢ㄨ繖涓伐鍏鋒潵鏌ョ湅涓�浜涚‖浠剁殑淇℃伅;榪欎釜宸ュ叿淇℃伅閲忓お澶э紝鐨勭‘闇�瑕佽�愬績(jī);<br>
<br>
[root@panda ~]# dmesg<br>
[root@panda ~]# dmesg -c 娉?娓呯悊鎺夌紦鍐插尯錛屼笅嬈″紑鏈虹殑鏃跺�欒繕浼?xì)鑷姩鐢熸?<br><br><br><br><strong>鍔熻兘璇存槑錛?/strong>鏄劇ず寮�鏈轟俊鎭�?br><br><strong>璇��銆�娉曪細(xì)</strong>dmesg&nbsp;[-cn][-s&nbsp;&lt;緙撳啿鍖哄ぇ灝?gt;]<br><br><strong>琛ュ厖璇存槑錛?/strong>kernel浼?xì)灏嗗紑鏈轟俊鎭?a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">瀛樺偍</a>鍦╮ing&nbsp;buffer涓�傛?zhèn)ㄨ嫢鏄紑鏈烘椂鏉ヤ笉鍙?qiáng)鏌ョ湅淇℃伅锛屽彲鍒╃敤dmesg鏉ユ煡鐪嬨�傚紑鏈轟俊鎭害淇濆瓨鍦?var/log鐩綍涓紝鍚嶇О涓篸mesg鐨勬枃浠墮噷銆?br><br><strong>鍙傘��銆�鏁幫細(xì)</strong><br>銆�-c&nbsp;銆�鏄劇ず淇℃伅鍚庯紝娓呴櫎ring&nbsp;buffer涓殑鍐呭銆?nbsp;<br>銆�-s&lt;緙撳啿鍖哄ぇ灝?gt;&nbsp;銆�棰勮緗負(fù)8196錛屽垰濂界瓑浜巖ing&nbsp;buffer鐨勫ぇ灝忋�?nbsp;<br>銆�-n&nbsp;銆�璁劇疆璁板綍淇℃伅鐨勫眰綰с�?<br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98534.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-13 23:16 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98534.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>鏌ョ湅紜歡</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98533.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Tue, 13 Oct 2009 15:14:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98533.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98533.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98533.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98533.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98533.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[lspci<br>
lsusb<br>fdisk -l<br>
df<br>
dmesg<br>UNE2FS;PARTED<br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98533.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-13 23:14 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98533.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux鏌ョ湅紜歡淇℃伅鍙?qiáng)椹卞姩璁惧?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98532.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Tue, 13 Oct 2009 15:10:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98532.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98532.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98532.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98532.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98532.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="g_blog_list">
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<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐢ㄧ‖浠舵嫻?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">紼嬪簭</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">kudzu</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鎺㈡祴鏂扮‖浠訛細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">service kudzu start ( or restart)<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">CPU</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/cpuinfo<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅鏉垮崱淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/pci<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">PCI</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">lspci (</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐩告瘮</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/pci</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏇寸洿瑙傦級(jí)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鍐呭瓨</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/meminfo<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">USB</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">璁懼錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/bus/</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">usb</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">/devices<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅閿洏鍜岄紶鏍?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">:cat /proc/bus/input/devices<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">緋葷粺紜洏</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅鍜屼嬌鐢ㄦ儏鍐碉細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">fdisk &amp; disk - l &amp; df<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅鍚勮澶囩殑涓柇璇鋒眰</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">(IRQ):cat /proc/interrupts<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅緋葷粺浣撶郴緇撴瀯錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">uname -a<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鍦?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">LINUX</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐜寮�鍙戦┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忥紝棣栧厛瑕佹帰嫻嬪埌鏂扮‖浠訛紝鎺ヤ笅鏉ュ氨鏄紑鍙戦┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忋�?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">甯哥敤鍛戒護(hù)鏁寸悊濡備笅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐢ㄧ‖浠舵嫻嬬▼搴?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">kudzu</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鎺㈡祴鏂扮‖浠訛細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">service kudzu start ( or restart)<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">CPU</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/cpuinfo<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅鏉垮崱淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/pci<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">PCI</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">lspci (</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐩告瘮</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/pci</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏇寸洿瑙傦級(jí)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅鍐呭瓨淇℃伅錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/meminfo<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">USB</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">璁懼錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cat /proc/bus/usb/devices<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅閿洏鍜岄紶鏍?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">:cat /proc/bus/input/devices<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅緋葷粺紜洏淇℃伅鍜屼嬌鐢ㄦ儏鍐碉細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">fdisk &amp; disk - l &amp; df<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅鍚勮澶囩殑涓柇璇鋒眰</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">(IRQ):cat /proc/interrupts<br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅緋葷粺浣撶郴緇撴瀯錛?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">uname &#8211;a</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;" align="left"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鐪嬬湅緋葷粺璁ゅ嚭鐨勭洏鍏堬細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: arial;" lang="EN-US"> cat&nbsp;/proc/partitions</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>dmidecode</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅紜歡淇℃伅錛屽寘鎷?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">bios</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">銆?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">cpu</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">銆佸唴瀛樼瓑淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>dmesg | more </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏌ョ湅紜歡淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">瀵逛簬</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">&#8220;/proc&#8221;</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓枃浠跺彲浣跨敤鏂囦歡鏌ョ湅鍛戒護(hù)嫻忚鍏跺唴瀹癸紝鏂囦歡涓寘鍚郴緇熺壒瀹氫俊鎭細(xì)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Cpuinfo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓繪満</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">CPU</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Dma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓繪満</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">DMA</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">閫氶亾淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Filesystems&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鏂囦歡緋葷粺淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Interrupts&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓繪満涓柇淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Ioprots&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓繪満</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US">I/O</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">绔彛鍙蜂俊鎭?/span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Meninfo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">涓繪満鍐呭瓨淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"><br>Version&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Linux</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 瀹嬩綋;">鍐呭瓨鐗堟湰淇℃伅</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: verdana;" lang="EN-US"></span></p>
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</div><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98532.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-13 23:10 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/13/98532.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>linux璁懼綆＄悊鏂囦歡緋葷粺-devfs涓巗ysfs</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98444.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 15:35:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98444.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98444.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98444.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98444.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98444.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman">linux涓嬫湁涓撻棬鐨勬枃浠剁郴緇熺敤鏉ュ璁懼榪涜綆＄悊錛宒evfs鍜宻ysfs灝辨槸鍏朵腑2縐嶃�?/font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Times New Roman">鍦?.6
鍐呮牳浠ュ墠涓�鐩翠嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏄痙evfs錛宒evfs鎸傝澆浜?dev鐩綍涓嬶紝鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)涓�縐嶇被浼間簬鏂囦歡鐨勬柟娉曟潵綆＄悊浣嶄簬/dev鐩綍涓嬬殑鎵�鏈夎澶囷紝鎴戜滑鐭ラ亾/dev鐩?
褰曚笅鐨勬瘡涓�涓枃浠墮兘瀵瑰簲鐨勬槸涓�涓澶囷紝鑷充簬褰撳墠璇ヨ澶囧瓨鍦ㄤ笌鍚﹀厛涓斾笉璁猴紝鑰屼笖榪欎簺鐗規(guī)畩鏂囦歡鏄綅浜庢牴鏂囦歡緋葷粺涓婄殑錛屽湪鍒朵綔鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨勬椂鍊欐垜浠氨宸茬粡寤虹珛浜?jiǎn)杩?
浜涜澶囨枃浠訛紝鍥犳閫氳繃鎿嶄綔榪欎簺鐗規(guī)畩鏂囦歡錛屽彲浠ュ疄鐜頒笌鍐呮牳榪涜浜や簰銆備絾鏄痙evfs鏂囦歡緋葷粺鏈変竴浜涚己鐐癸紝渚嬪錛氫笉紜畾鐨勮澶囨槧灝勶紝鏈夋椂涓�涓澶囨槧灝勭殑璁懼鏂?
浠跺彲鑳戒笉鍚岋紝渚嬪鎴戠殑U鐩樺彲鑳藉搴攕da鏈夊彲鑳藉搴攕db錛涙病鏈夎凍澶熺殑涓?杈呰澶囧彿錛屽綋璁懼榪囧鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鏄劇劧榪欎細(xì)鎴愪負(fù)涓�涓棶棰橈紱/dev鐩綍涓嬫枃浠跺お澶氳�?
涓斾笉鑳借〃紺哄綋鍓嶇郴緇熶笂鐨勫疄闄呰澶囷紱鍛藉悕涓嶅鐏墊椿錛屼笉鑳戒換鎰忔寚瀹氱瓑絳夈�?/font></p>
<font size="3" face="Times New Roman">姝ｅ洜涓轟笂榪拌繖浜涢棶棰樼殑瀛樺湪錛屽湪linux2.6鍐呮牳浠ュ悗錛屽紩鍏ヤ簡(jiǎn)涓�
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鐨勬枃浠剁郴緇焥ysfs錛屽畠鎸傝澆浜?sys鐩綍涓嬶紝璺焏evfs涓�鏍峰畠涔熸槸涓�涓櫄鎷熸枃浠剁郴緇燂紝涔熸槸鐢ㄦ潵瀵圭郴緇熺殑璁懼榪涜綆＄悊鐨勶紝瀹冩妸瀹為檯榪炴帴鍒扮郴緇熶笂鐨勮澶?
鍜屾�葷嚎緇勭粐鎴愪竴涓垎綰х殑鏂囦歡錛岀敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂寸殑紼嬪簭鍚屾牱鍙互鍒╃敤榪欎簺淇℃伅浠ュ疄鐜板拰鍐呮牳鐨勪氦浜掞紝璇ユ枃浠剁郴緇熸槸褰撳墠緋葷粺涓婂疄闄呰澶囨爲(wèi)鐨勪竴涓洿瑙傚弽搴旓紝瀹冩槸閫氳繃
kobject瀛愮郴緇熸潵寤虹珛榪欎釜淇℃伅鐨勶紝褰撲竴涓猭object琚垱寤虹殑鏃跺�欙紝瀵瑰簲鐨勬枃浠跺拰鐩綍涔熷氨琚垱寤轟簡(jiǎn)錛屼綅浜?sys涓嬬殑鐩稿叧鐩綍涓嬶紝鏃㈢劧姣忎釜璁懼鍦?
sysfs涓兘鏈夊敮涓�瀵瑰簲鐨勭洰褰曪紝閭ｄ箞涔熷氨鍙互琚敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂磋鍐欎簡(jiǎn)銆傜敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂寸殑宸ュ叿udev灝辨槸鍒╃敤浜?jiǎn)sysfs鎻愪緵鐨勪俊鎭潵瀹炵幇鎵�鏈塪evfs鐨勫姛鑳界殑錛?
浣嗕笉鍚岀殑鏄痷dev榪愯鍦ㄧ敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂翠腑錛岃�宒evfs鍗磋繍琛屽湪鍐呮牳絀洪棿錛岃�屼笖udev涓嶅瓨鍦╠evfs閭ｄ簺鍏堝ぉ鐨勭己闄楓�傚緢鏄劇劧錛宻ysfs灝嗘槸鏈潵鍙戝睍鐨勬柟
鍚戙�?/font><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98444.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-12 23:35 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98444.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux緋葷粺璁懼綆＄悊 </title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98443.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 15:34:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98443.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98443.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98443.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98443.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98443.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<font id="" font_word="" class="htd">璁懼綆＄悊鏄搷浣滅郴緇熶簲澶х鐞嗕腑鏈�澶嶆潅鐨勯儴鍒嗐�備笌Unix緋葷粺涓�鏍鳳紝Linux緋葷粺閲囩敤璁懼鏂囦歡緇熶竴綆＄悊紜歡璁懼錛屼粠鑰屽皢紜歡璁懼鐨勭壒鎬у強(qiáng)綆＄悊緇嗚妭瀵圭敤鎴烽殣钘忚搗鏉ワ紝瀹炵幇鐢ㄦ埛紼嬪簭涓庤澶囨棤鍏蟲�с�傚湪Linux緋葷粺涓紝紜歡璁懼鍒嗕負(fù)涓ょ錛屽嵆鍧楄澶囧拰瀛楃璁懼銆?br><br>1.鐗瑰埆鏂囦歡<br><br>鐢ㄦ埛鏄�氳繃鏂囦歡緋葷粺涓庤澶囨帴鍙ｇ殑錛屾墍鏈夎澶囬兘浣滀負(fù)鐗瑰埆鏂囦歡錛屼粠鑰屽湪綆＄悊涓婂氨鍏鋒湁涓�浜涘叡鎬с�?(1)姣忎釜璁懼閮藉搴旀枃浠剁郴緇熶腑鐨勪竴涓儲(chǔ)寮曡妭鐐癸紝閮芥湁涓�涓枃浠跺悕銆傝澶囩殑鏂囦歡鍚嶄竴鑸敱涓ら儴鍒嗘瀯鎴愶紝絎竴閮ㄥ垎鏄富璁懼鍙鳳紝絎簩閮ㄥ垎鏄璁懼鍙楓�?br><br>涓昏澶囧彿浠ｈ〃璁懼鐨勭被鍨嬶紝鍙互鎯熶竴鍦扮‘瀹氳澶囩殑椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍜岀晫闈紝濡俬d琛ㄧずIDE紜洏錛宻d琛ㄧずSCSI紜洏錛宼ty琛ㄧず緇堢璁懼絳夛紱嬈¤澶囧彿浠ｈ〃鍚岀被璁懼涓殑搴忓彿錛屽hda琛ㄧずIDE涓葷‖鐩橈紝hdb琛ㄧずIDE浠庣‖鐩樼瓑銆?br><br>錛?錛夊簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忛�氬父鍙互閫氳繃緋葷粺璋冪敤open( )鎵撳紑璁懼鏂囦歡錛屽緩绔嬭搗涓庣洰鏍囪澶囩殑榪炴帴銆?br><br>錛?錛夊璁懼鐨勪嬌鐢ㄧ被浼間簬瀵規(guī)枃浠剁殑瀛樺彇銆傛墦寮�璁懼鏂囦歡浠ュ悗錛屽氨鍙互閫氳繃read( )銆亀rite( )銆乮octl( )絳夋枃浠舵搷浣滃鐩爣璁懼榪涜鎿嶄綔銆?br><br>錛?錛?
璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭閮芥槸緋葷粺鍐呮牳鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎錛屽畠浠繀欏諱負(fù)緋葷粺鍐呮牳鎴栧畠浠殑瀛愮郴緇熸彁渚涗竴涓爣鍑嗙殑鎺ュ彛銆備緥濡傦紝涓�涓粓绔┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忓繀欏諱負(fù)Linux鍐呮牳鎻愪緵涓�涓枃浠?
I/O鎺ュ彛錛涗竴涓猄CSI璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭搴旇涓篠CSI瀛愮郴緇熸彁渚涗竴涓猄CSI璁懼鎺ュ彛錛屽悓鏃禨CSI瀛愮郴緇熶篃搴斾負(fù)鍐呮牳鎻愪緵鏂囦歡I/O鍜岀紦鍐插尯銆?br><br>錛?錛夎澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忓埄鐢ㄤ竴浜涙爣鍑嗙殑鍐呮牳鏈嶅姟錛屽鍐呭瓨鍒嗛厤絳夈�傚彟澶栵紝澶у鏁癓inux璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭閮藉彲浠ュ湪闇�瑕佹椂瑁呭叆鍐呮牳錛屼笉闇�瑕佹椂鍙互鍗歌澆涓嬫潵銆?br><br> <center><img  src="http://unix-cd.com/unixcd12/eWebEditor/UploadFile/2005124211134720.jpg" alt=""></center><br><br> <center>鍥? 璁懼椹卞姩鍒嗗眰緇撴瀯紺烘剰鍥?/center>
<div align="left">鍥?紺哄嚭璁懼椹卞姩鐨勫垎灞傜粨鏋勶紝浠庝腑鍙互鐪嬪嚭錛屽浜庡簲鐢ㄥ眰鐨勮繘紼嬮�氳繃鏂囦歡鎻忚堪瀛梖d涓庡凡鎵撳紑鏂囦歡鐨刦ile緇撴瀯鐩歌仈緋匯�傚湪鏂囦歡緋葷粺灞傦紝鎸夌収鏂囦歡緋葷粺鐨勬搷浣滆鍒欏璇ユ枃浠惰繘琛岀浉搴斿鐞嗐�?br><br>瀵逛簬涓�鑸枃浠?鍗崇鐩樻枃浠?錛岃榪涜絀洪棿鐨勬槧灝勨�斾粠鏅�氭枃浠剁殑閫昏緫絀洪棿鏄犲皠鍒拌澶囩殑閫昏緫絀洪棿錛岀劧鍚庡湪璁懼椹卞姩灞傚仛榪涗竴姝ユ槧灝勨�斾粠璁懼鐨勯�昏緫絀洪棿鏄犲皠鍒扮墿鐞嗙┖闂?鍗寵澶囩殑鐗╃悊鍦板潃絀洪棿)錛岃繘鑰岄┍鍔ㄥ簳灞傜墿鐞嗚澶囧伐浣溿�?br><br>瀵逛簬璁懼鏂囦歡錛屽垯鏂囦歡鐨勯�昏緫絀洪棿閫氬父灝辯瓑浠蜂簬璁懼鐨勯�昏緫絀洪棿錛岀劧鍚庝粠璁懼鐨勯�昏緫絀洪棿鏄犲皠鍒拌澶囩殑鐗╃悊絀洪棿錛屽啀椹卞姩搴曞眰鐨勭墿鐞嗚澶囧伐浣溿�?br><br>2.璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍜屽唴鏍鎬箣闂寸殑鎺ュ彛<br><br>Linux緋葷粺鍜岃澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忎箣闂翠嬌鐢ㄦ爣鍑嗙殑浜や簰鎺ュ彛銆傛棤璁烘槸瀛楃璁懼銆佸潡璁懼榪樻槸緗戠粶璁懼鐨勯┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忥紝褰撳唴鏍歌姹傚畠浠彁渚涙湇鍔℃椂錛岄兘浣跨敤鍚屾牱鐨勬帴鍙ｃ�?br><br>Linux
鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)涓�縐嶅叏鏂扮殑鏈哄埗錛屽氨鏄?#8220;鍙畨瑁呮ā鍧?#8221;銆傚彲瀹夎妯″潡鏄彲浠ュ湪緋葷粺榪愯鏃跺姩鎬佸湴瀹夎鍜屾媶鍗哥殑鍐呮牳妯″潡銆傚埄鐢ㄨ繖涓満鍒訛紝鍙互鏍規(guī)嵁闇�瑕佸湪涓嶅繀瀵瑰唴鏍擱噸鏂扮紪璇?
榪炴帴鐨勬潯浠朵笅錛屽皢鍙畨瑁呮ā鍧楀姩鎬佹彃鍏ヨ繍琛屼腑鐨勫唴鏍革紝鎴愪負(fù)鍏朵腑涓�涓湁鏈虹粍鎴愰儴鍒嗭紝鎴栬�呬粠鍐呮牳鍗歌澆宸插畨瑁呯殑妯″潡銆傝澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忔垨涓庤澶囬┍鍔ㄧ揣瀵嗙浉鍏崇殑閮ㄥ垎(濡?
鏂囦歡緋葷粺) 閮芥槸鍒╃敤鍙畨瑁呮ā鍧楀疄鐜扮殑銆?br><br>鍦ㄥ簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忕晫闈笂錛屽埄鐢ㄥ唴鏍告彁渚涚殑緋葷粺璋冪敤鏉ュ疄鐜板彲瀹夎妯″潡鐨勫姩鎬佸畨瑁呭拰鎷嗗嵏銆備絾閫氬父鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鐢ㄦ埛鏄埄鐢ㄧ郴緇熸彁渚涚殑鎻掑叆妯″潡宸ュ叿鍜岀Щ璧版ā鍧楀伐鍏鋒潵瑁呭嵏鍙畨瑁呮ā鍧椼�傛彃鍏ユā鍧楃殑宸ヤ綔涓昏濡備笅錛?br><br>(1) 鎵撳紑瑕佸畨瑁呯殑妯″潡錛屾妸瀹冭鍒扮敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂淬�傝繖縐?#8220;妯″潡&#8221;灝辨槸緇忚繃緙栬瘧浣嗗皻鏈繛鎺ョ殑.o鏂囦歡銆?br><br>(2) 蹇呴』鎶婃ā鍧楀唴娑夊強(qiáng)瀵瑰璁塊棶鐨勭鍙?鍑芥暟鍚嶆垨鍙橀噺鍚?榪炴帴鍒板唴鏍革紝鍗蟲妸榪欎簺絎﹀彿鍦ㄥ唴鏍告槧鍍忎腑鐨勫湴鍧�濉叆璇ユā鍧楅渶瑕佽闂繖浜涚鍙風(fēng)殑鎸囦護(hù)鍙?qiáng)鏁版嵁缁撴瀯涓�?br><br>(3) 鍦ㄥ唴鏍稿垱寤轟竴涓猰odule鏁版嵁緇撴瀯錛屽茍鐢寵鎵�闇�鐨勭郴緇熺┖闂淬�?br><br>(4) 鏈�鍚庯紝鎶婄敤鎴風(fēng)┖闂翠腑瀹屾垚浜?jiǎn)杩炴帴鐨勬ā鍧楁槧鍍忚鍏ュ唴鏍附I洪棿錛屽茍鍦ㄥ唴鏍鎬腑&#8220;鐧昏&#8221;鏈ā鍧楃殑鏈夊叧鏁版嵁緇撴瀯(濡俧ile_operations緇撴瀯)錛屽叾涓湁鎸囧悜鎵ц鐩稿叧鎿嶄綔鍑芥暟鐨勬寚閽堛�?br><br>濡傚墠鎵�榪幫紝Linux緋葷粺鏄竴涓姩鎬佺殑鎿嶄綔緋葷粺銆傜敤鎴鋒牴鎹伐浣滀腑鐨勯渶瑕侊紝浼?xì)瀵咕p葷粺涓澶囬噸鏂伴厤緗紝濡傚畨瑁呮柊鐨勬墦鍗版満銆佸嵏杞借�佸紡緇堢絳夈�傝繖鏍鳳紝姣忓綋Linux緋葷粺鍐呮牳鍒濆惎鏃訛紝瀹冮兘瑕佸紜歡閰嶇疆榪涜媯�(gè)嫻嬶紝寰堟湁鍙兘浼?xì)妫�嫻嬪埌涓嶅悓鐨勭墿鐞嗚澶囷紝灝遍渶瑕佷笉鍚岀殑椹卞姩紼嬪簭銆?br><br>鍦ㄦ瀯寤虹郴緇熷唴鏍告椂錛屽彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄩ厤緗剼鏈皢璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍖呭惈鍦ㄧ郴緇熷唴鏍鎬腑銆傚湪緋葷粺鍚姩鏃跺榪欎簺椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍒濆鍖栵紝瀹冧滑鍙兘鏈壘鍒版墍鎺у埗鐨勮澶囷紝鑰屽彟澶栫殑璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍙互鍦ㄩ渶瑕佹椂浣滀負(fù)鍐呮牳妯″潡瑁呭叆鍒扮郴緇熷唴鏍鎬腑銆?br>涓轟簡(jiǎn)閫傚簲璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍔ㄦ�佽繛鎺ョ殑鐗規(guī)�э紝璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍦ㄥ叾鍒濆鍖栨椂灝卞湪緋葷粺鍐呮牳涓繘琛岀櫥璁般�侺inux緋葷粺鍒╃敤璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鐨勭櫥璁拌〃浣滀負(fù)鍐呮牳涓庨┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忔帴鍙ｇ殑涓�閮ㄥ垎錛岃繖浜涜〃涓寘鎷寚鍚戞湁鍏沖鐞嗙▼搴忕殑鎸囬拡鍜屽叾瀹冧俊鎭�?br><br>3.瀛楃璁懼<br><br>鍦↙inux
緋葷粺涓紝鎵撳嵃鏈恒�佺粓绔瓑瀛楃璁懼閮戒綔涓哄瓧絎︾壒鍒枃浠跺嚭鐜板湪鐢ㄦ埛闈㈠墠銆傜敤鎴峰瀛楃璁懼鐨勪嬌鐢ㄥ氨鍜屽瓨鍙栨櫘閫氭枃浠朵竴鏍楓�傚湪搴旂敤紼嬪簭涓紝浣跨敤鏍囧噯鐨勭郴緇熻皟鐢ㄦ潵鎵?
寮�銆佸叧闂�佽鍐欏瓧絎﹁澶囥�傚綋瀛楃璁懼鍒濆鍖栨椂錛屽叾璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭琚坊鍔犲埌鐢眃evice_struct緇撴瀯緇勬垚鐨刢hrdevs緇撴瀯鏁扮粍涓�?br><br>device_struct
緇撴瀯鐢變袱欏規(guī)瀯鎴愶紝涓�涓槸鎸囧悜宸茬櫥璁扮殑璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭鍚嶇殑鎸囬拡錛屽彟涓�涓槸鎸囧悜file_operations緇撴瀯鐨勬寚閽堛�傝�宖ile_operations緇?
鏋勭殑鎴愬垎鍑犱箮鍏ㄦ槸鍑芥暟鎸囬拡錛屽垎鍒寚鍚戝疄鐜版枃浠舵搷浣滅殑鍏ュ彛鍑芥暟銆傝澶囩殑涓昏澶囧彿鐢ㄦ潵瀵筩hrdevs鏁扮粍榪涜绱㈠紩錛屽鍥?鎵�紺恒�?br><br> <center><img  src="http://unix-cd.com/unixcd12/eWebEditor/UploadFile/2005124211135373.jpg" alt=""></center><br><br> <center>鍥? 瀛楃璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭紺烘剰鍥?/center><br><br>鍓嶉潰璁茶繃錛屾瘡涓猇FS绱㈠紩鑺傜偣閮藉拰涓�緋誨垪鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔鐩歌仈緋伙紝騫朵笖榪欎簺鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔闅忕儲(chǔ)寮曡妭鐐規(guī)墍浠ｈ〃鐨勬枃浠剁被鍨嬩笉鍚岃�屼笉鍚屻�傛瘡褰撲竴涓猇FS绱㈠紩鑺傜偣鎵�浠ｈ〃鐨勫瓧絎﹁澶囨枃浠跺垱寤烘椂錛屽畠鐨勬湁鍏蟲枃浠剁殑鎿嶄綔灝辮緗負(fù)榛樿鐨勫瓧絎﹁澶囨搷浣溿�?br><br>榛樿鐨勬枃浠舵搷浣滃彧鍖呭惈涓�涓墦寮�鏂囦歡鐨勬搷浣溿�傚綋鎵撳紑涓�涓唬琛ㄥ瓧絎﹁澶囩殑鐗瑰埆鏂囦歡浠ュ悗錛屽氨寰楀埌鐩稿簲鐨刅FS绱㈠紩鑺傜偣錛屽叾涓寘鎷璁懼鐨勪富璁懼鍙峰拰嬈¤澶囧彿銆?br><br>鍒╃敤涓昏澶囧彿灝卞彲浠ユ绱hrdevs鏁扮粍錛岃繘鑰屽彲浠ユ壘鍒版湁鍏蟲璁懼鐨勫悇縐嶆枃浠舵搷浣溿�傝繖鏍鳳紝搴旂敤紼嬪簭涓殑鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔灝變細(xì)鏄犲皠鍒板瓧絎﹁澶囩殑鏂囦歡鎿嶄綔璋冪敤涓�?br><br>4.鍧楄澶?br><br>瀵瑰潡璁懼鐨勫瓨鍙栧拰瀵規(guī)枃浠剁殑瀛樺彇鏂瑰紡涓�鏍鳳紝鍏跺疄鐜版満鍒朵篃鍜屽瓧絎﹁澶囦嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏈哄埗鐩稿悓銆侺inux緋葷粺涓湁涓�涓悕涓篵lkdevs鐨勭粨鏋勬暟緇勶紝瀹冩弿榪頒簡(jiǎn)涓�緋誨垪鍦ㄧ郴緇熶腑鐧昏鐨勫潡璁懼銆?/div>
<div align="left">鏁扮粍blkdevs涔熶嬌鐢ㄨ澶囩殑涓昏澶囧彿浣滀負(fù)绱㈠紩錛屽叾鍏冪礌綾誨瀷鏄痙evice_struct緇撴瀯銆傝緇撴瀯涓寘鎷寚鍚戝凡鐧昏鐨勮澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忓悕鐨勬寚閽堝拰鎸囧悜block_device_operations緇撴瀯鐨勬寚閽堛�?br><br>鍦╞lock_device_operations緇撴瀯涓寘鍚寚鍚戞湁鍏蟲搷浣滅殑鍑芥暟鎸囬拡銆傛墍浠ワ紝璇ョ粨鏋勫氨鏄繛鎺ユ娊璞＄殑鍧楄澶囨搷浣滀笌鍏蜂綋鍧楄澶囩被鍨嬬殑鎿嶄綔涔嬮棿鐨勬灑綰姐�?br><br>涓庡瓧絎﹁澶囦笉涓�鏍鳳紝鍧楄澶囨湁鍑犵綾誨瀷錛屼緥濡係CSI璁懼鍜孖DE璁懼銆傛瘡綾誨潡璁懼閮藉湪Linux緋葷粺鍐呮牳涓櫥璁幫紝騫跺悜鍐呮牳鎻愪緵鑷繁鐨勬枃浠舵搷浣溿�?br><br>涓轟簡(jiǎn)鎶婂悇縐嶅潡璁懼鐨勬搷浣滆姹傞槦鍒楁湁鏁堝湴緇勭粐璧鋒潵錛屽唴鏍鎬腑璁劇疆浜?jiǎn)涓�涓粨鏋勬暟緇刡lk_dev錛岃鏁扮粍涓殑鍏冪礌綾誨瀷鏄痓lk_dev_struct緇撴瀯銆傝繖涓粨鏋勭敱涓変釜鎴愬垎緇勬垚錛屽叾涓諱綋鏄墽琛屾搷浣滅殑璇鋒眰闃熷垪request_queue錛岃繕鏈変竴涓嚱鏁版寚閽坬ueue銆?br><br>褰?
榪欎釜鎸囬拡涓嶄負(fù)0鏃訛紝灝辮皟鐢ㄨ繖涓嚱鏁版潵鎵懼埌鍏蜂綋璁懼鐨勮姹傞槦鍒椼�傝繖鏄�冭檻鍒板涓澶囧彲鑳藉叿鏈夊悓涓�涓昏澶囧彿錛岃鎸囬拡鍦ㄨ澶囧垵濮嬪寲鏃惰璁劇疆濂姐�傞�氬父褰撳畠涓嶄負(fù)0
鏃訛紝榪樿浣跨敤璇ョ粨鏋勪腑鐨勫彟涓�涓寚閽坉ata錛岀敤鏉ユ彁渚涜緟鍔╂�т俊鎭紝甯姪璇ュ嚱鏁版壘鍒扮壒瀹氳澶囩殑璇鋒眰闃熷垪銆傛瘡涓�涓姹傛暟鎹粨鏋勯兘浠ｈ〃涓�涓潵鑷紦鍐插尯鐨勮姹傘�?br><br>姣忓綋緙撳啿鍖鴻鍜屼竴涓櫥璁拌繃鐨勫潡璁懼浜ゆ崲鏁版嵁錛屽畠閮戒細(xì)鍦╞lk_dev_struct涓坊鍔犱竴涓姹傛暟鎹粨鏋勶紝濡傚浘8鎵�紺恒�?br><br> <center><img  src="http://unix-cd.com/unixcd12/eWebEditor/UploadFile/2005124211135594.jpg" alt=""></center><br><br> <center>鍥? 鍧楄澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忔暟鎹粨鏋勭ず鎰忓浘</center><br><br>姣?
涓�涓姹傞兘鏈変竴涓寚閽堟寚鍚戜竴涓垨澶氫釜buffer_head鏁?
鎹粨鏋勶紝鑰岃緇撴瀯閮芥槸涓�涓鍐欐暟鎹潡鐨勮姹傘�傛瘡涓�涓姹傜粨鏋勯兘鍦ㄤ竴涓潤(rùn)鎬侀摼琛╝ll_requests涓�傝嫢騫茶姹傛槸娣誨姞鍒頒竴涓┖鐨勮姹傞摼琛ㄤ腑錛屽垯璋冪敤璁?
澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忕殑璇鋒眰鍑芥暟錛屽紑濮嬪鐞嗚璇鋒眰闃熷垪銆傚惁鍒欙紝璁懼椹卞姩紼嬪簭灝辯畝鍗曞湴澶勭悊璇鋒眰闃熷垪涓殑姣忎竴涓姹傘�?br><br>褰撹澶囬┍鍔ㄧ▼搴忓畬鎴愪簡(jiǎn)涓�涓姹傚悗錛屽氨鎶奲uffer_head緇撴瀯浠巖equest緇撴瀯涓Щ璧幫紝騫舵爣璁癰uffer_head緇撴瀯宸叉洿鏂幫紝鍚屾椂瑙ｉ攣錛岃繖鏍鳳紝灝卞彲浠ュ敜閱掔浉搴旂殑絳夊緟榪涚▼銆?/div>
</font><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98443.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-12 23:34 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98443.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>/etc/inittab璇﹁В</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98439.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 15:19:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98439.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98439.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98439.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98439.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98439.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[init鐨勮繘紼嬪彿鏄?錛屼粠榪欎竴鐐瑰氨鑳界湅鍑猴紝init榪涚▼鏄郴緇熸墍鏈夎繘紼嬬殑璧風(fēng)偣錛孡inux鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭牳鍐呭紩瀵間互鍚庯紝灝卞紑濮嬭繍琛宨nit紼嬪紡錛屻�?br>init紼嬪紡闇� 瑕佽鍙栬緗枃浠?etc/inittab銆俰nittab鏄釜涓嶅彲鎵ц鐨勬枃鏈枃浠訛紝浠栨湁鑻ュ共琛屾寚浠ゆ墍緇勬垚銆傚湪Redhat緋葷粺涓紝inittab鐨勫唴瀹?濡備笅鎵�紺?浠?#8220;###"寮�濮嬬殑涓敞閲婁負(fù)絎旇�呭鍔犵殑)錛?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�#<br>銆�銆�# inittab銆�銆�銆� This file describes how the INIT process should set up<br>銆�銆�#銆�銆�銆�銆�銆�銆�銆� the system in a certain run-level.<br>銆�銆�#<br>銆�銆�# Author:銆�銆�銆� Miquel van Smoorenburg, <br>銆�銆�#銆�銆�銆�銆�銆�銆�銆� Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes<br>銆�銆�#<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:<br>銆�銆�#銆� 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)<br>銆�銆�#銆� 1 - Single user mode<br>銆�銆�#銆� 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not havenetworking)<br>銆�銆�#銆� 3 - Full multiuser mode<br>銆�銆�#銆� 4 - unused<br>銆�銆�#銆� 5 - X11<br>銆�銆�#銆� 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)<br>銆�銆�#<br>/*<br>鐞嗚ВRunlevel<br>
runlevel鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鍦╥nit榪涚▼緇撴潫涔嬪悗鐨勭郴緇熺姸鎬侊紝鍦ㄧ郴緇熺殑紜歡涓病鏈夊浐瀹氱殑淇℃伅鏉ヨ〃紺簉unlevel錛屼粬綰補(bǔ)鏄竴縐嶈蔣浠剁粨鏋勩�俰nit鍜?
inittab鏄痳unlevel褰卞搷緋葷粺鐘舵�佺殑鍞竴鍘熷洜銆傚湪涓婅堪渚嬪瓙涓璱nittab鏂囦歡璧峰闃舵鐨勬敞閲婁富瑕佺敤鏉ユ弿榪皉unlevel錛?br>    Runlevel 0鏄init鍏抽棴鎵�鏈夎繘紼嬪茍緇堟緋葷粺銆?br>    Runlevel 1鏄敤鏉ュ皢緋葷粺杞埌鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮忥紝鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮忓彧鑳芥湁緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛樿繘鍏ワ紝鍦ㄨ妯″紡涓嬪鐞嗛偅浜涘湪鏈夌櫥褰曠敤鎴風(fēng)殑鎯呭喌涓嬩笉鑳借繘琛屾洿鏀圭殑鏂囦歡錛屾敼runlevel鐨勭紪鍙?涔熻兘鐢⊿浠ｆ浛銆?br>    Runlevel 2鏄厑璁哥郴緇熻繘鍏ュ鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬ā寮忥紝浣嗗茍涓嶆敮鎸佹枃浠跺叡浜紝榪欑妯″紡闈炲父灝戝簲鐢ㄣ�?br>    Runlevel 3鏄渶甯哥敤鐨勮繍琛屾ā寮忥紝涓昏鐢ㄦ潵鎻愪緵鐪熸鐨勫鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛屼篃鏄鏁版湇鍔″櫒鐨勭己鐪佹ā寮忋�?br>    Runlevel 4涓�鑸笉琚郴緇熶嬌鐢紝鐢ㄦ埛鑳借璁¤嚜宸辯殑緋葷粺鐘舵�佸茍灝嗗叾搴旂敤鍒皉unlevel 4闃舵錛屽敖綆￠潪甯稿皯浣跨敤錛屼絾浣跨敤璇ョ郴緇熻兘瀹炵幇涓�浜涚壒瀹氱殑鐧誨綍璇鋒眰銆?br>    Runlevel 5鏄皢緋葷粺鍒濆鍖栦負(fù)涓撶敤鐨刋 Window緇堢銆傚鍔熻兘寮哄ぇ鐨凩inux緋葷粺鏉ヨ錛岃繖騫朵笉鏄ソ鐨勯�夋嫨錛屼絾鐢ㄦ埛濡傛灉闇�瑕佽繖鏍鳳紝涔熻兘閫氳繃鍦╮unlevel鍚姩鏉ュ疄鐜拌鏂規(guī)銆?br>    Runlevel 6鏄叧闂墍鏈夎繍琛岀殑榪涚▼騫墮噸鏂板惎鍔ㄧ郴緇熴�?/<br>銆�銆�###琛ㄧず褰撳墠緙虹渷榪愯綰у埆涓?(initdefault)錛?br>銆�銆�id:5:initdefault:   /*鍚姩鍚庤繘鍏ュ浘鍍忕晫闈?璁句負(fù)3鍒欒繘鍏ュ瓧絎︾粓绔晫闈?/<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�###鍚姩鏃惰嚜鍔ㄦ墽琛?etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit鑴氭湰(sysinit)<br>/*<br>鍦╥nittab鏂囦歡涓互#寮�澶寸殑鎵�鏈夎閮芥槸娉ㄩ噴琛屻�傛敞閲婅鏈夊姪浜庣敤鎴風(fēng)悊瑙nittab鏂囦歡錛宨nittab鏂囦歡涓殑鍊奸兘鏄涓嬫牸寮忥細(xì)<br>    label:runlevel:action:process<br>    label鏄?~4涓瓧絎︾殑鏍囩錛岀敤鏉ユ爣紺鴻緭鍏ョ殑鍊箋�備竴浜涚郴緇熷彧鏀寔2涓瓧絎︾殑鏍囩銆傞壌浜庢鍘熷洜錛屽鏁頒漢閮藉皢鏍囩瀛楃鐨勪釜鏁伴檺鍒跺湪2涓互鍐呫�傝鏍囩鑳芥槸浠繪剰瀛楃鏋勬垚鐨勫瓧絎︿覆錛屼絾瀹為檯涓婏紝鏌愪簺鐗瑰畾鐨勬爣絳炬槸甯哥敤鐨勶紝鍦≧ed Hat Linux涓嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏍囩鏄細(xì)<br>浠ｇ爜:<br>    id 鐢ㄦ潵瀹氫箟緙虹渷鐨刬nit榪愯鐨勭駭鍒?br>    si 鏄郴緇熷垵濮嬪寲鐨勮繘紼?br>    ln 鍏朵腑鐨刵浠?~6,鎸囨槑璇ヨ繘紼嬭兘浣跨敤鐨剅unlevel鐨勭駭鍒?br>    ud 鏄崌綰ц繘紼?br>    ca 鎸囨槑褰撴寜涓婥trl+Alt+Del鏃惰繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>    pf 鎸囧綋UPS琛ㄦ槑鏂數(shù)鏃惰繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>    pr 鏄湪緋葷粺鐪熸鍏抽棴涔嬪墠錛孶PS鍙戝嚭鐢墊簮鎭㈠鐨勪俊鍙鋒椂闇�瑕佽繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>    x  鏄皢緋葷粺杞叆X緇堢鏃墮渶瑕佽繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>    runlevel瀛楁鎸囧畾runlevel鐨勭駭鍒�傝兘鎸囧畾澶氫釜runlevel綰у埆錛屼篃鑳戒笉涓簉unlevel瀛楁鎸囧畾鐗瑰畾鐨勫�箋�?br>    action瀛楁瀹氫箟浜?jiǎn)璇q涚▼搴旇榪愯鍦ㄤ綍縐嶇姸鎬佷笅錛?br>    浠ｇ爜:<br>    boot        鍦ㄧ郴緇熷惎鍔ㄦ椂榪愯錛屽拷鐣unlevel<br>    bootwait    鍦ㄧ郴緇熷惎鍔ㄦ椂榪愯錛宨nit絳夊緟榪涚▼瀹屾垚銆傚拷鐣unlevel<br>    ctrlaltdel    褰揅trl+Alt+Del涓変釜閿悓鏃舵寜涓嬫椂榪愯錛屾妸SIGINT淇″彿鍙戦�佺粰init銆傚拷鐣?   runlevel<br>    initdefault    涓嶈鎵ц榪欎釜榪涚▼錛屼粬鐢ㄤ簬璁劇疆榛樿runlevel<br>    kbrequest    褰搃nit浠庨敭鐩樹腑鏀跺埌淇″彿鏃惰繍琛屻�傝繖閲岄渶姹傞敭鐩樼粍鍚堢鍚圞eyBoardSigral(鍙傝/usr/share/doc/kbd-*鍏充簬閿洏緇勫悎鐨勬枃浠?<br>    off        紱佹榪涘叆錛屽洜姝よ榪涚▼涓嶈繍琛?br>    on
<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="ns_content"><wbr>ce        姣忎竴涓猺unlevel綰у埆榪愯涓�嬈?br>    on<wbr>demand    褰撶郴緇熸寚瀹氱壒瀹氱殑榪愯綰у埆A銆丅銆丆鏃惰繍琛?br>    powerfail    褰搃nit鏀跺埌SIGPWR淇″彿鏃惰繍琛?br>    powerokwait    褰撴敹鍒癝IGPWD淇″彿涓?etc/鏂囦歡涓殑鐢墊簮鐘舵�佸寘鍚玂K鏃惰繍琛?br>    powerwait    褰撴敹鍒癝IGPWD淇″彿錛屽茍涓攊nit絳夊緟榪涚▼緇撴潫鏃惰繍琛?br>    respawn        涓嶇浣曟椂緇堟閮介噸鏂板惎鍔ㄨ繘紼?br>    sysinit        鍦ㄨ繍琛宐oot鎴朾ootwait榪涚▼涔嬪墠榪愯<br>    wait        榪愯榪涚▼絳夊緟杈撳叆榪愯妯″紡<br>
process瀛楁鍖呭惈init鎵ц鐨勮繘紼嬶紝璇ヨ繘紼嬮噰鐢ㄧ殑鏍煎紡鍜屽湪鍛戒護(hù)琛屼笅榪愯璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑鏍煎紡鐩稿悓錛屽洜姝rocess瀛楁閮戒互璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑鍚嶅瓧寮�澶達(dá)紝绱ц窡鐫�鏄?
榪愯鏃訛紝绱ц窡鐫�鏄繍琛屾椂瑕佷紶閫掔粰璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑鍙傛暟銆傛瘮濡?sbin/shutdown -t3 -r
now錛岃榪涚▼鍦ㄦ寜涓婥trl+Alt+Del鏃舵墽琛岋紝鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬩篃鑳界洿鎺ヨ緭鍏ユ潵閲嶆柊鍚姩緋葷粺銆?br>    鐗瑰埆鐩殑鐨勮褰?br>        浠旂粏瀛︿範(fàn)渚嬪瓙鏂囦歡錛屽涔?fàn)搴旂敤鍏朵腑鍏充簬inittab鐨勮娉曟牸寮忋�傝鏂囦歡鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟鍐呭閮借兘蹇界暐錛屽洜涓鴻秴榪囦竴鍗婄殑鍐呭閮芥槸娉ㄩ噴錛屽墿浣欑殑涓�浜涙枃浠跺唴瀹逛富瑕佹槸鐢ㄦ潵瀹炵幇鏌愪簺鐗瑰埆鐨勫姛鑳斤細(xì)<br>    id 鐨勫�艱〃鏄庣己鐪佺殑runlevel鏄?銆?br>    ud 鐨勫�艱兘鍞ら啋/sbin/update榪涚▼錛岃榪涚▼涓轟繚鎸佺鐩樼殑瀹屾暣鎬э紝灝嗗湪瀵圭鐩樿繘琛孖/O鎿嶄綔涔嬪墠娓呯┖鏁翠釜I/O緙撳啿鍖恒�?br>    pf銆乸r鍜宑a鐨勫�煎彧琚壒瀹氱殑涓柇鎵�璋冪敤銆?br>    濡傛灉緋葷粺鏄笓鐢ㄧ殑X緇堢錛屽垯鍙渶x鐨勮緭鍏ュ�箋�?br>    getty榪涚▼鏉ユ彁渚涜櫄鎷熺粓绔澶囩殑鏈嶅姟錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)<br>    3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3<br>
鏍囩瀛楁鐨勫�兼槸3,3鏄澶噒ty3鐨勬暟瀛楀悗緙�,tty3鍜岀浉搴旂殑榪涚▼鐩稿叧鑱旓紝璇etty榪涚▼鑳藉惎鍔ㄧ殑runlevel鏄?銆?銆?鍜?,褰撹榪涚▼緇?
姝㈡椂錛宨nit椹笂灝遍噸鏂板惎鍔ㄤ粬銆傚惎鍔ㄨ繘紼嬬殑璺緞鍚嶆槸/sbin/mingetty錛岃榪涚▼鏄疄鐜拌櫄鎷熺粓绔敮鎸佺殑鏈�灝忕増鏈殑getty錛屼負(fù)tty3鎻愪緵鍚?
鍔ㄨ櫄鎷熻澶囩殑榪涚▼銆?br>    si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>
璇ュ�煎憡璇塱nit紼嬪紡榪愯/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit鑴氭湰鏂囦歡鏉ュ垵濮嬪寲緋葷粺錛岃鑴氭湰鏂囦歡鍜屾墍鏈夊惎鍔ㄧ殑鑴氭湰綾諱技錛屼粬鍙槸涓寘鍚獿inux鐨?
shell鍛戒護(hù)鐨勫彲鎵ц鏂囦歡錛屾敞鎰忚緭鍏ョ殑瀛楃涓插繀欏誨寘鎷鑴氭湰鐨勫畬鏁磋礬寰勩�備笉鍚岀増鏈殑Linux瀛樻斁璇ヨ剼鏈殑浣嶇疆涔熶笉鐩稿悓錛屼絾涓嶇敤鍒繪剰鍘昏蹇嗚繖浜涗綅緗紝鍙?
闇�鏌ョ湅/etc/inittab鏂囦歡鍗沖彲錛岃鏂囦歡涓寘鍚惎鍔ㄨ剼鏈枃浠剁殑紜垏浣嶇疆銆?/<br>銆�銆�# System initialization.<br>銆�銆�si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0<br>銆�銆�l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1<br>銆�銆�l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2<br>銆�銆�l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3<br>銆�銆�l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4<br>銆�銆�###褰撹繍琛岀駭鍒負(fù)5鏃訛紝浠?涓哄弬鏁拌繍琛?etc/rc.d/rc鑴氭湰錛宨nit灝嗙瓑寰呭叾榪斿洖(wait)<br>銆�銆�l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5<br>銆�銆�l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�###鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄨ繃紼嬩腑鍏佽鎸塁TRL-ALT-DELETE閲嶅惎緋葷粺<br>銆�銆�# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE<br>銆�銆�ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�# When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes<br>銆�銆�# of power left.銆�Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now.<br>銆�銆�# This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your<br>銆�銆�# UPS connected and working correctly.<br>銆�銆�pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.<br>銆�銆�pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�###鍦?銆?銆?銆?綰у埆涓婁互ttyX涓哄弬鏁版墽琛?sbin/mingetty紼嬪紡錛屾墦寮�ttyX緇堢鐢ㄤ簬鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍錛?br>銆�銆�###濡傛灉榪涚▼閫�鍑哄垯鍐嶆榪愯mingetty紼嬪紡(respawn)<br>銆�銆�# Run gettys in standard runlevels<br>銆�銆�1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1<br>銆�銆�2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2<br>銆�銆�3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3<br>銆�銆�4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4<br>銆�銆�5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5<br>銆�銆�6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�###鍦?綰у埆涓婅繍琛寈dm紼嬪紡錛屾彁渚泋dm鍥懼儚鏂瑰紡鐧誨綍鐣岄潰錛屽茍鍦ㄩ��鍑烘椂閲嶆柊鎵ц(respawn)<br>銆�銆�# Run xdm in runlevel 5<br>銆�銆�x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�浠ヤ笂闈㈢殑inittab鏂囦歡涓轟緥錛屾潵璇存槑涓�涓媔nittab鐨勬牸寮忋�傚叾涓互#寮�濮嬬殑琛屾槸娉ㄩ噴琛岋紝闄や簡(jiǎn)娉ㄩ噴琛屼箣澶栵紝姣忎竴琛岄兘鏈変互涓嬫牸寮忥細(xì)<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�id:runlevel:action:process<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�瀵逛笂闈㈠悇欏圭殑鍛ㄨ瑙ｉ噴濡備笅錛?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�1. id<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�id鏄寚鍏ュ彛鏍囪瘑絎︼紝浠栨槸涓瓧絎︿覆錛屽浜巊etty鎴杕ingetty絳夊叾浠杔ogin紼嬪紡欏癸紝闇�姹俰d鍜宼ty鐨勭紪鍙風(fēng)浉鍚岋紝鍚﹀垯getty紼嬪紡灝嗕笉鑳芥甯稿伐浣溿�?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�2. runlevel<br>銆�銆�<br>
runlevel鏄痠nit鎵�澶勪簬鐨勮繍琛岀駭鍒殑鏍囪瘑錛屼竴鑸嬌鐢?錛?鍙?qiáng)S鎴杝銆?銆?銆?榪愯綰у埆琚郴緇熶繚鐣欙細(xì)鍏朵腑0浣滀負(fù)shutdown鍔ㄤ綔錛?浣?
涓洪噸鍚嚦鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮忥紝6涓洪噸鍚紱S鍜宻鎰忎箟鐩稿悓錛岃〃紺哄崟鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛屼笖鏃犻渶inittab鏂囦歡錛屽洜姝や篃涓嶅湪inittab涓嚭鐜幫紝瀹為檯涓婏紝榪涘叆鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮?
鏃訛紝init鐩存帴鍦ㄦ帶鍒跺彴錛?dev/console錛変笂榪愯/sbin/sulogin銆傚湪涓�鑸殑緋葷粺瀹炵幇涓紝閮戒嬌鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)2銆?銆?銆?鍑犱釜綰у埆錛屽湪
Redhat緋葷粺涓紝2琛ㄧず鏃燦FS鏀寔鐨勫鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛?琛ㄧず瀹屽叏澶氱敤鎴鋒ā寮忥紙涔熸槸鏈�甯哥敤鐨勭駭鍒級(jí)錛?淇濈暀緇欑敤鎴瘋嚜瀹氫箟錛?琛ㄧずXDM鍥懼儚鐧誨綍鏂瑰紡銆?錛?
9綰у埆涔熸槸鑳戒嬌鐢ㄧ殑錛屼紶緇熺殑Unix緋葷粺娌℃湁瀹氫箟榪欏嚑涓駭鍒�俽unlevel鑳芥槸騫跺垪鐨勫涓�鹼紝浠ュ尮閰嶅涓繍琛岀駭鍒紝瀵瑰ぇ澶氭暟action鏉ヨ錛屼粎
褰搑unlevel鍜屽綋鍓嶈繍琛岀駭鍒尮閰嶆垚鍔熸墠浼?xì)鎵ц銆?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�3. action<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�action鏄弿榪板叾鍚庣殑process鐨勮繍琛屾柟寮忕殑銆俛ction鍙彇鐨勫�煎寘鎷細(xì)initdefault銆乻ysinit銆乥oot銆乥ootwait絳夛細(xì)<br>銆�銆�<br>
initdefault鏄釜鐗瑰埆鐨刟ction鍊鹼紝鐢ㄤ簬鏍囪瘑緙虹渷鐨勫惎鍔ㄧ駭鍒紱褰搃nit鐢辨牳蹇?jī)婵�媧諱互鍚庯紝浠栧皢璇誨彇inittab涓殑
initdefault欏癸紝鍙栧緱鍏朵腑鐨剅unlevel錛屽茍浣滀負(fù)褰撳墠鐨勮繍琛岀駭鍒�傚鏋滄病鏈塱nittab鏂囦歡錛屾垨鍏朵腑娌℃湁initdefault欏癸紝
init灝嗗湪鎺у埗鍙頒笂璇鋒眰杈撳叆runlevel銆?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�sysinit銆乥oot銆乥ootwait絳塧ction灝嗗湪緋葷粺鍚姩鏃舵棤鏉′歡榪愯錛岃�屽拷鐣ュ叾涓殑runlevel銆?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�鍏朵綑鐨刟ction錛堜笉鍚玦nitdefault錛夐兘鍜屾煇涓猺unlevel鐩稿叧銆傚悇涓猘ction鐨勫畾涔夊湪inittab鐨刴an鎵嬪唽涓湁鍛ㄨ鐨勬弿榪般�?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�4. process<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�process涓哄叿浣撶殑鎵ц紼嬪紡銆傜▼寮忓悗闈㈣兘甯﹀弬鏁般�?br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�絎笁閮ㄥ垎錛氱郴緇熷垵濮嬪寲<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�鍦╥nit鐨勮緗枃浠朵腑鏈夎繖涔堜竴琛岋細(xì)<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�浠栬皟鐢ㄦ墽琛屼簡(jiǎn)/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit錛岃�宺c.sysinit鏄釜bash shell鐨勮剼鏈紝浠栦富瑕?br>鍦╥nit鐨勮緗枃浠朵腑鏈夎繖涔堜竴琛岋細(xì)<br>si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>浠?
璋冪敤鎵ц浜?etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit錛岃�宺c.sysinit鏄釜bash
shell鐨勮剼鏈紝浠栦富瑕佹槸瀹屾垚涓�浜涚郴緇熷垵濮嬪寲鐨勫伐浣滐紝rc.sysinit鏄瘡涓�涓繍琛岀駭鍒兘瑕侀鍏堣繍琛岀殑閲嶈鑴氭湰銆備粬涓昏瀹屾垚鐨勫伐浣滄湁錛氭縺媧諱氦鎹㈠垎
鍖猴紝媯�(gè)鏌ョ鐩橈紝鍔犺澆紜歡妯″潡鍙?qiáng)鍏朵粬涓�浜涢渶瑕佷紭鍏堟墽琛屼換鍔°�?br>rc.sysinit綰︽湁850澶氳錛屼笉榪囨瘡涓崟涓�鐨勫姛鑳借繕鏄瘮杈冪畝鍗曪紝鑰屼笖甯︽湁娉ㄩ噴錛屽緩璁湁鍏磋叮鐨勭敤鎴瘋兘鑷闃呰鑷繁鏈哄櫒涓婄殑璇ユ枃浠訛紝浠ヤ簡(jiǎn)瑙ｇ郴緇熷垵濮嬪寲鎵�鍛ㄨ鎯呭喌銆傜敱浜庢鏂囦歡杈冮暱錛屾墍浠ヤ笉鍦ㄦ湰鏂囦腑鍒楀嚭鏉ワ紝涔熶笉鍋氬叿浣撶殑浠嬬粛銆?br>褰搑c.sysinit紼嬪紡鎵ц瀹屾瘯鍚庯紝灝嗚繑鍥瀒nit緇х畫涓嬩竴姝ャ�?br>絎洓閮ㄥ垎錛氬惎鍔ㄥ搴旇繍琛岀駭鍒殑瀹堟姢榪涚▼<br>鍦╮c.sysinit鎵ц鍚庯紝灝嗚繑鍥瀒nit緇х畫鍏朵粬鐨勫姩浣滐紝閫氬父鎺ヤ笅鏉ヤ細(xì)鎵ц鍒?etc/rc.d/rc紼嬪紡銆備互榪愯綰у埆5涓轟緥錛宨nit灝嗘墽琛岃緗枃浠秈nittab涓殑浠ヤ笅榪欒錛?br>l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5<br>榪?
涓�琛岃〃紺轟互5涓哄弬鏁拌繍琛?etc/rc.d/rc錛?etc/rc.d/rc鏄釜Shell鑴氭湰錛屼粬鎺ュ彈5浣滀負(fù)鍙傛暟錛屽幓鎵ц/etc/rc.d
/rc5.d/鐩綍涓嬬殑鎵�鏈夌殑rc鍚姩鑴氭湰錛?etc/rc.d/rc5.d/鐩綍涓殑榪欎簺鍚姩鑴氭湰瀹為檯涓婇兘鏄竴浜涢摼鎺ユ枃浠訛紝鑰屼笉鏄湡姝ｇ殑rc鍚姩鑴氭湰錛?
鐪熸鐨剅c鍚姩鑴氭湰瀹為檯涓婇兘鏄斁鍦?etc/rc.d/init.d/鐩綍涓嬨�傝�岃繖浜況c鍚姩鑴氭湰鏈夌潃綾諱技鐨勭敤娉曪紝浠栦滑涓�鑸兘鎺ュ彈start銆乻top銆?
restart銆乻tatus絳夊弬鏁般�?br>/etc/rc.d/rc5.d/涓殑rc鍚姩鑴氭湰閫氬父鏄疜鎴朣寮�澶寸殑閾炬帴鏂囦歡錛屽浜庝互浠寮�澶寸殑鍚姩鑴?
鏈紝灝嗕互start鍙傛暟鏉ヨ繍琛屻�傝�屽鏋滃彂鐜板瓨鍦ㄧ浉搴旂殑鑴氭湰涔熷瓨鍦↘鎵撳ご鐨勯摼鎺ワ紝鑰屼笖宸插浜庤繍琛屾�佷簡(jiǎn)(浠?var/lock/subsys/涓嬬殑鏂囦歡浣滀負(fù)鏍?
蹇?錛屽垯灝嗛鍏堜互stop涓哄弬鏁板仠姝㈣繖浜涘凡鍚姩浜?jiǎn)鐨勫畧鎶q涚▼錛岀劧鍚庡啀閲嶆柊榪愯銆傝繖鏍峰仛鏄負(fù)浜?jiǎn)纭繚鏄綋init鏀瑰姩榪愯綰у埆鏃訛紝鎵�鏈夌浉鍏崇殑瀹堟姢榪涚▼閮藉皢閲?
鍚�?br>鑷充簬鍦ㄦ瘡涓繍琛岀駭涓皢榪愯鍝簺瀹堟姢榪涚▼錛岀敤鎴瘋兘閫氳繃chkconfig鎴杝etup涓殑"System Services"鏉ヨ嚜琛岃瀹氥�傚父瑙佺殑瀹堟姢榪涚▼鏈夛細(xì)<br>amd錛氳嚜鍔ㄥ畨瑁匩FS瀹堟姢榪涚▼<br>銆�銆�apmd:楂樼駭鐢墊簮綆＄悊瀹堟姢榪涚▼<br>銆�銆�arpwatch錛氳褰曟棩蹇楀茍鏋勫緩涓�涓湪LAN鎺ュ彛涓婄湅鍒扮殑浠ュお緗戝湴鍧�鍜孖P鍦板潃瀵規(guī)暟鎹簱<br>銆�銆�autofs錛氳嚜鍔ㄥ畨瑁呯鐞嗚繘紼媋utomount錛屽拰NFS鐩稿叧錛屼緷璧栦簬NIS<br>銆�銆�crond錛歀inux涓嬬殑璁″垝浠誨姟鐨勫畧鎶よ繘紼?br>銆�銆�named錛欴NS鏈嶅姟鍣?br>銆�銆�netfs錛氬畨瑁匩FS銆丼amba鍜孨etWare緗戠粶鏂囦歡緋葷粺<br>銆�銆�network錛氭縺媧誨凡璁劇疆緗戠粶鎺ュ彛鐨勮剼鏈▼寮?br>銆�銆�nfs錛氭墦寮�NFS鏈嶅姟<br>銆�銆�portmap錛歊PC portmap綆＄悊鍣紝浠栫鐞嗗熀浜嶳PC鏈嶅姟鐨勮繛鎺?br>銆�銆�sendmail錛氶偖浠舵湇鍔″櫒sendmail<br>銆�銆�smb錛歋amba鏂囦歡鍏變韓/鎵撳嵃鏈嶅姟<br>銆�銆�syslog錛氫竴涓緋葷粺寮曞鏃惰搗鍔╯yslog鍜宬logd緋葷粺鏃ュ織瀹堝�欒繘紼嬬殑鑴氭湰<br>銆�銆�xfs錛歑 Window瀛楀瀷鏈嶅姟鍣紝涓烘湰鍦板拰榪滅▼X鏈嶅姟鍣ㄦ彁渚涘瓧鍨嬮泦<br>銆�銆�Xinetd錛氭敮鎸佸縐嶇綉緇滄湇鍔＄殑鏍稿績(jī)瀹堟姢榪涚▼錛岃兘綆＄悊wuftp銆乻shd銆乼elnet絳夋湇鍔?br>榪欎簺瀹堟姢榪涚▼涔熷惎鍔ㄥ畬鎴愪簡(jiǎn)錛宺c紼嬪紡涔熷氨鎵ц瀹屼簡(jiǎn)錛岀劧鍚庡張灝嗚繑鍥瀒nit緇х畫涓嬩竴姝ャ�?br>絎簲閮ㄥ垎錛氬緩绔嬬粓绔?br>rc鎵ц瀹屾瘯鍚庯紝榪斿洖init銆傝繖鏃跺熀鏈郴緇熺幆澧冨凡璁劇疆濂戒簡(jiǎn)錛屽悇縐嶅畧鎶よ繘紼嬩篃宸插惎鍔ㄤ簡(jiǎn)銆俰nit鎺ヤ笅鏉ヤ細(xì)鎵撳紑6涓粓绔紝浠ヤ究鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍緋葷粺銆傞�氳繃鎸堿lt+Fn(n瀵瑰簲1-6)鑳藉湪榪?涓粓绔腑杞崲銆傚湪inittab涓殑浠ヤ笅6琛屽氨鏄畾涔変簡(jiǎn)6涓粓绔細(xì)<br>1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1<br>銆�銆�2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2<br>銆�銆�3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3<br>銆�銆�4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4<br>銆�銆�5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5<br>銆�銆�6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6<br>浠?
涓婇潰鑳界湅鍑哄湪2銆?銆?銆?鐨勮繍琛岀駭鍒腑閮藉皢浠espawn鏂瑰紡榪愯mingetty紼嬪紡錛宮ingetty紼嬪紡鑳芥墦寮�緇堢銆佽緗ā寮忋�傚悓鏃朵粬浼?xì)鏄窘C轟竴
涓枃鏈櫥褰曠晫闈紝榪欎釜鐣岄潰灝辨槸鎴戜滑緇忓父鐪嬪埌鐨勭櫥褰曠晫闈紝鍦ㄨ繖涓櫥褰曠晫闈腑浼?xì)鎻惤C虹敤鎴瘋緭鍏ョ敤鎴峰悕錛岃�岀敤鎴瘋緭鍏ョ殑鐢ㄦ埛灝嗕綔涓哄弬鏁頒紶緇檒ogin紼嬪紡鏉ラ獙璇佺敤鎴?
鐨勮韓浠姐�?br>絎叚閮ㄥ垎錛氱櫥褰曠郴緇燂紝鍚姩瀹屾垚<br>瀵逛簬榪愯綰у埆涓?鐨勫浘鍍忔柟寮忕敤鎴鋒潵璇達(dá)紝浠栦滑鐨勭櫥褰曟槸閫氳繃涓�涓浘鍍忓寲鐨勭櫥褰曠晫闈€�傜櫥褰曟垚鍔熷悗鑳界洿鎺ヨ繘鍏DE銆丟nome絳夌獥鍙ｇ鐞嗗櫒銆傝�屾湰鏂囦富瑕佽鐨勮繕鏄枃鏈柟寮忕櫥褰曠殑鎯呭喌錛?br>褰撴垜浠湅鍒癿ingetty鐨勭櫥褰曠晫闈㈡椂錛屾垜浠氨鑳借緭鍏ョ敤鎴峰悕鍜屽瘑鐮佹潵鐧誨綍緋葷粺浜?jiǎn)銆?br>
Linux鐨勮處鍙烽獙璇佺▼寮忔槸login錛宭ogin浼?xì)鎺ユ敹mingetty浼犳潵鐨勭敤鎴峰悕浣滀負(fù)鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅弬鏁般�傜劧鍚巐ogin浼?xì)瀵圭敤鎴峰悕杩涜鍒嗘瀽锛?xì)濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛鍚?
涓嶆槸root錛屼笖瀛樺湪/etc/nologin鏂囦歡錛宭ogin灝嗚緭鍑簄ologin鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹癸紝鐒跺悗閫�鍑恒�傝繖閫氬父鐢ㄦ潵緋葷粺緇存姢鏃墮槻姝㈤潪root鐢ㄦ埛鐧?
褰曘�傚彧鏈?etc/securetty涓櫥璁頒簡(jiǎn)鐨勭粓绔墠鍏佽root鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍錛屽鏋滀笉瀛樺湪榪欎釜鏂囦歡錛屽垯root鑳藉湪鎵�鏈夌粓绔笂鐧誨綍銆?etc
/usertty鏂囦歡鐢ㄤ簬瀵圭敤鎴蜂綔鍑洪檮鍔犺闂檺鍒訛紝濡傛灉涓嶅瓨鍦ㄨ繖涓枃浠訛紝鍒欐病鏈夊叾浠栭檺鍒躲�?br>鍦ㄥ垎鏋愬畬鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅悗錛宭ogin灝嗘悳绱?etc/passwd鍙?etc/shadow鏉ラ獙璇佸瘑鐮佸強(qiáng)璁劇疆璐︽埛鐨勫叾浠栦俊鎭紝姣斿錛氫富鐩綍鏄粈涔堛�佷嬌鐢ㄤ綍縐峴hell銆傚鏋滄病鏈夋寚瀹氫富鐩綍錛屽皢榛樿涓烘牴鐩綍錛涘鏋滄病鏈夋寚瀹歴hell錛屽皢榛樿涓?bin/bash銆?br>login
紼嬪紡鎴愬姛鍚庯紝浼?xì)鍚戝搴旂殑缁堢鍦ㄨ緭鍑烘渶榪戜竴嬈＄櫥褰曠殑淇℃伅(鍦?var/log/lastlog涓湁璁板綍)錛屽茍媯�(gè)鏌ョ敤鎴鋒槸鍚︽湁鏂伴偖浠?鍦?usr/spool
/mail/鐨勫搴旂敤鎴峰悕鐩綍涓?銆傜劧鍚庡紑濮嬭緗悇縐嶇幆澧冨彉閲忥細(xì)瀵逛簬bash鏉ヨ錛岀郴緇熼鍏堝鎵?etc/profile鑴氭湰鏂囦歡錛屽茍鎵ц浠栵紱鐒跺悗濡傛灉鐢?
鎴風(fēng)殑涓葷洰褰曚腑瀛樺湪.bash_profile鏂囦歡錛屽氨鎵ц浠栵紝鍦ㄨ繖浜涙枃浠朵腑鍙堝彲鑳借皟鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)鍏朵粬璁劇疆鏂囦歡錛屾墍鏈夌殑璁劇疆鏂囦歡鎵ц鍚庡悗錛屽悇縐嶇幆澧冨彉閲忎篃璁懼ソ浜?jiǎn)锛寴q?
鏃朵細(xì)鍑虹幇澶у鐔熸?zhèn)夌殑鍛戒护琛屾彁绀航W︼紝鍒版鏁翠釜鍚姩榪囩▼灝辯粨鏉熶簡(jiǎn)銆?br>甯屾湜閫氳繃涓婇潰瀵筁inux鍚姩榪囩▼鐨勫墫鏋愯兘甯姪閭ｄ簺鎯蟲繁鍏ュ涔?fàn)Linux鐢ㄦ埛寤虹珛涓�涓浉鍏矻inux鍚姩榪囩▼鐨勬竻鏅版蹇碉紝榪涜�岃兘榪涗竴姝ョ爺絀禠inux鎺ヤ笅鏉ユ槸鎬庝箞宸ヤ綔鐨勩�?/div><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98439.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-12 23:19 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98439.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>linux榪涘叆緋葷粺鐩存帴灝辨槸x鐣岄潰錛屾�庝箞鎵嶈兘榪涘叆鍛戒護(hù)琛屾ā寮忥紵  </title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98437.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 15:09:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98437.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98437.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98437.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98437.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98437.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<font size="3">$gedit &nbsp; /etc/inittab&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;鎶奿d:5:initdefault涓殑5鏀逛負(fù)3</font>
<p><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0錛氬仠鏈猴紙璁頒綇涓嶈鎶奿nitdefault 璁劇疆涓?錛屽洜涓鴻繖鏍蜂細(xì)浣縇inux鏃犳硶鍚姩 錛?br>銆�銆�1錛氬崟鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛屽氨鍍廤in9X涓嬬殑瀹夊叏妯″紡銆?br>銆�銆�2錛氬鐢ㄦ埛錛屼絾鏄病鏈?NFS 銆?br>銆�銆�3錛氬畬鍏ㄥ鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛屾爣鍑嗙殑榪愯綰с�?br>銆�銆�4錛氫竴鑸笉鐢紝鍦ㄤ竴浜涚壒孌婃儏鍐典笅鍙互鐢ㄥ畠鏉ュ仛涓�浜涗簨鎯呫�?br>銆�銆�5錛歑11錛屽嵆榪涘埌 X-Window 緋葷粺銆?br>銆�銆�6錛氶噸鏂板惎鍔?錛堣浣忎笉瑕佹妸initdefault 璁劇疆涓?錛屽洜涓鴻繖鏍蜂細(xì)浣縇inux涓嶆柇鍦伴噸鏂板惎鍔級(jí)銆?/font></p>
<p><font size="3">銆�銆�鍏朵腑榪愯綰?灝辨槸鎴戜滑瑕佽繘鍏ョ殑鏍囧噯Console瀛楃鐣岄潰妯″紡</font></p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98437.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-12 23:09 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/12/98437.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>init榪涚▼鍙?qiáng)inittab鏂囦歡</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98208.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 15:27:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98208.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98208.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98208.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98208.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98208.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[鎽樿嚜銆奓inux Network Servers 24 seven銆?br>
init榪涚▼<br>
<br>
init鐨勮繘紼嬪彿涓?,鏄墍鏈夎繘紼嬬殑鐖惰繘紼嬶紝鍐呮牳鍒濆鍖栧畬姣曚箣鍚庯紝init紼嬪簭寮�濮嬭繍琛屻�傚叾浠栬蔣浠朵篃鍚屾椂寮�濮嬭繍琛屻�俰nit紼嬪簭閫氳繃/etc/inittab鏂囦歡榪涜閰嶇疆銆俰nittab鏂囦歡鐨勫唴瀹瑰涓嬶細(xì)<br>
<div style="margin: 5px 20px 20px;">
<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="smallfont" style="margin-bottom: 2px;">浠ｇ爜:</div>
<hr><code dir="ltr" style="margin: 0px;">#<br>
# inittab&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  This file describes how the INIT process should set up<br>
#&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  the system in a certain run-level.<br>
#<br>
# Author:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  Miquel van Smoorenburg, &lt;miquels@drinkel.nl.mugnet.org&gt;<br>
#&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  Modified for RHS Linux by Marc Ewing and Donnie Barnes<br>
#<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# Default runlevel. The runlevels used by RHS are:<br>
#&nbsp;  0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)<br>
#&nbsp;  1 - Single user mode<br>
#&nbsp;  2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)<br>
#&nbsp;  3 - Full multiuser mode<br>
#&nbsp;  4 - unused<br>
#&nbsp;  5 - X11<br>
#&nbsp;  6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)<br>
#<br>
id:3:initdefault:<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# System initialization.<br>
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 0<br>
l1:1:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 1<br>
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 2<br>
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3<br>
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 4<br>
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 5<br>
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 6<br>
<br>
# Things to run in every runlevel<br>
ud::once:/sbin/update<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# Trap CTRL-ALT-DELETE<br>
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -r now<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# When our UPS tells us power has failed, assume we have a few minutes<br>
# of power left.&nbsp; Schedule a shutdown for 2 minutes from now.<br>
# This does, of course, assume you have powerd installed and your<br>
# UPS connected and working correctly.<br>
pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f -h +2 "Power Failure; System Shutting Down"<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.<br>
pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"<br>
<br>
<br>
# If power was restored before the shutdown kicked in, cancel it.<br>
pr:12345:powerokwait:/sbin/shutdown -c "Power Restored; Shutdown Cancelled"<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# Run gettys in standard runlevels<br>
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty1<br>
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty2<br>
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3<br>
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty4<br>
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty5<br>
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty6<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;  <br>
# Run xdm in runlevel 5<br>
x:5:respawn:/etc/X11/prefdm -nodaemon</code><hr>
</div>
<br>
娉ㄦ剰錛氭渚嬫枃浠剁殑娉ㄩ噴鏄粡榪囩紪杈戠殑錛屼負(fù)鐨勬槸淇濇寔涔﹂潰鐨勪竴鑷存�с�?br>
<font color="red"><br>
鐞嗚ВRunlevel<br>
</font><br>
runlevel鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鍦╥nit榪涚▼緇撴潫涔嬪悗鐨勭郴緇熺姸鎬侊紝鍦ㄧ郴緇熺殑紜歡涓病鏈夊浐瀹氱殑淇℃伅鏉ヨ〃紺簉unlevel錛屽畠綰補(bǔ)鏄竴縐嶈蔣浠剁粨鏋勩�俰nit鍜?
inittab鏄痳unlevel褰卞搷緋葷粺鐘舵�佺殑鍞竴鍘熷洜銆傚湪涓婅堪渚嬪瓙涓璱nittab鏂囦歡璧峰闃舵鐨勬敞閲婁富瑕佺敤鏉ユ弿榪皉unlevel錛?br>
<br>
Runlevel 0鏄init鍏抽棴鎵�鏈夎繘紼嬪茍緇堟緋葷粺銆?br>
Runlevel 1鏄敤鏉ュ皢緋葷粺杞埌鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮忥紝鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮忓彧鑳芥湁緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛樿繘鍏ワ紝鍦ㄨ妯″紡涓嬪鐞嗛偅浜涘湪鏈夌櫥褰曠敤鎴風(fēng)殑鎯呭喌涓嬩笉鑳借繘琛屾洿鏀圭殑鏂囦歡錛屾敼runlevel鐨勭紪鍙?涔熷彲浠ョ敤S浠ｆ浛銆?br>
Runlevel 2鏄厑璁哥郴緇熻繘鍏ュ鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬ā寮忥紝浣嗗茍涓嶆敮鎸佹枃浠跺叡浜紝榪欑妯″紡寰堝皯搴旂敤銆?br>
Runlevel 3鏄渶甯哥敤鐨勮繍琛屾ā寮忥紝涓昏鐢ㄦ潵鎻愪緵鐪熸鐨勫鐢ㄦ埛妯″紡錛屼篃鏄鏁版湇鍔″櫒鐨勭己鐪佹ā寮忋�?br>
Runlevel 4涓�鑸笉琚郴緇熶嬌鐢紝鐢ㄦ埛鍙互璁捐鑷繁鐨勭郴緇熺姸鎬佸茍灝嗗叾搴旂敤鍒皉unlevel 4闃舵錛屽敖綆″緢灝戜嬌鐢紝浣嗕嬌鐢ㄨ緋葷粺鍙互瀹炵幇涓�浜涚壒瀹氱殑鐧誨綍璇鋒眰銆?br>
Runlevel 5鏄皢緋葷粺鍒濆鍖栦負(fù)涓撶敤鐨刋 Window緇堢銆傚鍔熻兘寮哄ぇ鐨凩inux緋葷粺鏉ヨ錛岃繖騫朵笉鏄ソ鐨勯�夋嫨錛屼絾鐢ㄦ埛濡傛灉闇�瑕佽繖鏍鳳紝涔熷彲浠ラ�氳繃鍦╮unlevel鍚姩鏉ュ疄鐜拌鏂規(guī)銆?br>
Runlevel 6鏄叧闂墍鏈夎繍琛岀殑榪涚▼騫墮噸鏂板惎鍔ㄧ郴緇熴�?br>
<br>
鍦╥nittab鏂囦歡涓互#寮�澶寸殑鎵�鏈夎閮芥槸娉ㄩ噴琛屻�傛敞閲婅鏈夊姪浜庣敤鎴風(fēng)悊瑙nittab鏂囦歡錛宨nittab鏂囦歡涓殑鍊奸兘鏄涓嬫牸寮忥細(xì)<br>
<font color="red"><br>
label:runlevel:action:process<br>
</font><br>
<font color="red">label</font>鏄?~4涓瓧絎︾殑鏍囩錛岀敤鏉ユ爣紺鴻緭鍏ョ殑鍊箋�備竴浜涚郴緇熷彧鏀寔2涓瓧絎︾殑鏍囩銆傞壌浜庢鍘熷洜錛屽鏁頒漢閮藉皢鏍囩瀛楃鐨勪釜鏁伴檺鍒跺湪2涓互鍐呫�傝鏍囩鍙互鏄換鎰忓瓧絎︽瀯鎴愮殑瀛楃涓詫紝浣嗗疄闄呬笂錛屾煇浜涚壒瀹氱殑鏍囩鏄父鐢ㄧ殑錛屽湪Red Hat Linux涓嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏍囩鏄細(xì)<br>
<div style="margin: 5px 20px 20px;">
<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="smallfont" style="margin-bottom: 2px;">浠ｇ爜:</div>
<hr><code dir="ltr" style="margin: 0px;">id 鐢ㄦ潵瀹氫箟緙虹渷鐨刬nit榪愯鐨勭駭鍒?br>
si 鏄郴緇熷垵濮嬪寲鐨勮繘紼?br>
ln 鍏朵腑鐨刵浠?~6,鎸囨槑璇ヨ繘紼嬪彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄧ殑runlevel鐨勭駭鍒?br>
ud 鏄崌綰ц繘紼?br>
ca 鎸囨槑褰撴寜涓婥trl+Alt+Del鏄繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>
pf 鎸囧綋UPS琛ㄦ槑鏂數(shù)鏃惰繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>
pr 鏄湪緋葷粺鐪熸鍏抽棴涔嬪墠錛孶PS鍙戝嚭鐢墊簮鎭㈠鐨勪俊鍙鋒椂闇�瑕佽繍琛岀殑榪涚▼<br>
x&nbsp; 鏄皢緋葷粺杞叆X緇堢鏃墮渶瑕佽繍琛岀殑榪涚▼</code><hr>
</div>
<font color="red">runlevel</font>瀛楁鎸囧畾runlevel鐨勭駭鍒�傚彲浠ユ寚瀹氬涓猺unlevel綰у埆錛屼篃鍙互涓嶄負(fù)runlevel瀛楁鎸囧畾鐗瑰畾鐨勫�箋�?br>
<br>
<font color="red">action</font>瀛楁瀹氫箟浜?jiǎn)璇q涚▼搴旇榪愯鍦ㄤ綍縐嶇姸鎬佷笅錛?br>
<div style="margin: 5px 20px 20px;">
<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="smallfont" style="margin-bottom: 2px;">浠ｇ爜:</div>
<hr><code dir="ltr" style="margin: 0px;">boot&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦ㄧ郴緇熷惎鍔ㄦ椂榪愯錛屽拷鐣unlevel<br>
bootwait&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦ㄧ郴緇熷惎鍔ㄦ椂榪愯錛宨nit絳夊緟榪涚▼瀹屾垚銆傚拷鐣unlevel<br>
ctrlaltdel&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰揅trl+Alt+Del涓変釜閿悓鏃舵寜涓嬫椂榪愯錛屾妸SIGINT淇″彿鍙戦�佺粰init銆傚拷鐣unlevel<br>
initdefault&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 涓嶈鎵ц榪欎釜榪涚▼錛屽畠鐢ㄤ簬璁劇疆榛樿runlevel<br>
kbrequest&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰搃nit浠庨敭鐩樹腑鏀跺埌淇″彿鏃惰繍琛屻�傝繖閲岃姹傞敭鐩樼粍鍚堢鍚圞eyBoardSigral(鍙傝/usr/share/doc/kbd-*鍏充簬閿洏緇勫悎鐨勬枃妗?<br>
off&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 紱佹榪涘叆錛屽洜姝よ榪涚▼涓嶈繍琛?br>
once&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 姣忎竴涓猺unlevel綰у埆榪愯涓�嬈?br>
ondemand&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰撶郴緇熸寚瀹氱壒瀹氱殑榪愯綰у埆A銆丅銆丆鏃惰繍琛?br>
powerfail&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰搃nit鏀跺埌SIGPWR淇″彿鏃惰繍琛?br>
powerokwait&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰撴敹鍒癝IGPWD淇″彿涓?etc/鏂囦歡涓殑鐢墊簮鐘舵�佸寘鍚玂K鏃惰繍琛?br>
powerwait&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 褰撴敹鍒癝IGPWD淇″彿錛屽茍涓攊nit絳夊緟榪涚▼緇撴潫鏃惰繍琛?br>
respawn&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 涓嶇浣曟椂緇堟閮介噸鏂板惎鍔ㄨ繘紼?br>
sysinit&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 鍦ㄨ繍琛宐oot鎴朾ootwait榪涚▼涔嬪墠榪愯<br>
wait&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 榪愯榪涚▼絳夊緟杈撳叆榪愯妯″紡</code><hr>
</div>
<font color="red">process</font>瀛楁鍖呭惈init鎵ц鐨勮繘紼嬶紝璇ヨ繘紼嬮噰鐢ㄧ殑鏍煎紡涓庡湪鍛戒護(hù)琛屼笅榪愯璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑
鏍煎紡涓�鏍鳳紝鍥犳process瀛楁閮戒互璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑鍚嶅瓧寮�澶達(dá)紝绱ц窡鐫�鏄繍琛屾椂錛岀揣璺熺潃鏄繍琛屾椂瑕佷紶閫掔粰璇ヨ繘紼嬬殑鍙傛暟銆傛瘮濡?sbin/shutdown
-t3 -r now錛岃榪涚▼鍦ㄦ寜涓婥trl+Alt+Del鏃舵墽琛岋紝鍦ㄥ懡浠よ涓嬩篃鍙互鐩存帴杈撳叆鏉ラ噸鏂板惎鍔ㄧ郴緇熴�?br>
<font color="red"><br>
鐗規(guī)畩鐩殑鐨勮褰?br>
</font><br>
浠旂粏瀛︿範(fàn)渚嬪瓙鏂囦歡錛屽涔?fàn)搴旂敤鍏朵腑鍏充簬inittab鐨勮娉曟牸寮忋�傝鏂囦歡鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟鍐呭閮藉彲浠ュ拷鐣ワ紝鍥犱負(fù)瓚呰繃涓�鍗婄殑鍐呭閮芥槸娉ㄩ噴錛屽墿浣欑殑涓�浜涙枃浠跺唴瀹逛富瑕佹槸鐢ㄦ潵瀹炵幇鏌愪簺鐗規(guī)畩鐨勫姛鑳斤細(xì)<br>
<br>
id 鐨勫�艱〃鏄庣己鐪佺殑runlevel鏄?銆?br>
ud 鐨勫�煎彲浠ュ敜閱?sbin/update榪涚▼錛岃榪涚▼涓轟繚鎸佺鐩樼殑瀹屾暣鎬э紝灝嗗湪瀵圭鐩樿繘琛孖/O鎿嶄綔涔嬪墠娓呯┖鏁翠釜I/O緙撳啿鍖恒�?br>
pf銆乸r鍜宑a鐨勫�煎彧琚壒瀹氱殑涓柇鎵�璋冪敤銆?br>
濡傛灉緋葷粺鏄笓鐢ㄧ殑X緇堢錛屽垯鍙渶x鐨勮緭鍏ュ�箋�?br>
<br>
getty榪涚▼鏉ユ彁渚涜櫄鎷熺粓绔澶囩殑鏈嶅姟錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)<br>
<font color="red"><br>
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/mingetty tty3<br>
</font><br>
鏍囩瀛楁鐨勫�兼槸3,3鏄澶噒ty3鐨勬暟瀛楀悗緙�,tty3涓庣浉搴旂殑榪涚▼鐩稿叧鑱旓紝璇etty榪涚▼鍙互鍚姩鐨剅unlevel鏄?銆?銆?鍜?,褰撹榪涚▼緇?
姝㈡椂錛宨nit椹笂灝遍噸鏂板惎鍔ㄥ畠銆傚惎鍔ㄨ繘紼嬬殑璺緞鍚嶆槸/sbin/mingetty錛岃榪涚▼鏄疄鐜拌櫄鎷熺粓绔敮鎸佺殑鏈�灝忕増鏈殑getty錛屼負(fù)tty3鎻愪緵鍚?
鍔ㄨ櫄鎷熻澶囩殑榪涚▼銆?br>
<font color="red"><br>
si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit<br>
</font><br>
璇ュ�煎憡璇塱nit紼嬪簭榪愯/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit鑴氭湰鏂囦歡鏉ュ垵濮嬪寲緋葷粺錛岃鑴氭湰鏂囦歡涓庢墍鏈夊惎鍔ㄧ殑鑴氭湰綾諱技錛屽畠鍙槸涓�涓寘鍚獿inux鐨?
shell鍛戒護(hù)鐨勫彲鎵ц鏂囦歡錛屾敞鎰忚緭鍏ョ殑瀛楃涓插繀欏誨寘鎷鑴氭湰鐨勫畬鏁磋礬寰勩�備笉鍚岀増鏈殑Linux瀛樻斁璇ヨ剼鏈殑浣嶇疆涔熶笉鐩稿悓錛屼絾涓嶇敤鍒繪剰鍘昏蹇嗚繖浜涗綅緗紝鍙?
闇�鏌ョ湅/etc/inittab鏂囦歡鍗沖彲錛岃鏂囦歡涓寘鍚惎鍔ㄨ剼鏈枃浠剁殑紜垏浣嶇疆銆?br>
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l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc 3<br>
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璇ヨ琛ㄧず瑕佸惎鍔ㄦ墍鏈夌敱runlevel
3瀹氫箟鐨勬敮鎸佸鐢ㄦ埛鐨勮繘紼嬬殑鏈嶅姟錛屾爣絳緇3鏄駭鍒?鐨勬爣蹇楋紝鍦ㄤ笌榪愯level3鐩稿叧鐨刬nittab鏂囦歡涔嬪墠init紼嬪簭灝嗕竴鐩村浜庣瓑寰呯姸鎬侊紝鐩村埌鍚姩
鑴氭湰緇堟錛宨nit灝嗘墽琛?etc/rc.d/rc錛屽茍鍚戣鑴氭湰浼犻�掑懡浠よ鐨勫弬鏁頒負(fù)3銆?img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98208.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 23:27 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98208.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>/etc/inputrc</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98204.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 14:48:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98204.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98204.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98204.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98204.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98204.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p>Inputrc 鐢ㄦ潵澶勭悊閿洏鏄犲皠琛ㄣ�傝繖涓枃浠跺湪鍚姩鐨勬椂鍊欒涓�涓猙ash鍜屽叾浠杝hell浣跨敤鐨勫簱錛宺eadline錛岃皟鐢ㄣ�?/p>
<p>闃呰<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>info bash</font></tt> -- 灝忚妭: Readline Init file 鍜?tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>info readline</font></tt>鍙互鑾峰緱鏇村淇℃伅銆傝繖涓猺c鏂囦歡鍙互浣滃緢澶氫簨鎯呫�?/p>
<p>鎺ヤ笅鏉ョ殑鏄竴涓熀鏈殑<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>/etc/inputrc</font></tt>錛屽叾涓湁瀵瑰悇涓厤緗弬鏁扮殑瑙ｉ噴銆?/p>
<p>璇鋒敞鎰忚繖浜涙敞閲?em>涓嶈兘</em>鍜?tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>inputrc</font></tt>涓殑鍛戒護(hù)澶勪綔鍦ㄥ悓涓�琛屻�?/p>
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            <pre class="screen"># /etc/inputrc鐨勫紑濮?br><br># 紜鎴戜滑涓嶄細(xì)鍦ㄥ悓涓�琛屼腑杈撳嚭鎵�鏈夌殑涓滆タ銆?br>set horizontal-scroll-mode Off<br><br># 寮�鍚?姣旂壒杈撳叆<br>set meta-flag On<br>set input-meta On<br><br># 紱佹瀵圭8涓瘮鐗硅繃婊?br>set convert-meta Off<br><br># 鍦ㄦ樉紺烘椂淇濆瓨絎?涓瘮鐗?br>set output-meta On<br><br># 鍏抽棴鍙鍜屽０闊蟲彁紺?br>set bell-style none<br><br># 涓嬮潰鐨勫唴瀹圭粰鍑轟簡(jiǎn)鍦╮eadline<br># 鍑芥暟絎竴閮ㄥ垎涓寘鎷殑鎹㈢爜絎﹀簭鍒楃殑鍊?br><br>"\eOd": backward-word<br>"\eOc": forward-word<br><br># 鍦ㄦ帶鍒跺彴浣跨敤<br>"\e[1~": beginning-of-line<br>"\e[4~": end-of-line<br>"\e[5~": beginning-of-history<br>"\e[6~": end-of-history<br>"\e[3~": delete-char<br>"\e[2~": quoted-insert<br><br># xterm浣跨敤<br>"\eOH": beginning-of-line<br>"\eOF": end-of-line<br><br># /etc/inputrc緇撴潫<br></pre>
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<p>鍏ㄥ眬鐨勮瀹氬�煎寘鍚湪 <tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>/etc/inputrc</font></tt>涓�傛瘡涓敤鎴瘋嚜宸辯殑鍊艱瀹氫簬<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>~/.inputrc</font></tt>銆?<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>~/.inputrc</font></tt> 鑻ュ瓨鍦紝鍒欎細(xì)蹇界暐鍏ㄥ眬璁懼畾鍊箋�傚墠闈ash璁懼畾涓己鐪佽皟鐢?<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>/etc/inputrc</font></tt> 濡傛灉浣犳兂璁╃郴緇熷悓鏃朵嬌鐢ㄤ袱涓瀹氾紝鍙互鎶婁竴涓?<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>.inputrc</font></tt>鏀懼埌<tt class="filename"><font face="鏂板畫浣?>/etc/skel</font></tt> 涓粰姣忎竴涓柊寤虹珛鐨勭敤鎴蜂嬌鐢ㄣ�?/p>
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<p>~/.inputrc <br>銆�銆�"\M-H , \C-H" : "cd $HOME" <br>銆�銆�"\M-H ; \C-H" : "cd $HOME" <br>銆�銆�"\M-H + \C-H" : "cd $HOME" <br>銆�銆�"\M-H &amp; \C-H" : "cd $HOME" <br>銆�銆�.... <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�Any idea is greatly appreciated! 3KU very much ! <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�鍏堢敤cat鏌ョ湅緇勫悎鐑敭鐨凙SCII瀛楃錛?<br>銆�銆�# cat <br>銆�銆�&lt;鎸変笅鐑敭錛屽錛欳trl-Alt-H&gt; <br>銆�銆�鐪嬪埌浜?jiǎn)浠�涔堬紵 ^[^H 瀵逛笉瀵癸紵 <br>銆�銆�鎸?lt;Ctrl-D&gt;閫�鍑?<br>銆�銆�鍚岀悊鍙互寰楃煡鍏朵粬緇勫悎鐑敭瀵瑰簲鐨凙SCII瀛楃錛?鏈変竴浜涚粍鍚堢儹閿儚Ctrl錛婣lt錛婦/Q/Z/C/S/M/J/U/I/E濂藉儚涓嶈兘浣跨敤錛屼笉榪囨病鍏崇郴錛屽彲鐢ㄧ殑鐑敭鏈?5涓乏鍙?<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�鐒跺悗淇敼/etc/inputrc 鎴?~/.inputrc錛屽悜閲岄潰娣誨姞緇勫悎鐑敭鐨勫畯瀹氫箟錛屽伓鐨勫涓嬶細(xì) <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^G":"gaim &amp; &amp;&gt;/dev/null &amp;&amp; disown\C-M" <br>
#鎸塁trl-Alt-g鍦ㄥ綋鍓峴hell鎵撳紑gaim, 騫惰劚紱昏shell鐙珛榪愯錛屽嵆錛氬嵆浣夸綘閫�鍑轟簡(jiǎn)璇hell錛?
gaim涔熶笉浼?xì)鍏抽棴瀛椊W﹁緭鍏ユ柟娉? 鍦╲i鐨勬彃鍏ユā寮忎笅錛?^[鏄厛鎸塁trl-V, 鐒跺悗鎸塃SC錛孾^G鏄厛鎸塁trl-v,
鐒跺悗鎸塁trl-H錛屽叾浠栫殑涓庢綾諱技 <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^H":"vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf\C-M" <br>銆�銆�# Ctrl-Alt-h 鎵撳紑vi緙栬緫鍣ㄧ紪杈慳pache鐨勯厤緗枃浠?<br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^L":"stardict &amp; &amp;&gt;/dev/null &amp;&amp; disown\C-M" <br>銆�銆�# Ctrl-Alt-l -&gt;&gt; 榪愯鏄熼檯璇戠帇(l-&gt;look up鏌ヨ鐨勬剰鎬濓級(jí) <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^O":"soffice &amp; &amp;&gt;/dev/null &amp;&amp; disown\C-M" <br>銆�銆�# Ctrl-Alt-o -&gt;&gt; 鎵撳紑Openoffice <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^P":"opera &amp; &amp;&gt;/dev/null &amp;&amp; disown\C-M" <br>銆�銆�# Ctrl-Alt-p -&gt;&gt; 澶у悕榧庨紟鐨勬祻瑙堝櫒Opera <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�"^[^X":"xmms &amp; &amp;&gt;/dev/null &amp;&amp; disown\C-M" <br>銆�銆�<br>銆�銆�<a   class="channel_keylink" target="_blank">嫻嬭瘯</a>涓�涓嬶細(xì) <br>銆�銆�su - <br>銆�銆�&lt;Press Ctrl-Alt-X&gt; </p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98204.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 22:48 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98204.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>鏂版墜鐪嬫嫑 Linux緋葷粺涓嬭緗敤鎴風(fēng)櫥褰曠幆澧?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98203.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 14:39:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98203.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98203.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98203.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98203.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98203.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<span id="hvzpftn"    class="a14c">
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄤ嬌鐢↙inux緋葷粺鐨勬椂鍊欙紝榪橀渶瑕佺浉鍏崇殑宸ヤ綔鐜銆備負(fù)姝わ紝綆＄悊鍛樺簲涓虹敤鎴瘋緗櫥褰曠幆澧冦�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">褰撶敤鎴風(fēng)櫥褰昄inux緋葷粺鍚庯紝閫氬父鎺ヨЕ鐨勭涓�涓蔣浠剁幆澧冨氨鏄痓ash鍛戒護(hù)瑙ｉ噴紼嬪簭錛岃繖鏄櫎浜?jiǎn)绯痪l熸牳蹇?jī)涔嬪鏈�閲嶈鐨勮蔣浠剁幆澧冦�傚湪Linux緋葷粺涓紝杞歡鐜鐨勯厤緗俊鎭�氬父閮藉瓨鏀懼湪涓�浜涢厤緗枃浠朵腑銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">浠ヤ笅鏄竴浜涜緝涓洪噸瑕佺殑Shell鐜閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?etc/bashrc 鍖呭惈緋葷粺瀹氫箟鐨勫懡浠ゅ埆鍚嶅拰bash鐨勭幆澧冨彉閲忓畾涔夈�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?etc/profile 鍖呭惈緋葷粺鐨勭幆澧冨畾涔夛紝騫舵寚瀹氬惎鍔ㄦ椂蹇呴』榪愯鐨勭▼搴忋�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?etc/inputrc 鍖呭惈緋葷粺鐨勯敭鐩樿瀹氾紝浠ュ強(qiáng)閽堝涓嶅悓緇堢紼嬪簭鐨勯敭浣嶉厤緗俊鎭�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?HOME/.bashrc 鍖呭惈涓虹敤鎴峰畾涔夌殑鍛戒護(hù)鍒悕鍜宐ash鐨勭幆澧冨彉閲忓畾涔夈�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?HOME/bash_profile 鍖呭惈涓虹敤鎴峰畾涔夌殑鐜鍙橀噺錛屽茍鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鏃墮渶瑕佸惎鍔ㄧ殑紼嬪簭銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鈼?HOME/.inputrc 鍖呭惈鐢ㄦ埛鐨勯敭鐩樿瀹氾紝浠ュ強(qiáng)閽堝鐢ㄦ埛緇堢鐨勯敭浣嶉厤緗俊鎭�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;"> </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">榪欎簺鏂囦歡閮芥槸閲囩敤Shell璇█緙栧啓鐨勭郴緇熻剼鏈枃浠訛紝閫氬父鐢ㄦ埛鐩綍涓嬬殑閰嶇疆鏂囦歡涓?etc鐩綍涓浉瀵瑰簲鐨勬枃浠跺ぇ鑷寸浉鍚屻�?</p>
</span><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98203.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 22:39 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98203.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux涓繕璁頒簡(jiǎn)root瀵嗙爜鐨勮В鍐蟲柟娉?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98200.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 14:29:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98200.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98200.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98200.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98200.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98200.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[蹇樿浜?jiǎn)root瀵嗙爜鍙渶浠ュ崟鐢ㄦ埛鏂瑰紡榪涘叆緋葷粺錛屼慨鏀箁oot鐨勫瘑鐮佺劧鍚庡啀閲嶆柊鍚姩鍗沖彲銆傝繃紼嬪涓嬫墍紺恒�?<br>銆�銆�<strong><wbr>榪涘叆鍗曠敤鎴鋒ā寮?/strong>
<div   id="hvzpftn"   class="ns_content"><wbr> <br>銆�銆�緋葷粺鑷鍚庯紝榪涘叆 GRUB 鐨勫紩瀵艱彍鍗?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 鍒╃敤鏂瑰悜閿�夋嫨"Red Flag Desktop "榪欎竴欏癸紝鐒跺悗鎸夐敭鐩樹笂鐨?E"閿紝榪涘叆緙栬緫妯″紡銆?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 鍒╃敤鏂瑰悜閿�夋嫨"kernel /boot/vmlinux-2.6.9-5.34DT ro root=LABEL=/ vga=785 ..."榪欎竴欏癸紝鐒跺悗鎸夐敭鐩樹笂鐨?E"閿紝 <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 鍒╃敤鏂瑰悜閿皢鍏夋爣縐昏嚦"/vmlinuz-2.6.9-5.34DT"鍚庯紝"ro root="涔嬪墠錛岃緭鍏?絀烘牸single"錛屾寜鍥炶濺閿悗榪斿洖緙栬緫妯″紡錛屽啀鎸夐敭鐩樹笂鐨?B"閿紝榪囧嚑縐掗挓鍚庡氨浼?xì)杩涘叆鍗曠敤鎴锋ā寮忓Q?<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<strong><wbr>寮�濮嬩慨鏀瑰瘑鐮?<br></strong><wbr>銆�銆�<strong><wbr>鏂規(guī)硶1錛?/strong><wbr> <br>銆�銆�鍦?sh-3.00#"鍚庤緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">passwd root</font><wbr> <br>錛屽洖杞︼紱 <br>銆�銆�鍦?New password:"鍚庤緭鍏ユ?zhèn)ㄧ殑鏂板瘑鐮佸Q屽洖杞︼紱 <br>銆�銆�鍦?Retype new password:"鍚庤緭鍏ョ‘璁ゅ瘑鐮侊紝鍥炶濺錛屾彁紺哄瘑鐮佷慨鏀規(guī)垚鍔燂紱 <br>銆�銆�榪斿洖鍒?sh-3.00#"鍚庤緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">reboot</font><wbr> <br>錛屽洖杞︼紝閲嶅惎鍚庡嵆鍙敤鏂板瘑鐮佽繘琛岀櫥褰曘�?<br>銆�銆�<strong><wbr>鏂規(guī)硶2錛氫慨鏀?etc/shadow鏂囦歡</strong><wbr> <br>銆�銆�鐢變簬綰㈡棗Linux5.0妗岄潰鐗堜腑/etc/shadow鏂囦歡榛樿涓哄彧璇伙紝鎵�浠ュ厛淇敼鍏舵潈闄愪負(fù)璇誨啓銆?<br>銆�銆�鍦?sh-3.00#"鍚庤緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">chmod 600 /etc/shadow</font><wbr> <br>鎴?<br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">chomd u+w /etc/shadow</font><wbr> <br>錛屽洖杞﹀嵆鍙洿鏀瑰叾鏉冮檺涓鴻鍐欙紱 <br>銆�銆�<strong><wbr>浣跨敤VI緙栬緫/etc/shadow鏂囦歡</strong><wbr> <br>銆�銆�鍦?sh-3.00#"鍚庤緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">vi /etc/shadow</font><wbr> <br>錛涙墦寮�shadow鏂囦歡鍚庯紝灝嗙涓�琛岋紝鍗充互root寮�澶寸殑涓�琛屼腑root:鍚庡拰涓嬩竴涓?鍓嶇殑鍐呭鍒犻櫎錛屼笉瑕佸垹闄ゅ啋鍙鳳紱綾諱技浜?<br>銆�銆�root::...... <br>銆�銆�鍒犲ソ鍚庢寜" <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">:wq</font><wbr> <br>"鎴? <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">ZZ</font><wbr> <br>"鍗沖彲淇濆瓨鏂囦歡榪斿洖鍒?sh-3.00#"鎻愮ず絎︼紱鍐嶄嬌鐢ㄥ懡浠?<br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">chmod 400 /etc/shadow</font><wbr> <br>鎴?<br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">chomd u-w /etc/shadow</font><wbr> <br>錛屽皢鏉冮檺璁句負(fù)榛樿鐨勫彧璇繪潈闄愩�?<br>銆�銆�鏈�鍚庡湪"sh-3.00#"鍚庤緭鍏ワ細(xì) <br><font style="line-height: 1.3em;" color="#ff0000">reboot</font><wbr> <br>錛屽洖杞︼紝閲嶅惎鍚庡嵆鍙敤絀哄瘑鐮佽繘琛岀櫥褰曪紝鐧誨綍鍚庝慨鏀瑰瘑鐮佸嵆鍙�?/div><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98200.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 22:29 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98200.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>鎵嬪姩淇敼/etc/shadow涓殑鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98196.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 14:18:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98196.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98196.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98196.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98196.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98196.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[/etc/shadow涓牸寮忓涓?br>
#testaccount:<font color="#ff0000"><strong>$1$acQMceF9</strong></font><strong>$<font color="#0080ff">1SaCpG2qiKKA3eGolU4Fp0</font></strong>:13402:0:99999:7:::<br>
褰╄壊孌典負(fù)鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑瀵嗙爜錛?font color="#ff0000">$1$琛ㄧず閲囩敤鐨勬槸md5鍔犲瘑</font>錛?font color="#006666">緇胯壊孌墊槸綆�鍗曠殑瀛楃涓詫紝</font><font color="#0080ff">钃濊壊孌典負(fù)鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑瀵嗙爜</font><br>
<br>
<font color="#0080ff">浠ヤ笅鍛戒護(hù)鍙緱鍒板姞瀵嗗悗鐨勫瓧絎︿覆錛寊z</font>涓哄瘑鐮?br>
perl -e &#8217;print crypt("<font color="#ff0000">zz</font>","錛?1錛?<font color="#006666">acQMceF9</font>錛?"),"錛糿"&#8217;<br>
<br>
緇撴灉濡備笅<br>
$1$acQMceF9$1SaCpG2qiKKA3eGolU4Fp0<br>
<br>
鐢ㄦ孌靛瘑鐮佹浛鎹?etc/shadow涓殑瀵嗙爜閮ㄥ垎鍗沖彲<br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98196.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 22:18 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98196.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鐨勫彛浠ゅ畨鍏ㄩ棶棰樿緇嗚В鏋愶紙LINUX 鍚敤shadow鏂囦歡 鍙ｄ護(hù)淇濇姢錛?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98195.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 14:16:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98195.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98195.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98195.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98195.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98195.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[銆�銆�鍑犱箮鎵�鏈夌殑綾籙nix<a   class="hui14_line"><font style="color: #333333;">鎿嶄綔緋葷粺</font></a>鐨勫彛浠ゆ枃浠剁殑鏍煎紡閮介浄鍚岋紝Linux浜︿笉渚嬪銆傚彛浠ゅ畨鍏ㄦ槸Linux鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鐨勪紶緇熷畨鍏ㄩ棶棰樹箣涓�銆?<br>
<br>
<strong>浼犵粺鍙ｄ護(hù)涓庡獎(jiǎng)瀛愬彛浠?<br>
</strong><br>
/etc/passwd鏄瓨鏀劇敤鎴風(fēng)殑鍩烘湰淇℃伅鐨勫彛浠ゆ枃浠躲�傝鍙ｄ護(hù)鏂囦歡鐨勬瘡涓�琛岄兘鍖呭惈鐢?涓啋鍙峰垎闅旂殑7涓煙錛?<br>
<br>
username: passwd: uid: gid: comments: Directory: shell <br>
<br>
浠ヤ笂浠庡乏鍒板彸7涓煙鍒嗗埆鍙欒堪濡備笅錛?<br>
<br>
username錛氭槸鐢ㄦ埛鐧婚檰浣跨敤鐨勫悕瀛椼�?<br>
<br>
passwd錛氭槸鍙ｄ護(hù)瀵嗘枃鍩熴�傚瘑鏂囨槸鍔犲瘑榪囩殑鍙ｄ護(hù)銆傚鏋滃彛浠ょ粡榪噑hadow鍒欏彛浠ゅ瘑鏂囧煙鍙樉紺轟竴涓獂錛岄�氬父錛屽彛浠ら兘搴旇緇忚繃shadow浠ョ‘淇濆畨鍏ㄣ�傚鏋滃彛浠ゅ瘑鏂囧煙鏄劇ず涓?錛屽垯琛ㄦ槑璇ョ敤鎴峰悕鏈夋晥浣嗕笉鑳界櫥闄嗐�傚鏋滃彛浠ゅ瘑鏂囧煙涓虹┖鍒欒〃鏄庤鐢ㄦ埛鐧婚檰涓嶉渶瑕佸彛浠ゃ�?<br>
<br>
uid錛氱郴緇熺敤浜庡敮涓�鏍囪瘑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶇殑鏁板瓧錛寀id緋葷粺鏄繖鏍峰垎閰嶇殑錛?<br>
<br>
0 瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛 <br>
<br>
1锝?0 瀹堟姢紼嬪簭鍜屼吉鐢ㄦ埛 <br>
<br>
11锝?9 緋葷粺淇濈暀鐢ㄦ埛 <br>
<br>
100锝?姝ｅ父鐢ㄦ埛 <br>
<br>
gid錛氳〃紺虹敤鎴鋒墍鍦ㄩ粯璁ょ粍鍙楓�傜敱/etc/group鏂囦歡鍐沖畾銆?<br>
<br>
comments錛氭弿榪扮敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓漢淇℃伅銆?<br>
<br>
directory錛氬畾涔夌敤鎴風(fēng)殑鍒濆宸ヤ綔鐩綍銆?<br>
<br>
shell錛氬氨鏄寚瀹氱敤鎴風(fēng)櫥闄嗗埌緋葷粺鍚庡惎鍔ㄧ殑澶栧３紼嬪簭銆?<br>
<br>
琛?鍒楀嚭浜?jiǎn)绯痪l熷湪瀹夎榪囩▼涓垱寤虹殑鏍囧噯鐢ㄦ埛錛岃〃涓殑鍐呭鍜?etc/passwd鏂囦歡鐨勬弿榪版槸涓�鑷寸殑銆?<br>
<br>
琛?鍒楀嚭緋葷粺瀹夎榪囩▼涓垱寤虹殑鏍囧噯鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝鍜?etc/group鏂囦歡鏄竴鑷寸殑錛?<br>
<br>
Linux浣跨敤涓嶅彲閫嗙殑鍔犲瘑綆楁硶濡侱ES鏉ュ姞瀵嗗彛浠わ紝鐢變簬鍔犲瘑綆楁硶鏄笉鍙�嗙殑錛屾墍浠ヤ粠瀵嗘枃鏄緱涓嶅埌鏄庢枃鐨勩�備絾闂鍦ㄤ簬錛?etc/passwd鏂囦歡鏄?
鍏ㄥ眬鍙鐨勶紝鍔犲瘑鐨勭畻娉曟槸鍏紑鐨勶紝濡傛灉鏈夋伓鎰忕敤鎴峰彇寰椾簡(jiǎn)/etc/passwd鏂囦歡錛屼粬灝卞彲浠ョ┓涓炬墍鏈夊彲鑳界殑鏄庢枃閫氳繃鐩稿悓鐨勭畻娉曡綆楀嚭瀵嗘枃榪涜姣旇緝錛岀洿鍒?
鐩稿悓錛屼簬鏄粬灝辯牬瑙ｄ簡(jiǎn)鍙ｄ護(hù)銆傚洜姝わ紝閽堝榪欑瀹夊叏闂錛孡inux/Unix騫挎硾閲囩敤浜?#8220;shadow錛堝獎(jiǎng)瀛愶級(jí)&#8221;鏈哄埗錛屽皢鍔犲瘑鐨勫彛浠よ漿縐誨埌/etc
/shadow鏂囦歡閲岋紝璇ユ枃浠跺彧涓簉oot瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛鍙錛岃�屽悓鏃?etc/passwd鏂囦歡鐨勫瘑鏂囧煙鏄劇ず涓轟竴涓獂錛屼粠鑰屾渶澶ч檺搴﹀噺灝戝瘑鏂囨硠闇茬殑鏈轟細(xì)銆?<br>
<br>
/etc/shadow鏂囦歡鐨勬瘡琛屾槸8涓啋鍙峰垎鍓茬殑9涓煙錛屾牸寮忓涓嬶細(xì) <br>
<br>
username: passwd: lastchg: min: max: warn: inactive: expire: flag <br>
<br>
鍏朵腑錛?<br>
<br>
lastchg錛氳〃紺轟粠1970騫?鏈?鏃ヨ搗鍒頒笂嬈′慨鏀瑰彛浠ゆ墍緇忚繃鐨勫ぉ鏁般�?<br>
<br>
min錛氳〃紺轟袱嬈′慨鏀瑰彛浠や箣闂磋嚦灝戠粡榪囩殑澶╂暟銆?<br>
<br>
max錛氳〃紺哄彛浠よ繕浼?xì)鏈夋晥鐨勬渶澶уぉ鏁幫紝濡傛灉鏄?9999鍒欒〃紺烘案涓嶈繃鏈熴�?<br>
<br>
warn錛氳〃紺哄彛浠ゅけ鏁堝墠澶氬皯澶╁唴緋葷粺鍚戠敤鎴峰彂鍑?guó)櫗﹀憡銆?<br>
<br>
inactive錛氳〃紺虹姝㈢櫥闄嗗墠鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶈繕鏈夋晥鐨勫ぉ鏁般�?<br>
<br>
expire錛氳〃紺虹敤鎴瘋紱佹鐧婚檰鐨勬椂闂淬�? <br>
<br>
flag錛氭棤鎰忎箟錛屾湭浣跨敤銆?<br>
<br>
<br>
<strong>銆�鍚敤褰卞瓙鍙ｄ護(hù) <br>
</strong><br>
RedHat Linux緙虹渷瀹夎shadow錛屽鏋滀綘鍙戠幇浣犵殑緋葷粺鐨?etc/passwd鏂囦歡浠嶇劧鍙互鐪嬪埌瀵嗘枃錛屽氨璇存槑浣犳病鏈夊惎鐢╯hadow銆傚彲浠ユ墽琛宲wconv鏉ュ惎鐢╯hadow銆?<br>
<br>
鍦≧edHat Linux 7.1涓紝褰卞瓙宸ュ叿鍖咃紙shadow utils錛夊寘鍚簡(jiǎn)鍑犱釜宸ュ叿鏀寔浠ヤ笅鍔熻兘錛?<br>
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浼犵粺鍙ｄ護(hù)涓庡獎(jiǎng)瀛愬彛浠や箣闂寸殑杞崲宸ュ叿錛歱wconv銆乸wunconv銆?<br>
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楠岃瘉鍙ｄ護(hù)錛岀粍鍜岀浉搴旂殑褰卞瓙鏂囦歡錛歱wck銆乬rpck銆?<br>
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浠ョ鍚堝伐涓氭爣鍑嗙殑鏂規(guī)硶澧炲姞銆佸垹闄ゅ拰淇敼鐢ㄦ埛甯愭埛錛歶seradd銆乽sermod銆乽serdel銆?<br>
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浠ョ鍚堝伐涓氭爣鍑嗙殑鏂規(guī)硶澧炲姞銆佸垹闄ゅ拰淇敼鐢ㄦ埛緇勶細(xì)groupadd銆乬roupmod銆乬roupdel銆?<br>
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浠ョ鍚堝伐涓氭爣鍑嗙殑鏂規(guī)硶綆＄悊鏂囦歡/etc/group銆?<br>
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鏃犺緋葷粺鏄惁鍚敤shadow鏈哄埗錛屼笂榪板伐鍏烽兘鍙互姝ｅ父浣跨敤銆?<br>
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<strong>銆�鏇存敼Linux鍙ｄ護(hù)鐨勬渶鐭暱搴?<br>
</strong><br>
Linux緋葷粺榛樿鏈�鐭彛浠ら暱搴︿負(fù)5涓瓧絎︼紝榪欎釜闀垮害涓嶈凍浠ヤ繚璇佸彛浠ょ殑鍋ュ．鎬э紝搴旇鏀逛負(fù)鏈�鐭?涓瓧絎︼紝緙栬緫/etc/login.defs鏂囦歡錛屽湪姝ゆ枃浠朵腑錛屽皢 <br>
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PASS_MIN_LEN銆�銆�5 <br>
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鏀逛負(fù)錛?<br>
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PASS_MIN_LEN銆�銆�8 <img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98195.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 22:16 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98195.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>linux /etc/passwd,/etc/shadow銆�鐢ㄦ埛鏂囦歡鐨勮鏄?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98193.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Fri, 09 Oct 2009 13:52:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98193.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98193.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98193.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98193.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98193.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[linux鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鐨勭敤鎴鋒枃浠剁殑璇存槑
<br><strong>/<span id="hvzpftn"    class="hilite1">etc/passwd</span></strong>
<br>&nbsp; 璇ョ洰褰曞瓨鍌ㄧ殑鏄搷浣滅郴緇熺敤鎴蜂俊鎭紝璇ユ枃浠朵負(fù)鎵�鏈夌敤鎴峰彲瑙併�?
<br>緇檒inux緋葷粺娣誨姞涓�涓笎鍙鳳細(xì)
<br>&nbsp; useradd -g mysql -d /home/test -m test錛堬細(xì)鏂板緩涓�涓敤鎴穞est, 灞炰簬mysql緇勶紝寮�濮嬬洰褰曟槸/home/test錛?
<br>&nbsp; 鐒跺悗榪涘叆 /<span id="hvzpftn"    class="hilite1">etc/passwd</span>錛屽彲浠ョ湅鍒板涓嬩俊鎭紝鍦ㄦ渶鍚庝竴琛屽彲浠ョ湅鍒板垰鍔犵殑鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪俊鎭�傚涓?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; dovecot:x:97:97:dovecot:/usr/libexec/dovecot:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; webalizer:x:67:67:Webalizer:/var/www/usage:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; squid:x:23:23::/var/spool/squid:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; pcap:x:77:77::/var/arpwatch:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; xfs:x:43:43:X Font Server:/etc/X11/fs:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; hsqldb:x:96:96::/var/lib/hsqldb:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; gdm:x:42:42::/var/gdm:/sbin/nologin
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; hzmc:x:500:500:hzmc:/home/hzmc:/bin/bash
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; mysql:x:501:501::/home/mysql:/bin/bash
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; chenhua:x:503:501::/home/chenhua:/bin/bash
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; test:x:504:501::/home/test:/bin/bash
<br>鍙互鐪嬪嚭/<span id="hvzpftn"    class="hilite1">etc/passwd</span>鏂囦歡瀛樻斁鐨勬槸鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪俊鎭紝鐢?涓垎鍙風(fēng)粍鎴愮殑7涓俊鎭紝瑙ｉ噴濡備笅
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃�?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)瀵嗙爜錛堝凡緇忓姞瀵嗭級(jí)
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)UID錛堢敤鎴鋒爣璇嗭級(jí),鎿嶄綔緋葷粺鑷繁鐢ㄧ殑
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)GID緇勬爣璇嗐�?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)鐢ㄦ埛鍏ㄥ悕鎴栨湰鍦板笎鍙?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)寮�濮嬬洰褰?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; 錛?錛夛細(xì)鐧誨綍浣跨敤鐨凷hell錛屽氨鏄鐧誨綍鍛戒護(hù)榪涜瑙ｆ瀽鐨勫伐鍏楓�?
<br>&nbsp; 涓嬮潰涓簍est鐢ㄦ埛璁劇疆瀵嗙爜錛屾墽琛屽涓嬪懡浠?
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; passwd test
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; [root@localhost etc]# passwd test
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Changing password for user test.
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; New UNIX password:
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Retype new UNIX password:
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; [root@localhost etc]#
<br>&nbsp; 鐒跺悗榪涘叆/etc/shadow鏂囦歡涓嬮潰鍙互鐪嬪埌濡備笅淇℃伅
<br>&nbsp; gdm:!!:14302:0:99999:7:::
<br>&nbsp; hzmc:$1$JZMjXqxJ$bvRpGQxbuRiEa86KPLhhC1:14302:0:99999:7:::
<br>&nbsp; mysql:!!:14315:0:99999:7:::
<br>&nbsp; chenhua:$1$YBJZNyXJ$BnpKFD58vSgqzsyRO0ZeO1:14316:0:99999:7:::
<br>&nbsp; test:$1$hKjqUA40$OelB9h3UKOgnttKgmRpFr/:14316:0:99999:7:::
<br>&nbsp; 鍙互鍙戠幇錛屽叡鏈?涓爮鐩?
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)甯愬彿鍚嶇О
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)瀵嗙爜錛氳繖閲屾槸鍔犲瘑榪囩殑錛屼絾楂樻墜涔熷彲浠ヨВ瀵嗙殑銆傝涓昏瀹夊叏闂錛堜唬錛佺鍙鋒爣璇嗚甯愬彿涓嶈兘鐢ㄦ潵鐧誨綍錛?
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)涓婃淇敼瀵嗙爜鐨勬棩鏈?
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)瀵嗙爜涓嶅彲琚彉鏇寸殑澶╂暟
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)瀵嗙爜闇�瑕佽閲嶆柊鍙樻洿鐨勫ぉ鏁幫紙99999琛ㄧず涓嶉渶瑕佸彉鏇達(dá)級(jí)
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)瀵嗙爜鍙樻洿鍓嶆彁鍓嶅嚑澶╄鍛?
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)甯愬彿澶辨晥鏃ユ湡
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)甯愬彿鍙栨秷鏃ユ湡
<br> 錛?錛夛細(xì)淇濈暀鏉＄洰錛岀洰鍓嶆病鐢?
<br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98193.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-09 21:52 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/09/98193.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>絎竴涓獀isudo鍛戒護(hù)</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98061.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 16:42:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98061.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98061.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98061.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98061.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98061.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[鍦╮oot涓嬭繍琛寁isudo<br>娣誨姞<br>usr1 ALL=/usr/bin/reboot,/usr/bin/shutdown<br><br>鍒版柊鐢ㄦ埛涓嬫墽琛宻udo reboot<br>鎵ц鎴愬姛銆?br><br><br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98061.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-08 00:42 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98061.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>visudo緙栬緫sudoers閰嶇疆鏂囦歡(杞?</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98059.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 16:31:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98059.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98059.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98059.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98059.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98059.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<div   class="hvzpftn"   id="art" style="margin: 15px;">
<span id="ctl00_MainContentPlaceholder_ctl01_ctl00_lblEntry">
<div   class="hvzpftn"   id="msgcns!E154F49F7F84310C!201" class="bvMsg">
<div>visudo緙栬緫sudoers閰嶇疆鏂囦歡錛屼笉榪囦篃鍙互鐩存帴閫氳繃淇敼sudoers鏂囦歡瀹炵幇錛屼笉榪囩紪杈戜箣鍓嶆渶濂界湅涓�涓嬪畠鐨剆ample.sudoers鏂囦歡錛岄噷闈㈡湁涓�涓浉褰撹緇嗙殑渚嬪瓙鍙互鍙傝�冦�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </div>
<div>絀烘牸閮ㄥ垎鐢╰ab閿唬鏇?br>&nbsp; 錛冪涓�閮ㄥ垎錛氱敤鎴峰畾涔夛紝灝嗙敤鎴峰垎涓篎ULLTIMERS銆丳ARTTIMERS鍜學(xué)EBMASTERS涓夌被銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; FULLTIMERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; millert,&nbsp;&nbsp; mikef,&nbsp;&nbsp; dowdy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; PARTTIMERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; bostley,&nbsp;&nbsp; jwfox,&nbsp;&nbsp; crawl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; WEBMASTERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; will,&nbsp;&nbsp; wendy,&nbsp;&nbsp; wim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛冪浜岄儴鍒嗭紝灝嗘搷浣滅被鍨嬪垎綾匯�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; OP&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; root,&nbsp;&nbsp; operator&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; DB&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; oracle,&nbsp;&nbsp; sybase&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; #絎笁閮ㄥ垎錛屽皢涓繪満鍒嗙被銆傝繖浜涢兘鏄殢渚垮垎寰楋紝鐩殑鏄負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏇村ソ鍦敖帯鐞嗐�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SPARC&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; bigtime,&nbsp;&nbsp; eclipse,&nbsp;&nbsp; moet,&nbsp;&nbsp; anchor&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; SGI&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; grolsch,&nbsp;&nbsp; dandelion,&nbsp;&nbsp; black&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ALPHA&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; widget,&nbsp;&nbsp; thalamus,&nbsp;&nbsp; foobar&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; HPPA&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; boa,&nbsp;&nbsp; nag,&nbsp;&nbsp; python&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; CUNETS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; 128.138.0.0/255.255.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; CSNETS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; 128.138.243.0,&nbsp;&nbsp; 128.138.204.0/24,&nbsp;&nbsp; 128.138.242.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; master,&nbsp;&nbsp; mail,&nbsp;&nbsp; www,&nbsp;&nbsp; ns&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Host_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; CDROM&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; orion,&nbsp;&nbsp; perseus,&nbsp;&nbsp; hercules&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛冪鍥涢儴鍒嗭紝瀹氫箟鍛戒護(hù)鍜屽懡浠ゅ湴璺緞銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; DUMPS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/mt,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/dump,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/rdump,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; /usr/sbin/restore,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/rrestore&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; KILL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/kill&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; PRINTING&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/lpc,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/lprm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SHUTDOWN&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/shutdown&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; HALT&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/halt,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/fasthalt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; REBOOT&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/reboot,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/sbin/fastboot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SHELLS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/sh,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/csh,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/ksh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; /usr/local/bin/tcsh,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/rsh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; /usr/local/bin/zsh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SU&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;錛?
榪欓噷鏄拡瀵逛笉鍚岀殑鐢ㄦ埛閲囩敤涓嶅悓鍦扮瓥鐣ワ紝姣斿榛樿鎵�鏈夌殑syslog鐩存帴閫氳繃auth&nbsp;&nbsp;
杈撳嚭銆侳ULLTIMERS緇勪笉鐢ㄧ湅鍒發(fā)ecture錛堢涓�嬈¤繍琛屾椂浜х敓鐨勬秷鎭級(jí)錛涚敤鎴穖illert浣跨敤sudo鏃朵笉鐢ㄨ緭鍏ュ瘑鐮侊紱浠ュ強(qiáng)logfile鐨?
璺緞鍦?var/log/sudo.log鑰屼笖姣忎竴琛屾棩蹇椾腑蹇呴』鍖呮嫭騫淬�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Defaults&nbsp;&nbsp; syslog=auth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Defaults:FULLTIMERS&nbsp;&nbsp; !lecture&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Defaults:millert&nbsp;&nbsp; !authenticate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; <a  href="&#109;&#97;&#105;&#108;&#116;&#111;&#58;&#68;&#101;&#102;&#97;&#117;&#108;&#116;&#115;&#64;&#83;&#69;&#82;&#86;&#69;&#82;&#83;">Defaults@SERVERS</a>&nbsp;&nbsp; log_year,&nbsp;&nbsp; logfile=/var/log/sudo.log&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛價(jià)oot鍜寃heel緇勭殑鎴愬憳鎷ユ湁浠諱綍鏉冨埄銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; root&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; %wheel&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;錛僃ULLTIMERS鍙互榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鍦ㄤ換浣曚富鏈鴻�屼笉鐢ㄨ緭鍏ヨ嚜宸辯殑瀵嗙爜&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; FULLTIMERS&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛働ARTTIMERS鍙互榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鍦ㄤ換浣曚富鏈猴紝浣嗘槸蹇呴』鍏堥獙璇佽嚜宸辯殑瀵嗙爜銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; PARTTIMERS&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僯ack鍙互榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鍦ㄥ畾涔夊湴CSNET錛?28.138.243.0,&nbsp;&nbsp; 128.138.242.0鍜?28.138.204.0/24鐨勫瓙緗戯級(jí)涓紝涓嶈繃娉ㄦ剰鍓嶄袱涓笉闇�瑕佸尮閰嶅瓙緗戞帺鐮侊紝鑰屽悗涓�涓繀欏誨尮閰嶆帺鐮併�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; jack&nbsp;&nbsp; CSNETS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僱isa鍙互榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鍦ㄥ畾涔変負(fù)CUNETS錛?28.138.0.0錛夌殑瀛愮綉涓富鏈轟笂銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; lisa&nbsp;&nbsp; CUNETS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; #鐢ㄦ埛operator鍙互榪愯DUMPS,KILL,PRINTING,SHUTDOWN,HALT,REBOOT浠ュ強(qiáng)鍦?usr/oper/bin涓殑鎵�鏈夊懡浠ゃ�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; operator&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; DUMPS,&nbsp;&nbsp; KILL,&nbsp;&nbsp; PRINTING,&nbsp;&nbsp; SHUTDOWN,&nbsp;&nbsp; HALT,&nbsp;&nbsp; REBOOT,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; /usr/oper/bin/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僯oe鍙互榪愯su&nbsp;&nbsp; operator鍛戒護(hù)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; joe&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp; operator&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僷ete鍙互涓洪櫎root涔嬪鍦扮敤鎴蜂慨鏀瑰瘑鐮併�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; pete&nbsp;&nbsp; HPPA&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/passwd&nbsp;&nbsp; [A-z]*,&nbsp;&nbsp; !/usr/bin/passwd&nbsp;&nbsp; root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僢ob鍙互鍦⊿PARC鍜孲GI鏈哄櫒涓婂拰OP鐢ㄦ埛緇勪腑鐨剅oot鍜宱perator涓�鏍瘋繍琛屽浣曞懡浠ゃ�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; bob&nbsp;&nbsp; SPARC&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (OP)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; :&nbsp;&nbsp; SGI&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (OP)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;錛僯im鍙互榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鍦╞iglab緗戠粶緇勪腑銆係udo榛樿&#8220;錛?#8221;鏄竴涓綉緇滅粍鍦板墠緙�銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; jim&nbsp;&nbsp; +biglab&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛冨湪secretaries涓湴鐢ㄦ埛甯姪綆＄悊鎵撳嵃鏈猴紝騫朵笖鍙互榪愯adduser鍜宺muser鍛戒護(hù)銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; +secretaries&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; PRINTING,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/adduser,&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/rmuser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僨red鑳藉鐩存帴榪愯oracle鎴栬�卻ybase鏁版嵁搴撱�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; fred&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (DB)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僯ohn鍙互鍦ˋLPHA鏈哄櫒涓婏紝su闄や簡(jiǎn)root涔嬪鍦版墍鏈変漢銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; john&nbsp;&nbsp; ALPHA&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp; [!-]*,&nbsp;&nbsp; !/usr/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp; *root*&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僯en鍙互鍦ㄩ櫎浜?jiǎn)SERVERS涓繪満緇勭殑鏈哄櫒涓婅繍琛屼換浣曞懡浠ゃ�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; jen&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL,&nbsp;&nbsp; !SERVERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僯ill鍙互鍦⊿ERVERS涓婅繍琛?usr/bin/涓殑闄や簡(jiǎn)su鍜宻hell鍛戒護(hù)涔嬪鐨勬墍鏈夊懡浠ゃ�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; jill&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/,&nbsp;&nbsp; !SU,&nbsp;&nbsp; !SHELLS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僺teve鍙互浣滀負(fù)鏅�氱敤鎴瘋繍琛屽湪CSNETS涓繪満涓婄殑/usr/local/op_commands/鍐呯殑浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; steve&nbsp;&nbsp; CSNETS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (operator)&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/local/op_commands/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;錛僲att鍙互鍦ㄤ粬鐨勪釜浜哄伐浣滅珯涓婅繍琛宬ill鍛戒護(hù)銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; matt&nbsp;&nbsp; valkyrie&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; KILL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛僕EBMASTERS鐢ㄦ埛緇勪腑鐨勭敤鎴峰彲浠ヤ互www鐨勭敤鎴峰悕榪愯浠諱綍鍛戒護(hù)鎴栬�呭彲浠u&nbsp;&nbsp; www銆?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; WEBMASTERS&nbsp;&nbsp; www&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (www)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL,&nbsp;&nbsp; (root)&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp; www&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 錛冧換浣曠敤鎴峰彲浠ount鎴栬�卽mount涓�涓猚d-rom鍦–DROM涓繪満涓婏紝鑰屼笉鐢ㄨ緭鍏ュ瘑鐮併�?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; CDROM&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:&nbsp;&nbsp; /sbin/umount&nbsp;&nbsp; /CDROM,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; /sbin/mount&nbsp;&nbsp; -o&nbsp;&nbsp; nosuid,nodev&nbsp;&nbsp; /dev/cd0a&nbsp;&nbsp; /CDROM&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; 10)&nbsp;&nbsp; 鎴戠殑sudoers&nbsp;&nbsp; 閰嶇疆鏂囦歡鏄繖鏍風(fēng)殑&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; User_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; root,username&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Runas_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; OP&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; username&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; IPCHAINS&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/ipchains&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; EDIT&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /bin/vi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SHUTDOWN&nbsp;&nbsp; =/sbin/shutdown&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; HALT&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/halt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; DEL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /bin/rm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; COPY=&nbsp;&nbsp; /bin/cp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SU=/bin/su&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; SLEEP=&nbsp;&nbsp; /bin/sleep&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; REBOOT&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /usr/bin/reboot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; CHMOD=/bin/chmod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; HWCLOCK=/sbin/hwclock&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; TRACET=/usr/sbin/traceroute&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; VIPW&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; /sbin/route&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; PASSWD=/usr/bin/passwd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; IPSEC=/usr/local/sbin/ipsec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; ARP=/sbin/arp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; Cmnd_Alias&nbsp;&nbsp; HOSTNAME=/bin/hostname&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; root&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp; =&nbsp;&nbsp; (ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; ALL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:HOSTNAME&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:ARP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:HWCLOCK&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:IPCHAINS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:HALT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:SHUTDOWN&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:REBOOT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:CHMOD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:IPSEC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:PASSWD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:TRACET&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:DEL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:COPY&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:SU&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:EDIT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:SLEEP&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; ADMIN&nbsp;&nbsp; SERVERNAME=(ALL)&nbsp;&nbsp; NOPASSWD:ROUTE&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>&nbsp; sudo鐨勪嬌鐢ㄧ浉瀵瑰湴綆�鍗曪紝鍙灝唖udo鍜宻udoers鍛戒護(hù)鎷瘋礉鍒扮浉搴旂殑璺緞鍗沖彲銆係udo鍛戒護(hù)鍙互rename鎴愪綘鎵�鍠滄鐨勫悕瀛楋紝sudoers涔熶竴鏍楓�?</div>
</div>
</span>
</div><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98059.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-08 00:31 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/08/98059.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>閲嶆柊鍚姩鍚庣殑瑁歌澶囩殑灞炰富鍜屾潈闄?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98056.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 15:50:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98056.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98056.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98056.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98056.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98056.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[浣跨敤chown鍜宑hmod錛屾墽琛宺eboot鍚庯紝<br>浣跨敤ls -l /dev/raw/raw1鐨勫睘涓繪病鏈夊彉鍥瀝oot銆?br><br><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98056.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-07 23:50 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98056.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>Linux鐢ㄦ埛鍜岀敤鎴風(fēng)粍綆＄悊錛堣漿錛?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98054.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 15:39:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98054.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98054.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98054.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98054.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98054.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[Linux緋葷粺鏄竴涓鐢ㄦ埛澶氫換鍔＄殑鍒嗘椂鎿嶄綔緋葷粺錛屼換浣曚竴涓浣跨敤緋葷粺璧勬簮鐨勭敤鎴鳳紝閮藉繀欏婚鍏堝悜緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛樼敵璇蜂竴涓處鍙鳳紝鐒跺悗浠ヨ繖涓處鍙風(fēng)殑韜喚榪涘叆
緋葷粺銆傜敤鎴風(fēng)殑璐﹀彿涓�鏂歸潰鍙互甯姪緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛樺浣跨敤緋葷粺鐨勭敤鎴瘋繘琛岃窡韙紝騫舵帶鍒朵粬浠緋葷粺璧勬簮鐨勮闂紱鍙︿竴鏂歸潰涔熷彲浠ュ府鍔╃敤鎴風(fēng)粍緇囨枃浠訛紝騫朵負(fù)鐢ㄦ埛鎻愪緵瀹夊叏鎬?
淇濇姢銆傛瘡涓敤鎴瘋處鍙烽兘鎷ユ湁涓�涓儫涓�鐨勭敤鎴峰悕鍜屽悇鑷殑鍙ｄ護(hù)銆傜敤鎴峰湪鐧誨綍鏃墮敭鍏ユ紜殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶅拰鍙ｄ護(hù)鍚庯紝灝辮兘澶熻繘鍏ョ郴緇熷拰鑷繁鐨勪富鐩綍銆?
<p>銆�銆�瀹炵幇鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鐨勭鐞嗭紝瑕佸畬鎴愮殑宸ヤ綔涓昏鏈夊涓嬪嚑涓柟闈細(xì) <br>
&#183; 鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鐨勬坊鍔犮�佸垹闄や笌淇敼銆?<br>
&#183; 鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)鐨勭鐞嗐�?<br>
&#183; 鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑綆＄悊銆?</p>
<p><br>
涓�銆丩inux緋葷粺鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鐨勭鐞?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鐨勭鐞嗗伐浣滀富瑕佹秹鍙?qiáng)鍒扮敤鎴疯处鍙风殑娣诲姞銆佷慨鏀瑰拰鍒犻櫎銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�娣誨姞鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿灝辨槸鍦ㄧ郴緇熶腑鍒涘緩涓�涓柊璐﹀彿錛岀劧鍚庝負(fù)鏂拌處鍙峰垎閰嶇敤鎴峰彿銆佺敤鎴風(fēng)粍銆佷富鐩綍鍜岀櫥褰昐hell絳夎祫婧愩�傚垰娣誨姞鐨勮處鍙鋒槸琚攣瀹氱殑錛屾棤娉曚嬌鐢ㄣ�?</p>
<p>1銆佹坊鍔犳柊鐨勭敤鎴瘋處鍙蜂嬌鐢╱seradd鍛戒護(hù)錛屽叾璇硶濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
useradd 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?/p>
<p><br>
鍏朵腑鍚勯�夐」鍚箟濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-c comment 鎸囧畾涓�孌墊敞閲婃�ф弿榪般�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-d 鐩綍 鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛涓葷洰褰曪紝濡傛灉姝ょ洰褰曚笉瀛樺湪錛屽垯鍚屾椂浣跨敤-m閫夐」錛屽彲浠ュ垱寤轟富鐩綍銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-g 鐢ㄦ埛緇?鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛鎵�灞炵殑鐢ㄦ埛緇勩�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-G 鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝鐢ㄦ埛緇?鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛鎵�灞炵殑闄勫姞緇勩�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-s Shell鏂囦歡 鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭櫥褰昐hell銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-u 鐢ㄦ埛鍙?鎸囧畾鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭敤鎴峰彿錛屽鏋滃悓鏃舵湁-o閫夐」錛屽垯鍙互閲嶅浣跨敤鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬爣璇嗗彿銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鎸囧畾鏂拌處鍙風(fēng)殑鐧誨綍鍚嶃�?/p>
<p><br>
2銆佷緥瀛愯鏄?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚?錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# useradd &#8211;d /usr/sam -m sam</p>
<p><br>
姝ゅ懡浠ゅ垱寤轟簡(jiǎn)涓�涓敤鎴穝am錛?<br>
鍏朵腑-d鍜?m閫夐」鐢ㄦ潵涓虹櫥褰曞悕sam浜х敓涓�涓富鐩綍/usr/sam錛?usr涓洪粯璁ょ殑鐢ㄦ埛涓葷洰褰曟墍鍦ㄧ殑鐖剁洰褰曪級(jí)銆?/p>
<p><br>
渚?錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# useradd -s /bin/sh -g group &#8211;G adm,root gem</p>
<p><br>
姝ゅ懡浠ゆ柊寤轟簡(jiǎn)涓�涓敤鎴穏em錛岃鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭櫥褰昐hell鏄?bin/sh錛屽畠灞炰簬group鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝鍚屾椂鍙堝睘浜巃dm鍜宺oot鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝鍏朵腑group鐢ㄦ埛緇勬槸鍏朵富緇勩�?<br>
榪欓噷鍙兘鏂板緩緇勶細(xì)#groupadd group鍙?qiáng)groupadd adm銆� <br>
<br>
澧炲姞鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿灝辨槸鍦?etc/passwd鏂囦歡涓負(fù)鏂扮敤鎴峰鍔犱竴鏉¤褰曪紝鍚屾椂鏇存柊鍏朵粬緋葷粺鏂囦歡濡?etc/shadow, /etc/group絳夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�Linux鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)闆嗘垚鐨劸p葷粺綆＄悊宸ュ叿userconf錛屽畠鍙互鐢ㄦ潵瀵圭敤鎴瘋處鍙瘋繘琛岀粺涓�綆＄悊銆?/p>
<p><br>
3銆佸垹闄ゅ笎鍙?/p>
<p>銆�銆�濡傛灉涓�涓敤鎴風(fēng)殑璐﹀彿涓嶅啀浣跨敤錛屽彲浠ヤ粠緋葷粺涓垹闄ゃ�傚垹闄ょ敤鎴瘋處鍙峰氨鏄灝?etc/passwd絳夌郴緇熸枃浠朵腑鐨勮鐢ㄦ埛璁板綍鍒犻櫎錛屽繀瑕佹椂榪樺垹闄ょ敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓葷洰褰曘�傚垹闄や竴涓凡鏈夌殑鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿浣跨敤userdel鍛戒護(hù)錛屽叾鏍煎紡濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
userdel 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?/p>
<p><br>
甯哥敤鐨勯�夐」鏄?r錛屽畠鐨勪綔鐢ㄦ槸鎶婄敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓葷洰褰曚竴璧峰垹闄ゃ�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚嬪錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# userdel sam</p>
<p><br>
姝ゅ懡浠ゅ垹闄ょ敤鎴穝am鍦ㄧ郴緇熸枃浠朵腑錛堜富瑕佹槸/etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group絳夛級(jí)鐨勮褰曪紝鍚屾椂鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪富鐩綍銆?/p>
<p><br>
4銆佷慨鏀瑰笎鍙?/p>
<p>銆�銆�淇敼鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿灝辨槸鏍規(guī)嵁瀹為檯鎯呭喌鏇存敼鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬湁鍏沖睘鎬э紝濡傜敤鎴峰彿銆佷富鐩綍銆佺敤鎴風(fēng)粍銆佺櫥褰昐hell絳夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�淇敼宸叉湁鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪俊鎭嬌鐢╱sermod鍛戒護(hù)錛屽叾鏍煎紡濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
usermod 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?/p>
<p><br>
甯哥敤鐨勯�夐」鍖呮嫭-c, -d, -m, -g, -G, -s, -u浠ュ強(qiáng)-o絳夛紝榪欎簺閫夐」鐨勬剰涔変笌useradd鍛戒護(hù)涓殑閫夐」涓�鏍鳳紝鍙互涓虹敤鎴鋒寚瀹氭柊鐨勮祫婧愬�箋�傚彟澶栵紝鏈変簺緋葷粺鍙互浣跨敤濡備笅閫夐」錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
-l 鏂扮敤鎴峰悕</p>
<p><br>
榪欎釜閫夐」鎸囧畾涓�涓柊鐨勮處鍙鳳紝鍗沖皢鍘熸潵鐨勭敤鎴峰悕鏀逛負(fù)鏂扮殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚嬪錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# usermod -s /bin/ksh -d /home/z &#8211;g developer sam</p>
<p><br>
姝ゅ懡浠ゅ皢鐢ㄦ埛sam鐨勭櫥褰昐hell淇敼涓簁sh錛屼富鐩綍鏀逛負(fù)/home/z錛岀敤鎴風(fēng)粍鏀逛負(fù)developer銆?/p>
<p><br>
5銆佺敤鎴峰彛浠ょ殑綆＄悊</p>
<p>銆�銆�鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊鐨勪竴欏歸噸瑕佸唴瀹規(guī)槸鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)鐨勭鐞嗐�傜敤鎴瘋處鍙峰垰鍒涘緩鏃舵病鏈夊彛浠わ紝浣嗘槸琚郴緇熼攣瀹氾紝鏃犳硶浣跨敤錛屽繀欏諱負(fù)鍏舵寚瀹氬彛浠ゅ悗鎵嶅彲浠ヤ嬌鐢紝鍗充嬌鏄寚瀹氱┖鍙ｄ護(hù)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鎸囧畾鍜屼慨鏀圭敤鎴峰彛浠ょ殑Shell鍛戒護(hù)鏄痯asswd銆傝秴綰х敤鎴峰彲浠ヤ負(fù)鑷繁鍜屽叾浠栫敤鎴鋒寚瀹氬彛浠わ紝鏅�氱敤鎴峰彧鑳界敤瀹冧慨鏀硅嚜宸辯殑鍙ｄ護(hù)銆傚懡浠ょ殑鏍煎紡涓猴細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
passwd 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛鍚?/p>
<p><br>
鍙嬌鐢ㄧ殑閫夐」錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-l 閿佸畾鍙ｄ護(hù)錛屽嵆紱佺敤璐﹀彿銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-u 鍙ｄ護(hù)瑙ｉ攣銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-d 浣胯處鍙鋒棤鍙ｄ護(hù)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-f 寮鴻揩鐢ㄦ埛涓嬫鐧誨綍鏃朵慨鏀瑰彛浠ゃ�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�濡傛灉榛樿鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶏紝鍒欎慨鏀瑰綋鍓嶇敤鎴風(fēng)殑鍙ｄ護(hù)銆?/p>
<p><br>
渚嬪錛屽亣璁懼綋鍓嶇敤鎴鋒槸sam錛屽垯涓嬮潰鐨勫懡浠や慨鏀硅鐢ㄦ埛鑷繁鐨勫彛浠わ細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�$ passwd</p>
<p>銆�銆�Old password:******</p>
<p>銆�銆�New password:*******</p>
<p>銆�銆�Re-enter new password:*******</p>
<p><br>
濡傛灉鏄秴綰х敤鎴鳳紝鍙互鐢ㄤ笅鍒楀艦寮忔寚瀹氫換浣曠敤鎴風(fēng)殑鍙ｄ護(hù)錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�# passwd sam</p>
<p>銆�銆�New password:*******</p>
<p>銆�銆�Re-enter new password:*******</p>
<p><br>
鏅�氱敤鎴蜂慨鏀硅嚜宸辯殑鍙ｄ護(hù)鏃訛紝passwd鍛戒護(hù)浼?xì)鍏堣闂師鍙ｄ护锛岄獙璇佸悗鍐嶈姹傜敤鎴疯緭鍏ヤ袱閬嶆柊鍙ｄ护锛屽鏋滀袱娆¤緭鍏ョ殑鍙ｄ护涓�鑷達(dá)紝鍒欏皢榪欎釜鍙ｄ護(hù)鎸囧畾緇欑敤鎴鳳紱鑰岃秴綰х敤鎴蜂負(fù)鐢ㄦ埛鎸囧畾鍙ｄ護(hù)鏃訛紝灝變笉闇�瑕佺煡閬撳師鍙ｄ護(hù)銆?</p>
<p>銆�銆�涓轟簡(jiǎn)緋葷粺瀹夊叏璧瘋錛岀敤鎴峰簲璇ラ�夋嫨姣旇緝澶嶆潅鐨勫彛浠わ紝渚嬪鏈�濂戒嬌鐢?浣嶉暱鐨勫彛浠わ紝鍙ｄ護(hù)涓寘鍚湁澶у啓銆佸皬鍐欏瓧姣嶅拰鏁板瓧錛屽茍涓斿簲璇ヤ笌濮撳悕銆佺敓鏃ョ瓑涓嶇浉鍚屻�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�涓虹敤鎴鋒寚瀹氱┖鍙ｄ護(hù)鏃訛紝鎵ц涓嬪垪褰㈠紡鐨勫懡浠わ細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# passwd -d sam</p>
<p><br>
姝ゅ懡浠ゅ皢鐢ㄦ埛sam鐨勫彛浠ゅ垹闄わ紝榪欐牱鐢ㄦ埛sam涓嬩竴嬈＄櫥褰曟椂錛岀郴緇熷氨涓嶅啀璇㈤棶鍙ｄ護(hù)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�passwd鍛戒護(hù)榪樺彲浠ョ敤-l(lock)閫夐」閿佸畾鏌愪竴鐢ㄦ埛錛屼嬌鍏朵笉鑳界櫥褰曪紝渚嬪錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# passwd -l sam</p>
<p> </p>
<p> wingger 鍥炲浜庯細(xì)2004-11-04 13:03:40</p>
<p>浜屻�丩inux緋葷粺鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑綆＄悊</p>
<p>銆�銆�姣忎釜鐢ㄦ埛閮芥湁涓�涓敤鎴風(fēng)粍錛岀郴緇熷彲浠ュ涓�涓敤鎴風(fēng)粍涓殑鎵�鏈夌敤鎴瘋繘琛岄泦涓鐞嗐�備笉鍚孡inux 緋葷粺瀵圭敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勮瀹氭湁鎵�涓嶅悓錛屽Linux涓嬬殑鐢ㄦ埛灞炰簬涓庡畠鍚屽悕鐨勭敤鎴風(fēng)粍錛岃繖涓敤鎴風(fēng)粍鍦ㄥ垱寤虹敤鎴鋒椂鍚屾椂鍒涘緩銆? <br>
鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑綆＄悊娑夊強(qiáng)鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑娣誨姞銆佸垹闄ゅ拰淇敼銆傜粍鐨勫鍔犮�佸垹闄ゅ拰淇敼瀹為檯涓婂氨鏄/etc/group鏂囦歡鐨勬洿鏂般�?/p>
<p>1銆佸鍔犱竴涓柊鐨勭敤鎴風(fēng)粍浣跨敤groupadd鍛戒護(hù)銆傚叾鏍煎紡濡備笅錛?<br>
<br>
groupadd 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛緇?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鍙互浣跨敤鐨勯�夐」鏈夛細(xì) <br>
-g GID 鎸囧畾鏂扮敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勭粍鏍囪瘑鍙鳳紙GID錛夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-o 涓�鑸笌-g閫夐」鍚屾椂浣跨敤錛岃〃紺烘柊鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑GID鍙互涓庣郴緇熷凡鏈夌敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨凣ID鐩稿悓銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚?錛?<br>
<br>
# groupadd group1</p>
<p>銆�銆�姝ゅ懡浠ゅ悜緋葷粺涓鍔犱簡(jiǎn)涓�涓柊緇刧roup1錛屾柊緇勭殑緇勬爣璇嗗彿鏄湪褰撳墠宸叉湁鐨勬渶澶х粍鏍囪瘑鍙風(fēng)殑鍩虹涓婂姞1銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚?錛?<br>
<br>
#groupadd -g 101 group2</p>
<p>銆�銆�姝ゅ懡浠ゅ悜緋葷粺涓鍔犱簡(jiǎn)涓�涓柊緇刧roup2錛屽悓鏃舵寚瀹氭柊緇勭殑緇勬爣璇嗗彿鏄?01銆?/p>
<p>2銆佸鏋滆鍒犻櫎涓�涓凡鏈夌殑鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝浣跨敤groupdel鍛戒護(hù)錛屽叾鏍煎紡濡備笅錛?<br>
<br>
groupdel 鐢ㄦ埛緇?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚嬪錛?<br>
<br>
#groupdel group1</p>
<p>銆�銆�姝ゅ懡浠や粠緋葷粺涓垹闄ょ粍group1銆?/p>
<p>3銆佷慨鏀圭敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勫睘鎬т嬌鐢╣roupmod鍛戒護(hù)銆傚叾璇硶濡備笅錛?<br>
<br>
groupmod 閫夐」 鐢ㄦ埛緇?/p>
<p>銆�銆�甯哥敤鐨勯�夐」鏈夛細(xì) <br>
-g GID 涓虹敤鎴風(fēng)粍鎸囧畾鏂扮殑緇勬爣璇嗗彿銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-o 涓?g閫夐」鍚屾椂浣跨敤錛岀敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勬柊GID鍙互涓庣郴緇熷凡鏈夌敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨凣ID鐩稿悓銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-n鏂扮敤鎴風(fēng)粍 灝嗙敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勫悕瀛楁敼涓烘柊鍚嶅瓧</p>
<p><br>
渚?錛?<br>
<br>
# groupmod -g 102 group2</p>
<p>銆�銆�姝ゅ懡浠ゅ皢緇刧roup2鐨勭粍鏍囪瘑鍙蜂慨鏀逛負(fù)102銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�渚?錛?<br>
<br>
# groupmod &#8211;g 10000 -n group3 group2</p>
<p>銆�銆�姝ゅ懡浠ゅ皢緇刧roup2鐨勬爣璇嗗彿鏀逛負(fù)10000錛岀粍鍚嶄慨鏀逛負(fù)group3銆?/p>
<p>4銆佸鏋滀竴涓敤鎴峰悓鏃跺睘浜庡涓敤鎴風(fēng)粍錛岄偅涔堢敤鎴峰彲浠ュ湪鐢ㄦ埛緇勪箣闂村垏鎹紝浠ヤ究鍏鋒湁鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑鏉冮檺銆傜敤鎴峰彲浠ュ湪鐧誨綍鍚庯紝浣跨敤鍛戒護(hù)newgrp鍒囨崲鍒板叾浠栫敤鎴風(fēng)粍錛岃繖涓懡浠ょ殑鍙傛暟灝辨槸鐩殑鐢ㄦ埛緇勩�備緥濡傦細(xì) <br>
<br>
$ newgrp root</p>
<p>銆�銆�榪欐潯鍛戒護(hù)灝嗗綋鍓嶇敤鎴峰垏鎹㈠埌root鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紝鍓嶆彁鏉′歡鏄痳oot鐢ㄦ埛緇勭‘瀹炴槸璇ョ敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓葷粍鎴栭檮鍔犵粍銆傜被浼間簬鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鐨勭鐞嗭紝鐢ㄦ埛緇勭殑綆＄悊涔熷彲浠ラ�氳繃闆嗘垚鐨勭郴緇熺鐞嗗伐鍏鋒潵瀹屾垚銆?/p>
<p> wingger 鍥炲浜庯細(xì)2004-11-04 13:21:16</p>
<p>涓夈�佷笌鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿鏈夊叧鐨勭郴緇熸枃浠?/p>
<p>銆�銆�瀹屾垚鐢ㄦ埛綆＄悊鐨勫伐浣滄湁璁稿縐嶆柟娉曪紝浣嗘槸姣忎竴縐嶆柟娉曞疄闄呬笂閮芥槸瀵規(guī)湁鍏崇殑緋葷粺鏂囦歡榪涜淇敼銆備笌鐢ㄦ埛鍜岀敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐩稿叧鐨勪俊鎭兘瀛樻斁鍦ㄤ竴浜涚郴緇熸枃浠朵腑錛岃繖浜涙枃浠跺寘鎷?etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group絳夈�備笅闈㈠垎鍒粙緇嶈繖浜涙枃浠剁殑鍐呭銆?<br>
<br>
1銆?etc/passwd鏂囦歡鏄敤鎴風(fēng)鐞嗗伐浣滄秹鍙?qiáng)鐨勬渶閲嶈鐨勪竴涓枃浠躲�侺inux緋葷粺涓殑姣忎釜鐢ㄦ埛閮藉湪/etc/passwd鏂囦歡涓湁涓�涓搴旂殑璁板綍琛岋紝瀹冭褰曚簡(jiǎn)榪欎釜鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪竴浜涘熀鏈睘鎬с�傝繖涓枃浠跺鎵�鏈夌敤鎴烽兘鏄彲璇葷殑銆傚畠鐨勫唴瀹圭被浼間笅闈㈢殑渚嬪瓙錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�錛?cat /etc/passwd</p>
<p> </p>
<p>銆�銆�root:x:0:0:Superuser:/:</p>
<p>銆�銆�daemon:x:1:1:System daemons:/etc:</p>
<p>銆�銆�bin:x:2:2:Owner of system commands:/bin:</p>
<p>銆�銆�sys:x:3:3:Owner of system files:/usr/sys:</p>
<p>銆�銆�adm:x:4:4:System accounting:/usr/adm:</p>
<p>銆�銆�uucp:x:5:5:UUCP administrator:/usr/lib/uucp:</p>
<p>銆�銆�auth:x:7:21:Authentication administrator:/tcb/files/auth:</p>
<p>銆�銆�cron:x:9:16:Cron daemon:/usr/spool/cron:</p>
<p>銆�銆�listen:x:37:4:Network daemon:/usr/net/nls:</p>
<p>銆�銆�lp:x:71:18:Printer administrator:/usr/spool/lp:</p>
<p>銆�銆�sam:x:200:50:Sam san:/usr/sam:/bin/sh</p>
<p><br>
浠庝笂闈㈢殑渚嬪瓙鎴戜滑鍙互鐪嬪埌錛?etc/passwd涓竴琛岃褰曞搴旂潃涓�涓敤鎴鳳紝姣忚璁板綍鍙堣鍐掑彿(:)鍒嗛殧涓?涓瓧孌碉紝鍏舵牸寮忓拰鍏蜂綋鍚箟濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
鐢ㄦ埛鍚?鍙ｄ護(hù):鐢ㄦ埛鏍囪瘑鍙?緇勬爣璇嗗彿:娉ㄩ噴鎬ф弿榪?涓葷洰褰?鐧誨綍Shell</p>
<p><br>
1錛?#8220;鐢ㄦ埛鍚?#8221;鏄唬琛ㄧ敤鎴瘋處鍙風(fēng)殑瀛楃涓層�傞�氬父闀垮害涓嶈秴榪?涓瓧絎︼紝騫朵笖鐢卞ぇ灝忓啓瀛楁瘝鍜?鎴栨暟瀛楃粍鎴愩�傜櫥褰曞悕涓笉鑳芥湁鍐掑彿(:)錛屽洜涓哄啋鍙峰湪榪欓噷鏄垎闅旂銆備負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鍏煎钃v瑙侊紝鐧誨綍鍚嶄腑鏈�濂戒笉瑕佸寘鍚偣瀛楃(.)錛屽茍涓斾笉浣跨敤榪炲瓧絎?-)鍜屽姞鍙?+)鎵撳ご銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�2錛?#8220;鍙ｄ護(hù)&#8221;涓�浜涚郴緇熶腑錛屽瓨鏀劇潃鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)瀛椼�傘�傝櫧鐒惰繖涓瓧孌靛瓨鏀劇殑鍙槸鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)鐨勫姞瀵嗕覆錛屼笉鏄槑鏂囷紝浣嗘槸鐢變簬/etc/passwd鏂?
浠跺鎵�鏈夌敤鎴烽兘鍙錛屾墍浠ヨ繖浠嶆槸涓�涓畨鍏ㄩ殣鎮(zhèn)ｃ�傚洜姝わ紝鐜板湪璁稿Linux
緋葷粺錛堝SVR4錛夐兘浣跨敤浜?jiǎn)shadow鎶�鏈紝鎶婄湡姝ｇ殑鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)瀛楀瓨鏀懼埌/etc/shadow鏂囦歡涓紝鑰屽湪/etc/passwd鏂囦歡鐨勫彛浠ゅ瓧
孌典腑鍙瓨鏀句竴涓壒孌婄殑瀛楃錛屼緥濡?#8220;x&#8221;鎴栬�?#8220;*&#8221;銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�3錛?#8220;鐢ㄦ埛鏍囪瘑鍙?#8221;鏄竴涓暣鏁幫紝緋葷粺鍐呴儴鐢ㄥ畠鏉ユ爣璇嗙敤鎴楓�備竴鑸儏鍐典笅瀹冧笌鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶆槸涓�涓�瀵瑰簲鐨勩�傚鏋滃嚑涓敤鎴峰悕瀵瑰簲鐨勭敤鎴鋒爣璇嗗彿鏄竴鏍風(fēng)殑錛岀郴緇熷唴閮ㄥ皢鎶婂畠浠涓哄悓涓�涓敤鎴鳳紝浣嗘槸瀹冧滑鍙互鏈変笉鍚岀殑鍙ｄ護(hù)銆佷笉鍚岀殑涓葷洰褰曚互鍙?qiáng)涓嶅悓鐨勭櫿d綍Shell絳夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�閫氬父鐢ㄦ埛鏍囪瘑鍙風(fēng)殑鍙栧�艱寖鍥存槸0锝?5 535銆?鏄秴綰х敤鎴穜oot鐨勬爣璇嗗彿錛?锝?9鐢辯郴緇熶繚鐣欙紝浣滀負(fù)綆＄悊璐﹀彿錛屾櫘閫氱敤鎴風(fēng)殑鏍囪瘑鍙蜂粠100寮�濮嬨�傚湪Linux緋葷粺涓紝榪欎釜鐣岄檺鏄?00銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�4錛?#8220;緇勬爣璇嗗彿&#8221;瀛楁璁板綍鐨勬槸鐢ㄦ埛鎵�灞炵殑鐢ㄦ埛緇勩�傚畠瀵瑰簲鐫�/etc/group鏂囦歡涓殑涓�鏉¤褰曘�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�5)&#8220;娉ㄩ噴鎬ф弿榪?#8221;瀛楁璁板綍鐫�鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪竴浜涗釜浜烘儏鍐碉紝渚嬪鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭湡瀹炲鍚嶃�佺數(shù)璇濄�佸湴鍧�絳夛紝榪欎釜瀛楁騫舵病鏈変粈涔堝疄闄呯殑鐢ㄩ�斻�傚湪涓嶅悓鐨凩inux
緋葷粺涓紝榪欎釜瀛楁鐨勬牸寮忓茍娌℃湁緇熶竴銆傚湪璁稿Linux緋葷粺涓紝榪欎釜瀛楁瀛樻斁鐨勬槸涓�孌典換鎰忕殑娉ㄩ噴鎬ф弿榪版枃瀛楋紝鐢ㄥ仛finger鍛戒護(hù)鐨勮緭鍑恒�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�6)&#8220;涓葷洰褰?#8221;錛屼篃灝辨槸鐢ㄦ埛鐨勮搗濮嬪伐浣滅洰褰曪紝瀹冩槸鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄧ櫥褰曞埌緋葷粺涔嬪悗鎵�澶勭殑鐩綍銆傚湪澶у鏁扮郴緇熶腑錛屽悇鐢ㄦ埛鐨勪富鐩綍閮借緇勭粐鍦ㄥ悓涓�涓壒瀹氱殑鐩綍
涓嬶紝鑰岀敤鎴蜂富鐩綍鐨勫悕縐板氨鏄鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭櫥褰曞悕銆傚悇鐢ㄦ埛瀵硅嚜宸辯殑涓葷洰褰曟湁璇匯�佸啓銆佹墽琛岋紙鎼滅儲(chǔ)錛夋潈闄愶紝鍏朵粬鐢ㄦ埛瀵規(guī)鐩綍鐨勮闂潈闄愬垯鏍規(guī)嵁鍏蜂綋鎯呭喌璁劇疆銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�7)鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鍚庯紝瑕佸惎鍔ㄤ竴涓繘紼嬶紝璐熻矗灝嗙敤鎴風(fēng)殑鎿嶄綔浼犵粰鍐呮牳錛岃繖涓繘紼嬫槸鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍鍒扮郴緇熷悗榪愯鐨勫懡浠よВ閲婂櫒鎴栨煇涓壒瀹氱殑紼嬪簭錛屽嵆Shell銆?
Shell鏄敤鎴蜂笌Linux緋葷粺涔嬮棿鐨勬帴鍙ｃ�侺inux鐨凷hell鏈夎澶氱錛屾瘡縐嶉兘鏈変笉鍚岀殑鐗圭偣銆傚父鐢ㄧ殑鏈塻h(Bourne Shell),
csh(C Shell), ksh(Korn Shell), tcsh(TENEX/TOPS-20 type C Shell),
bash(Bourne Again
Shell)絳夈�傜郴緇熺鐞嗗憳鍙互鏍規(guī)嵁緋葷粺鎯呭喌鍜岀敤鎴蜂範(fàn)鎯負(fù)鐢ㄦ埛鎸囧畾鏌愪釜Shell銆傚鏋滀笉鎸囧畾Shell錛岄偅涔堢郴緇熶嬌鐢╯h涓洪粯璁ょ殑鐧誨綍Shell錛屽嵆榪?
涓瓧孌電殑鍊間負(fù)/bin/sh銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鐢ㄦ埛鐨勭櫥褰昐hell涔熷彲浠ユ寚瀹氫負(fù)鏌愪釜鐗瑰畾鐨勭▼搴忥紙姝ょ▼搴忎笉鏄竴涓懡浠よВ閲婂櫒錛夈�傚埄鐢ㄨ繖涓�鐗圭偣錛屾垜浠彲浠ラ檺鍒剁敤鎴峰彧鑳借繍琛屾寚瀹氱殑搴旂敤紼嬪簭錛屽湪璇ュ簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忚繍琛岀粨鏉熷悗錛岀敤鎴峰氨鑷姩閫�鍑轟簡(jiǎn)緋葷粺銆傛湁浜汱inux 緋葷粺瑕佹眰鍙湁閭ｄ簺鍦ㄧ郴緇熶腑鐧昏浜?jiǎn)鐨劷E嬪簭鎵嶈兘鍑虹幇鍦ㄨ繖涓瓧孌典腑銆?/p>
<p><br>
8)緋葷粺涓湁涓�綾葷敤鎴風(fēng)О涓轟吉鐢ㄦ埛錛坧suedo users錛夛紝榪欎簺鐢ㄦ埛鍦?etc/passwd鏂囦歡涓篃鍗犳湁涓�鏉¤褰曪紝浣嗘槸涓嶈兘鐧誨綍錛屽洜涓哄畠浠殑鐧誨綍Shell涓虹┖銆傚畠浠殑瀛樺湪涓昏鏄柟渚跨郴緇熺鐞嗭紝婊¤凍鐩稿簲鐨勭郴緇熻繘紼嬪鏂囦歡灞炰富鐨勮姹傘�傚父瑙佺殑浼敤鎴峰涓嬫墍紺恒�?/p>
<p>浼? 鐢? 鎴?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  鍚?nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  涔?/p>
<p> bin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  鎷ユ湁鍙墽琛岀殑鐢ㄦ埛鍛戒護(hù)鏂囦歡</p>
<p> sys&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  鎷ユ湁緋葷粺鏂囦歡</p>
<p> adm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  鎷ユ湁甯愭埛鏂囦歡</p>
<p> uucp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  UUCP浣跨敤</p>
<p> lp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  lp鎴杔pd瀛愮郴緇熶嬌鐢?/p>
<p> nobody&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  NFS浣跨敤</p>
<p> 鎷ユ湁甯愭埛鏂囦歡 <br>
<br>
闄や簡(jiǎn)涓婇潰鍒楀嚭鐨勪吉鐢ㄦ埛澶栵紝榪樻湁璁稿鏍囧噯鐨勪吉鐢ㄦ埛錛屼緥濡傦細(xì)audit, cron, mail, usenet絳夛紝瀹冧滑涔熼兘鍚勮嚜涓虹浉鍏崇殑榪涚▼鍜屾枃浠舵墍闇�瑕併�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鐢變簬/etc/passwd鏂囦歡鏄墍鏈夌敤鎴烽兘鍙鐨勶紝濡傛灉鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫瘑鐮佸お綆�鍗曟垨瑙勫緥姣旇緝鏄庢樉鐨勮瘽錛屼竴鍙版櫘閫氱殑璁＄畻鏈哄氨鑳藉寰堝鏄撳湴灝嗗畠鐮磋В錛屽洜姝?
瀵瑰畨鍏ㄦ�ц姹傝緝楂樼殑Linux緋葷粺閮芥妸鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑鍙ｄ護(hù)瀛楀垎紱誨嚭鏉ワ紝鍗曠嫭瀛樻斁鍦ㄤ竴涓枃浠朵腑錛岃繖涓枃浠舵槸/etc/shadow鏂囦歡銆傚彧鏈夎秴綰х敤鎴鋒墠鎷ユ湁璇ユ枃浠?
璇繪潈闄愶紝榪欏氨淇濊瘉浜?jiǎn)鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜鐨勫畨鍏ㄦ�с�?/p>
<p><br>
2銆?etc/shadow涓殑璁板綍琛屼笌/etc/passwd涓殑涓�涓�瀵瑰簲錛屽畠鐢眕wconv鍛戒護(hù)鏍規(guī)嵁/etc/passwd涓殑鏁版嵁鑷姩浜х敓銆傚畠鐨勬枃浠舵牸寮忎笌/etc/passwd綾諱技錛岀敱鑻ュ共涓瓧孌電粍鎴愶紝瀛楁涔嬮棿鐢?#8220;:&#8221;闅斿紑銆傝繖浜涘瓧孌墊槸錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
鐧誨綍鍚?鍔犲瘑鍙ｄ護(hù):鏈�鍚庝竴嬈′慨鏀規(guī)椂闂?鏈�灝忔椂闂撮棿闅?鏈�澶ф椂闂撮棿闅?璀﹀憡鏃墮棿:涓嶆椿鍔ㄦ椂闂?澶辨晥鏃墮棿:鏍囧織</p>
<p><br>
1錛?#8220;鐧誨綍鍚?#8221;鏄笌/etc/passwd鏂囦歡涓殑鐧誨綍鍚嶇浉涓�鑷寸殑鐢ㄦ埛璐﹀彿 <br>
2錛?#8220;鍙ｄ護(hù)&#8221;瀛楁瀛樻斁鐨勬槸鍔犲瘑鍚庣殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)瀛楋紝闀垮害涓?3涓瓧絎︺�傚鏋滀負(fù)絀猴紝鍒欏搴旂敤鎴鋒病鏈夊彛浠わ紝鐧誨綍鏃朵笉闇�瑕佸彛浠わ紱濡傛灉鍚湁涓嶅睘浜庨泦鍚?{ ./0-9A-Za-z }涓殑瀛楃錛屽垯瀵瑰簲鐨勭敤鎴蜂笉鑳界櫥褰曘�?<br>
3錛?#8220;鏈�鍚庝竴嬈′慨鏀規(guī)椂闂?#8221;琛ㄧず鐨勬槸浠庢煇涓椂鍒昏搗錛屽埌鐢ㄦ埛鏈�鍚庝竴嬈′慨鏀瑰彛浠ゆ椂鐨勫ぉ鏁般�傛椂闂磋搗鐐瑰涓嶅悓鐨勭郴緇熷彲鑳戒笉涓�鏍楓�備緥濡傚湪SCO Linux 涓紝榪欎釜鏃墮棿璧風(fēng)偣鏄?970騫?鏈?鏃ャ�?<br>
4錛?#8220;鏈�灝忔椂闂撮棿闅?#8221;鎸囩殑鏄袱嬈′慨鏀瑰彛浠や箣闂存墍闇�鐨勬渶灝忓ぉ鏁般�?<br>
5錛?#8220;鏈�澶ф椂闂撮棿闅?#8221;鎸囩殑鏄彛浠や繚鎸佹湁鏁堢殑鏈�澶уぉ鏁般�?<br>
6錛?#8220;璀﹀憡鏃墮棿&#8221;瀛楁琛ㄧず鐨勬槸浠庣郴緇熷紑濮嬭鍛婄敤鎴峰埌鐢ㄦ埛瀵嗙爜姝ｅ紡澶辨晥涔嬮棿鐨勫ぉ鏁般�?<br>
7錛?#8220;涓嶆椿鍔ㄦ椂闂?#8221;琛ㄧず鐨勬槸鐢ㄦ埛娌℃湁鐧誨綍媧誨姩浣嗚處鍙蜂粛鑳戒繚鎸佹湁鏁堢殑鏈�澶уぉ鏁般�?<br>
8錛?#8220;澶辨晥鏃墮棿&#8221;瀛楁緇欏嚭鐨勬槸涓�涓粷瀵圭殑澶╂暟錛屽鏋滀嬌鐢ㄤ簡(jiǎn)榪欎釜瀛楁錛岄偅涔堝氨緇欏嚭鐩稿簲璐﹀彿鐨勭敓瀛樻湡銆傛湡婊″悗錛岃璐﹀彿灝變笉鍐嶆槸涓�涓悎娉曠殑璐﹀彿錛屼篃灝變笉鑳藉啀鐢ㄦ潵鐧誨綍浜?jiǎn)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�涓嬮潰鏄?etc/shadow鐨勪竴涓緥瀛愶細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
錛?cat /etc/shadow</p>
<p> </p>
<p>銆�銆�root:Dnakfw28zf38w:8764:0:168:7:::</p>
<p>銆�銆�daemon:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�bin:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�sys:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�adm:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�uucp:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�nuucp:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�auth:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�cron:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�listen:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�lp:*::0:0::::</p>
<p>銆�銆�sam:EkdiSECLWPdSa:9740:0:0::::</p>
<p> </p>
<p>3銆佺敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勬墍鏈変俊鎭兘瀛樻斁鍦?etc/group鏂囦歡涓�?/p>
<p>灝嗙敤鎴峰垎緇勬槸Linux
緋葷粺涓鐢ㄦ埛榪涜綆＄悊鍙?qiáng)鎺у埗璁块棶鏉冮檺鐨勪竴縐嶆墜孌點(diǎn)�傛瘡涓敤鎴烽兘灞炰簬鏌愪釜鐢ㄦ埛緇勶紱涓�涓粍涓彲浠ユ湁澶氫釜鐢ㄦ埛錛屼竴涓敤鎴蜂篃鍙互灞炰簬涓嶅悓鐨勭粍銆傚綋涓�涓敤鎴峰悓鏃舵槸澶氫釜
緇勪腑鐨勬垚鍛樻椂錛屽湪/etc/passwd鏂囦歡涓褰曠殑鏄敤鎴鋒墍灞炵殑涓葷粍錛屼篃灝辨槸鐧誨綍鏃舵墍灞炵殑榛樿緇勶紝鑰屽叾浠栫粍縐頒負(fù)闄勫姞緇勩�傜敤鎴瘋璁塊棶灞炰簬闄勫姞緇勭殑鏂囦歡鏃訛紝
蹇呴』棣栧厛浣跨敤newgrp鍛戒護(hù)浣胯嚜宸辨垚涓烘墍瑕佽闂殑緇勪腑鐨勬垚鍛樸�傜敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勬墍鏈変俊鎭兘瀛樻斁鍦?etc/group鏂囦歡涓�傛鏂囦歡鐨勬牸寮忎篃綾諱技浜?etc
/passwd鏂囦歡錛岀敱鍐掑彿(:)闅斿紑鑻ュ共涓瓧孌碉紝榪欎簺瀛楁鏈夛細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
緇勫悕:鍙ｄ護(hù):緇勬爣璇嗗彿:緇勫唴鐢ㄦ埛鍒楄〃</p>
<p><br>
1錛?#8220;緇勫悕&#8221;鏄敤鎴風(fēng)粍鐨勫悕縐幫紝鐢卞瓧姣嶆垨鏁板瓧鏋勬垚銆備笌/etc/passwd涓殑鐧誨綍鍚嶄竴鏍鳳紝緇勫悕涓嶅簲閲嶅銆?<br>
2錛?#8220;鍙ｄ護(hù)&#8221;瀛楁瀛樻斁鐨勬槸鐢ㄦ埛緇勫姞瀵嗗悗鐨勫彛浠ゅ瓧銆備竴鑸琇inux 緋葷粺鐨勭敤鎴風(fēng)粍閮芥病鏈夊彛浠わ紝鍗寵繖涓瓧孌典竴鑸負(fù)絀猴紝鎴栬�呮槸*銆?<br>
3錛?#8220;緇勬爣璇嗗彿&#8221;涓庣敤鎴鋒爣璇嗗彿綾諱技錛屼篃鏄竴涓暣鏁幫紝琚郴緇熷唴閮ㄧ敤鏉ユ爣璇嗙粍銆?<br>
4錛?#8220;緇勫唴鐢ㄦ埛鍒楄〃&#8221;鏄睘浜庤繖涓粍鐨勬墍鏈夌敤鎴風(fēng)殑鍒楄〃/b]錛屼笉鍚岀敤鎴蜂箣闂寸敤閫楀彿(,)鍒嗛殧銆傝繖涓敤鎴風(fēng)粍鍙兘鏄敤鎴風(fēng)殑涓葷粍錛屼篃鍙兘鏄檮鍔犵粍銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�/etc/group鏂囦歡鐨勪竴涓緥瀛愬涓嬶細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�# cat /etc/group</p>
<p>銆�銆�root::0:root</p>
<p>銆�銆�bin::2:root,bin</p>
<p>銆�銆�sys::3:root,uucp</p>
<p>銆�銆�adm::4:root,adm</p>
<p>銆�銆�daemon::5:root,daemon</p>
<p>銆�銆�lp::7:root,lp</p>
<p>銆�銆�users::20:root,sam</p>
<p><br>
wingger 鍥炲浜庯細(xì)2004-11-04 13:31:28</p>
<p>鍥涖�佹坊鍔犻噺鐢ㄦ埛鎵?/p>
<p>銆�銆�娣誨姞鍜屽垹闄ょ敤鎴峰姣忎綅Linux緋葷粺綆＄悊鍛橀兘鏄交鑰屾槗涓劇殑浜嬶紝姣旇緝媯樻墜鐨勬槸濡傛灉瑕佹坊鍔犲嚑鍗佷釜銆佷笂鐧句釜鐢氳嚦涓婂崈涓敤鎴鋒椂錛屾垜浠笉澶彲鑳借繕浣跨敤
useradd涓�涓竴涓湴娣誨姞錛屽繀鐒惰鎵句竴縐嶇畝渚跨殑鍒涘緩澶ч噺鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬柟娉曘�侺inux緋葷粺鎻愪緵浜?jiǎn)鍒涘缓澶ч噺鐢ㄦ堬L(fēng)殑宸ュ叿錛屽彲浠ヨ鎮(zhèn)ㄧ珛鍗沖垱寤哄ぇ閲忕敤鎴鳳紝鏂規(guī)硶濡備笅錛?
<br>
<br>
錛?錛夊厛緙栬緫涓�涓枃鏈敤鎴鋒枃浠訛紝姣忎竴鍒楁寜鐓?etc/passwd瀵嗙爜鏂囦歡鐨勬牸寮忎功鍐欙紝瑕佹敞鎰忔瘡涓敤鎴風(fēng)殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃�乁ID銆佸涓葷洰褰曢兘涓嶅彲浠ョ浉鍚岋紝鍏朵腑瀵嗙爜鏍忓彲浠ョ暀鍋氱┖鐧芥垨杈撳叆x鍙楓�備竴涓寖渚嬫枃浠秛ser.txt鍐呭濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�user001::600:100:user:/home/user001:/bin/bash</p>
<p>銆�銆�user002::601:100:user:/home/user002:/bin/bash</p>
<p>銆�銆�user003::602:100:user:/home/user003:/bin/bash</p>
<p>銆�銆�user004::603:100:user:/home/user004:/bin/bash</p>
<p>銆�銆�user005::604:100:user:/home/user005:/bin/bash</p>
<p>銆�銆�user006::605:100:user:/home/user006:/bin/bash</p>
<p><br>
錛?錛変互root韜喚鎵ц鍛戒護(hù)/usr/sbin/newusers錛屼粠鍒氬垱寤虹殑鐢ㄦ埛鏂囦歡user.txt涓鍏ユ暟鎹紝鍒涘緩鐢ㄦ埛錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# newusers &lt; user.txt</p>
<p><br>
鐒跺悗鍙互鎵ц鍛戒護(hù)vipw鎴杤i /etc/passwd媯�(gè)鏌?etc/passwd鏂囦歡鏄惁宸茬粡鍑虹幇榪欎簺鐢ㄦ埛鐨勬暟鎹紝騫朵笖鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫涓葷洰褰曟槸鍚﹀凡緇忓垱寤恒�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�錛?錛夋墽琛屽懡浠?usr/sbin/pwunconv錛屽皢/etc/shadow浜х敓鐨剆hadow瀵嗙爜瑙ｇ爜錛岀劧鍚庡洖鍐欏埌/etc
/passwd涓紝騫跺皢/etc/shadow鐨剆hadow瀵嗙爜鏍忓垹鎺夈�傝繖鏄負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鏂逛究涓嬩竴姝ョ殑瀵嗙爜杞崲宸ヤ綔錛屽嵆鍏堝彇娑坰hadow
password鍔熻兘銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# pwunconv</p>
<p><br>
錛?錛夌紪杈戞瘡涓敤鎴風(fēng)殑瀵嗙爜瀵圭収鏂囦歡錛岃寖渚嬫枃浠秔asswd.txt鍐呭濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�user001:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p>銆�銆�user002:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p>銆�銆�user003:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p>銆�銆�user004:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p>銆�銆�user005:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p>銆�銆�user006:瀵嗙爜</p>
<p><br>
錛?錛変互root韜喚鎵ц鍛戒護(hù)/usr/sbin/chpasswd錛屽垱寤虹敤鎴峰瘑鐮侊紝chpasswd浼?xì)灏喚l忚繃/usr/bin/passwd鍛戒護(hù)緙栫爜榪囩殑瀵嗙爜鍐欏叆/etc/passwd鐨勫瘑鐮佹爮銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# chpasswd &lt; passwd.txt</p>
<p><br>
錛?錛夌‘瀹氬瘑鐮佺粡緙栫爜鍐欏叆/etc/passwd鐨勫瘑鐮佹爮鍚庯紝鎵ц鍛戒護(hù)/usr/sbin/pwconv灝嗗瘑鐮佺紪鐮佷負(fù)shadow password錛屽茍灝嗙粨鏋滃啓鍏?etc/shadow銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# pwconv</p>
<p><br>
榪欐牱灝卞畬鎴愪簡(jiǎn)澶ч噺鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫垱寤轟簡(jiǎn)錛屼箣鍚庢?zhèn)ㄥ彲浠ュ?home涓嬫鏌ヨ繖浜涚敤鎴峰涓葷洰褰曠殑鏉冮檺璁劇疆鏄惁閮芥紜紝騫剁櫥褰曢獙璇佺敤鎴峰瘑鐮佹槸鍚︽紜�?/p>
<p> wingger 鍥炲浜庯細(xì)2004-11-04 13:39:12</p>
<p>浜斻�佽祴浜堟櫘閫氱敤鎴風(fēng)壒孌婃潈闄?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鍦↙inux緋葷粺涓紝綆＄悊鍛樺線寰�涓嶆涓�浜猴紝鑻ユ瘡浣嶇鐞嗗憳閮界敤root韜喚榪涜綆＄悊宸ヤ綔錛屾牴鏈棤娉曞紕娓呮璋佽鍋氫粈涔堛�傛墍浠ユ渶濂界殑鏂瑰紡鏄細(xì)綆＄悊鍛樺垱寤轟竴浜涙櫘閫氱敤鎴鳳紝鍒嗛厤涓�閮ㄥ垎緋葷粺綆＄悊宸ヤ綔緇欎粬浠�?<br>
<br>
鎴戜滑涓嶅彲浠ヤ嬌鐢╯u璁╀粬浠洿鎺ュ彉鎴恟oot錛屽洜涓鴻繖浜涚敤鎴烽兘蹇呴』鐭ラ亾root鐨勫瘑鐮侊紝榪欑鏂規(guī)硶寰堜笉瀹夊叏錛岃�屼笖涔熶笉絎﹀悎鎴戜滑鐨勫垎宸ラ渶姹傘�備竴鑸殑鍋氭硶鏄埄
鐢ㄦ潈闄愮殑璁劇疆錛屼緷宸ヤ綔鎬ц川鍒嗙被錛岃鐗規(guī)畩韜喚鐨勭敤鎴鋒垚涓哄悓涓�涓伐浣滅粍錛屽茍璁劇疆宸ヤ綔緇勬潈闄愩�備緥濡傦細(xì)瑕亀wwadm榪欎綅鐢ㄦ埛璐熻矗綆＄悊緗戠珯鏁版嵁錛屼竴鑸珹pache
Web
Server鐨勮繘紼媓ttpd鐨勬墍鏈夎�呮槸www錛屾?zhèn)ㄥ彲浠ヨ畡〗敤鎴穡wwadm涓巜ww涓哄悓涓�宸ヤ綔緇勶紝騫惰緗瓵pache榛樿瀛樻斁緗戦〉鐩綍/usr
/local/httpd/htdocs鐨勫伐浣滅粍鏉冮檺涓哄彲璇匯�佸彲鍐欍�佸彲鎵ц錛岃繖鏍峰睘浜庢宸ヤ綔緇勭殑姣忎綅鐢ㄦ埛灝卞彲浠ヨ繘琛岀綉欏電殑綆＄悊浜?jiǎn)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�浣嗚繖騫朵笉鏄渶濂界殑瑙ｅ喅鍔炴硶錛屼緥濡傜鐞嗗憳鎯蟲巿浜堜竴涓櫘閫氱敤鎴峰叧鏈虹殑鏉冮檺錛岃繖鏃朵嬌鐢ㄤ笂榪扮殑鍔炴硶灝變笉鏄緢鐞嗘兂銆傝繖鏃舵?zhèn)ㄤ篃璁镐細(xì)鎯冲Q屾垜鍙榪欎釜鐢ㄦ埛鍙互浠?
root韜喚鎵цshutdown鍛戒護(hù)灝辮浜?jiǎn)銆傚畬鍏ㄦ病閿欙紝鍙儨鍦ㄩ�氬父鐨凩inux緋葷粺涓棤娉曞疄鐜拌繖涓�鍔熻兘錛屼笉榪囧凡緇忔湁浜?jiǎn)宸ュ叿鍙互瀹炵幇杩欐狅L(fēng)殑鍔熻兘鈥斺�?
sudo銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�sudo閫氳繃緇存姢涓�涓壒鏉冨埌鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶆槧灝勭殑鏁版嵁搴撳皢鐗規(guī)潈鍒嗛厤緇欎笉鍚岀殑鐢ㄦ埛錛岃繖浜涚壒鏉冨彲鐢辨暟鎹簱涓墍鍒楃殑涓�浜涗笉鍚岀殑鍛戒護(hù)鏉ヨ瘑鍒�備負(fù)浜?jiǎn)鑾峰緱鏌愪竴鐗規(guī)潈
欏癸紝鏈夎祫鏍肩殑鐢ㄦ埛鍙渶綆�鍗曞湴鍦ㄥ懡浠よ杈撳叆sudo涓庡懡浠ゅ悕涔嬪悗錛屾寜鐓ф彁紺哄啀嬈¤緭鍏ュ彛浠わ紙鐢ㄦ埛鑷繁鐨勫彛浠わ紝涓嶆槸root鐢ㄦ埛鍙ｄ護(hù)錛夈�備緥濡傦紝sudo鍏佽鏅�?
鐢ㄦ埛鏍煎紡鍖栫鐩橈紝浣嗘槸鍗存病鏈夎祴浜堝叾浠栫殑root鐢ㄦ埛鐗規(guī)潈銆?/p>
<p>1銆乻udo宸ュ叿鐢辨枃浠?etc/sudoers榪涜閰嶇疆錛岃鏂囦歡鍖呭惈鎵�鏈夊彲浠ヨ闂畇udo宸ュ叿鐨勭敤鎴峰垪琛ㄥ茍瀹氫箟浜?jiǎn)浠栦滑鐨勭壱?guī)潈銆備竴涓吀鍨嬬殑/etc/sudoers鏉＄洰濡備笅錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
liming ALL=(ALL) ALL</p>
<p><br>
榪欎釜鏉＄洰浣垮緱鐢ㄦ埛liming浣滀負(fù)瓚呯駭鐢ㄦ埛璁塊棶鎵�鏈夊簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忥紝濡傜敤鎴穕iming闇�瑕佷綔涓鴻秴綰х敤鎴瘋繍琛屽懡浠わ紝浠栧彧闇�綆�鍗曞湴鍦ㄥ懡浠ゅ墠鍔犱笂鍓嶇紑sudo銆傚洜姝わ紝瑕佷互root鐢ㄦ埛鐨勮韓浠芥墽琛屽懡浠ormat錛宭iming鍙互杈撳叆濡備笅鍛戒護(hù)錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
# sudo /usr/sbin/useradd sam</p>
<p><br>
娉ㄦ剰錛氬懡浠よ鍐欑粷瀵硅礬寰勶紝/usr/sbin榛樿涓嶅湪鏅�氱敤鎴風(fēng)殑鎼滅儲(chǔ)璺緞涓紝鎴栬�呭姞鍏ユ璺緞錛歅ATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin;export PATH銆傚彟澶栵紝涓嶅悓緋葷粺鍛戒護(hù)鐨勮礬寰勪笉灝界浉鍚岋紝鍙互浣跨敤鍛戒護(hù)&#8220;whereis 鍛戒護(hù)鍚?#8221;鏉ユ煡鎵懼叾璺緞銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�榪欐椂浼?xì)鏄窘C轟笅闈㈢殑杈撳嚭緇撴灉錛?/p>
<p>銆�銆�We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System</p>
<p>銆�銆�Administrator. It usually boils down to these two things:</p>
<p>銆�銆�#1) Respect the privacy of others.</p>
<p>銆�銆�#2) Think before you type.</p>
<p>銆�銆�Password:</p>
<p><br>
濡傛灉liming姝ｇ‘鍦拌緭鍏ヤ簡(jiǎn)鍙ｄ護(hù)錛屽懡浠seradd灝嗕細(xì)浠oot鐢ㄦ埛韜喚鎵ц銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�娉ㄦ剰錛氶厤緗枃浠?etc/sudoers蹇呴』浣跨敤鍛戒護(hù) Visudo鏉ョ紪杈戙�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鍙鎶婄浉搴旂殑鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃�佷富鏈哄悕鍜岃鍙殑鍛戒護(hù)鍒楄〃浠ユ爣鍑嗙殑鏍煎紡鍔犲叆鍒版枃浠?etc/sudoers錛屽茍淇濆瓨灝卞彲浠ョ敓鏁堬紝鍐嶇湅涓�涓緥瀛愩�?/p>
<p>2銆佷緥瀛愶細(xì)綆＄悊鍛橀渶瑕佸厑璁竒em鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄤ富鏈簊un涓婃墽琛宺eboot鍜宻hutdown鍛戒護(hù)錛屽湪/etc/sudoers涓姞鍏ワ細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
gem sun=/usr/sbin/reboot錛?usr/sbin/shutdown</p>
<p><br>
娉ㄦ剰錛氬懡浠や竴瀹氳浣跨敤緇濆璺緞錛屼互閬垮厤鍏朵粬鐩綍鐨勫悓鍚嶅懡浠よ鎵ц錛屼粠鑰岄�犳垚瀹夊叏闅愭?zhèn)ｃ�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�鐒跺悗淇濆瓨閫�鍑猴紝gem鐢ㄦ埛鎯蟲墽琛宺eboot鍛戒護(hù)鏃訛紝鍙鍦ㄦ彁紺虹涓嬭繍琛屼笅鍒楀懡浠わ細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
$ sudo /usr/sbin/reboot</p>
<p><br>
杈撳叆姝ｇ‘鐨勫瘑鐮侊紝灝卞彲浠ラ噸鍚湇鍔″櫒浜?jiǎn)銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�濡傛灉鎮(zhèn)ㄦ兂瀵逛竴緇勭敤鎴瘋繘琛屽畾涔夛紝鍙互鍦ㄧ粍鍚嶅墠鍔犱笂%錛屽鍏惰繘琛岃緗紝濡傦細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
%cuug ALL=(ALL) ALL</p>
<p><br>
3銆佸彟澶栵紝榪樺彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄥ埆鍚嶆潵綆�鍖栭厤緗枃浠躲�傚埆鍚嶇被浼肩粍鐨勬蹇碉紝鏈夌敤鎴峰埆鍚嶃�佷富鏈哄埆鍚嶅拰鍛戒護(hù)鍒悕銆傚涓敤鎴峰彲浠ラ鍏堢敤涓�涓埆鍚嶆潵瀹氫箟錛岀劧鍚庡湪瑙勫畾浠栦滑鍙互鎵?
琛屼粈涔堝懡浠ょ殑鏃跺�欎嬌鐢ㄥ埆鍚嶅氨鍙互浜?jiǎn)锛寴q欎釜閰嶇疆瀵規(guī)墍鏈夌敤鎴烽兘鐢熸晥銆備富鏈哄埆鍚嶅拰鍛戒護(hù)鍒悕涔熸槸濡傛銆傛敞鎰忎嬌鐢ㄥ墠鍏堣鍦?etc/sudoers涓畾
涔夛細(xì)User_Alias, Host_Alias, Cmnd_Alias欏癸紝鍦ㄥ叾鍚庨潰鍔犲叆鐩稿簲鐨勫悕縐幫紝涔熶互閫楀彿鍒嗛殧寮�灝卞彲浠ヤ簡(jiǎn)錛屼婦渚嬪涓嬶細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�Host_Alias SERVER=no1</p>
<p>銆�銆�User_Alias ADMINS=liming錛実em</p>
<p>銆�銆�Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN=/usr/sbin/halt錛?usr/sbin/shutdown錛?usr/sbin/reboot</p>
<p>銆�銆�ADMINS SERVER=SHUTDOWN</p>
<p><br>
4銆佸啀鐪嬭繖涓緥瀛愶細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
ADMINS ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL</p>
<p><br>
琛ㄧず鍏佽ADMINS涓嶇敤鍙ｄ護(hù)鎵ц涓�鍒囨搷浣滐紝鍏朵腑&#8220;NOPASSWD:&#8221;欏瑰畾涔変簡(jiǎn)鐢ㄦ埛鎵ц鎿嶄綔鏃朵笉闇�瑕佽緭鍏ュ彛浠ゃ�?/p>
<p>5銆乻udo鍛戒護(hù)榪樺彲浠ュ姞涓婁竴浜涘弬鏁幫紝瀹屾垚涓�浜涜緟鍔╃殑鍔熻兘錛屽</p>
<p>銆�銆�<br>
$ sudo &#8211;l</p>
<p><br>
浼?xì)鏄窘C哄嚭綾諱技榪欐牱鐨勪俊鎭細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�User liming may run the following commands on this host:</p>
<p>銆�銆�(root) /usr/sbin/reboot</p>
<p><br>
璇存槑root鍏佽鐢ㄦ埛liming鎵ц/usr/sbin/reboot鍛戒護(hù)銆傝繖涓弬鏁板彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄦ埛鏌ョ湅鑷繁鐩墠鍙互鍦╯udo涓墽琛屽摢浜涘懡浠ゃ�?/p>
<p>6銆佸湪鍛戒護(hù)鎻愮ず絎︿笅閿叆sudo鍛戒護(hù)浼?xì)鍒楀嚭鎵�鏈夊弬鏁幫紝鍏朵粬涓�浜涘弬鏁板涓嬶細(xì)</p>
<p>銆�銆�-V 鏄劇ず鐗堟湰緙栧彿銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-h 鏄劇ずsudo鍛戒護(hù)鐨勪嬌鐢ㄥ弬鏁般�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-v 鍥犱負(fù)sudo鍦ㄧ涓�嬈℃墽琛屾椂鎴栨槸鍦∟鍒嗛挓鍐呮病鏈夋墽琛岋紙N棰勮涓?錛変細(xì)璇㈤棶瀵嗙爜銆傝繖涓弬鏁版槸閲嶆柊鍋氫竴嬈＄‘璁わ紝濡傛灉瓚呰繃N鍒嗛挓錛屼篃浼?xì)闂瘑鐮併�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-k 灝嗕細(xì)寮鴻揩浣跨敤鑰呭湪涓嬩竴嬈℃墽琛宻udo鏃惰闂瘑鐮侊紙涓嶈鏈夋病鏈夎秴榪嘚鍒嗛挓錛夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-b 灝嗚鎵ц鐨勫懡浠ゆ斁鍦ㄨ儗鏅墽琛屻�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-p prompt 鍙互鏇存敼闂瘑鐮佺殑鎻愮ず璇紝鍏朵腑%u浼?xì)鏇挎崲湄?fù)浣跨敤鑰呯殑璐﹀彿鍚嶇О錛?h浼?xì)鏄窘C轟富鏈哄悕縐般�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-u username/#uid 涓嶅姞姝ゅ弬鏁幫紝浠ｈ〃瑕佷互root鐨勮韓浠芥墽琛屽懡浠わ紝鑰屽姞浜?jiǎn)姝ゅ弬鏁板Q屽彲浠ヤ互username鐨勮韓浠芥墽琛屽懡浠わ紙#uid涓鴻username鐨刄ID錛夈�?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-s 鎵ц鐜鍙橀噺涓殑 SHELL 鎵�鎸囧畾鐨?Shell 錛屾垨鏄?/etc/passwd 閲屾墍鎸囧畾鐨?Shell銆?/p>
<p>銆�銆�-H 灝嗙幆澧冨彉閲忎腑鐨凥OME錛堝涓葷洰褰曪級(jí)鎸囧畾涓鴻鍙樻洿韜喚鐨勪嬌鐢ㄨ�呯殑瀹夸富鐩綍銆傦紙濡備笉鍔?u鍙傛暟灝辨槸緋葷粺綆＄悊鑰卹oot銆傦級(jí)</p>
<p><br>
瑕佷互緋葷粺綆＄悊鑰呰韓浠斤紙鎴栦互-u鏇存敼涓哄叾浠栦漢錛夋墽琛岀殑鍛戒護(hù)銆?/p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98054.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-07 23:39 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98054.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item><item><title>鍦ㄨ８璁懼涓婇潰瀹夎oracle10g</title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98052.html</link><dc:creator>鏃呴�?/dc:creator><author>鏃呴�?/author><pubDate>Wed, 07 Oct 2009 15:21:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98052.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/98052.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98052.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/comments/commentRss/98052.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/services/trackbacks/98052.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍘熸枃錛?a  >http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/59074/showart_1095667.html</a></p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍥犱負(fù)鏄涓�嬈″湪瑁歌澶囦笂闈㈠畨瑁呮暟鎹簱錛屾墍浠ユ湁寰堝鐭ヨ瘑鐐硅繕鏄病鏈夊鍒頒綅錛岀粡榪囪嚜宸辯殑澶氭柟鐞㈢（錛屾繁鍏ユ�濊�冿紝闂緇堜簬瑙ｅ喅錛岀幇鎬葷粨瀹夎姝ラ濡備笅錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">絎竴姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩瑁歌澶囥�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鎸夌収浠ヤ笅姝ラ鎵ц錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鎴戠殑瀹為獙鏈哄櫒涓婂瓨鍦ㄤ笁鍧楃‖鐩橈紝sda錛宻db錛宻dc銆傚叾涓璼da鍙敤鏉ュ畨瑁呬簡(jiǎn)鎿嶄綔緋葷粺錛屼互鍙?qiáng)搴旂敤枋Y浠訛紝鍙﹀涓ゅ潡紜洏鍑嗗鐢ㄦ潵鍋氳８璁懼瀛樺偍鏁版嵁銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">涓簊db鍒掑垎鍒嗗尯錛岃繖鍧楃‖鐩樼敤鏉ュ瓨鏀炬暟鎹簱緋葷粺鏂囦歡system錛宻ysaux絳夌瓑 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">[root@pora ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Command (m for help): p&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鏌ョ湅鍒嗗尯鎯呭喌</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5237158+&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104359+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; control01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; control02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 39&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; control03</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 52&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;redo01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 53&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 59&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 56196&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; redo02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 182&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp; system</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 183&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 305&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp;&nbsp;sysaux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 306&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 428&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux&nbsp; undotbs1</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 429&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1799248+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux temp </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鏍規(guī)嵁紜洏澶у皬鍒嗗埆鍒掑垎涓嶅悓澶у皬鐨勫尯鏉ヤ綔涓烘瘡涓枃浠剁殑瀛樺偍錛岃繖閲岀敤綰㈣壊瀛椾綋鏍囪瘑鍑烘潵鐨勫唴瀹逛負(fù)娉ㄩ噴銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍏蜂綋濡備綍鍒╃敤fdisk鏉ュ垝鍒嗗尯錛岃繖閲屽氨涓嶈緇嗕粙緇嶄簡(jiǎn)錛屽彲浠ュ弬鑰冪浉鍏寵祫鏂欍�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">[root@pora ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Command (m for help):&nbsp;n&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;鍒涘緩鍒嗗尯 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Command action</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; l&nbsp;&nbsp; logical (5 or over)</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; p&nbsp;&nbsp; primary partition (1-4) </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">榪欓噷閫夋嫨&nbsp;l 鍒涘緩閫昏緫鍒嗗尯 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">First cylinder (1-261, default 1):&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Using default value 1</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-261, default 261): +1000M&nbsp;&nbsp; 鍒涘緩1G鐨勫垎鍖?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Command (m for help): w</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">The partition table has been altered!</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Syncing disks.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 淇濆瓨鍒嗗尯琛紝鍚屾鍒扮‖鐩?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍚岀悊浣跨敤fdisk 涓簊dc榪欏潡紜洏鍒掑垎鐩稿簲鐨勫垎鍖猴紝榪欏潡紜洏涓昏鐢ㄦ潵瀛樻斁涓氬姟鏁版嵁銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍒涘緩瀹屾墍鏈夊垎鍖轟互鍚庯紝鎴戜滑浣跨敤濡備笅鍛戒護(hù)鏉ユ煡鐪嬶細(xì) </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">[root@pora ~]# fdisk -l</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sda1&nbsp;&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1177&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9454221&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sda2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1178&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1304&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1020127+&nbsp; 82&nbsp; Linux swap</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5237158+&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104359+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 26&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 39&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 40&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 52&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 104391&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 53&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 59&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 56196&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 60&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 182&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 183&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 305&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 306&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 428&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdb13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 429&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1799248+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;&nbsp; Device Boot&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Start&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; End&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Blocks&nbsp;&nbsp; Id&nbsp; System</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5237158+&nbsp;&nbsp; 5&nbsp; Extended</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 123&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987934+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 124&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 246&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 247&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 369&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 370&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 492&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 987966&nbsp;&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 493&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 620&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1028128+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/sdc10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 621&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 652&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 257008+&nbsp; 83&nbsp; Linux </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">絎簩姝ワ細(xì)涓鴻８璁懼寤虹珛鏄犲皠鍏崇郴 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#vi /etc/sysconfig/rawdevices&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 榪欎釜鏂囦歡鐢ㄦ潵鍦ㄥ惎鍔ㄧ殑鏃跺�欏姞杞借８璁懼 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍐呭濡備笅錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb5</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdb6</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw3 /dev/sdb7</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw4 /dev/sdb8</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw5 /dev/sdb9</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw6 /dev/sdb10</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw7 /dev/sdb11</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw8 /dev/sdb12</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw9 /dev/sdc5</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw10 /dev/sdc6</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw11 /dev/sdc7</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw12 /dev/sdc8</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw13 /dev/sdc9</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">/dev/raw/raw14 /dev/sdc10 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">寤虹珛閾炬帴鍏崇郴 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw1 /oracle/oradata/orcl/control01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw2 /oracle/oradata/orcl/control02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw3 /oracle/oradata/orcl/control03</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw4 /oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw5 /oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw6 /oracle/oradata/orcl/system</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw7 /oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw8 /oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw9 /oracle/oradata/orcl/temp</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw10 /oracle/oradata/orcl/users</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw11 /oracle/oradata/orcl/data</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ln -s /dev/raw/raw12 /oracle/oradata/orcl/spfile </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍔犺澆瑁歌澶?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#/sbin/service rawdevices restart </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">絎笁姝ワ細(xì)瀹夎oracle杞歡 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">1.鍒涘緩鐢ㄦ埛錛岃祴浜堟潈闄?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#groupadd dba </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#useradd oracle -G dba </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#passwd oracle </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">瀵嗙爜璁劇疆涓? oracle </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#mkdir /oracle </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#chown oracle:dba /oracle </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#chmod -R 755 /oracle </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">2.閰嶇疆鐜鍙橀噺 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍐呭濡備笅錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ORACLE_SID=orcl</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ORACLE_BASE=/oracle</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/ora10g</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:.</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">浠racle鐢ㄦ埛鐧誨綍錛屾墽琛屼互涓嬫搷浣?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">$mkdir /oracle/ora10g </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">$mkdir /oracle/arch </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">$su - </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#xhost + </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鎵懼埌瀹夎鍖呮墍鍦ㄧ洰褰曪紝鎵цrunInstaller </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">$./runInstaller </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鎸夌収姝ｅ父姝ラ瀹夎oracle杞歡錛屼絾鏄笉闇�瑕佸垱寤烘暟鎹簱銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍒涘緩oracle瑁歌澶囨枃浠?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">#vi /home/oracle/dbca.conf </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍐呭濡備笅錛?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">spfile = /oracle/oradata/orcl/spfile</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">system = /oracle/oradata/orcl/system</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">sysaux = /oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">undotbs1= /oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">data =&nbsp;&nbsp; /oracle/oradata/orcl/data</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">temp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = /oracle/oradata/orcl/temp</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">users&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; = /oracle/oradata/orcl/users</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">redo1_1&nbsp;&nbsp; = /oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">redo1_2&nbsp;&nbsp; = /oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">control1= /oracle/oradata/orcl/control01</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">control2= /oracle/oradata/orcl/control02</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">control3= /oracle/oradata/orcl/control03 </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">絎洓姝ワ細(xì)鍒涘緩鏁版嵁搴?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">$dbca </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍦ㄩ�夋嫨瀛樺偍璁懼鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鎴戜滑閫夋嫨絎笁欏筊aw Devices,鐒跺悗閫変腑&#8220;specify Raw Devices Mapping File&#8221;澶嶉�夋錛岀偣鍑?#8220;Browse&#8221;鎸夐挳錛岄�夋嫨涓婁竴姝ユ垜浠垱寤哄ソ鐨勮８璁懼鏂囦歡/home/oracle/dbca.conf, </p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鐒跺悗鐐瑰嚮&#8220;next&#8221;,閰嶇疆鐩稿簲鐨勫弬鏁幫紝鍦ㄩ厤緗甧nable archiving鐨勬椂鍊欙紝閫夋嫨褰掓。鏃ュ織鐨勫瓨鏀劇洰褰曚負(fù)/oracle/arch銆?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">鍚庨潰鐨勬楠や笉璇︾粏鍒椾婦浜?jiǎn)锛屽笇鏈涘ぇ瀹惰嚜宸卞幦潗⒓偍锛屼竴鐩村埌鍒涘緩鏁版嵁搴撳畬鎴愩�?</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">絎簲姝ワ細(xì)嫻嬭瘯鏁版嵁搴?[oracle@pora ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 17 14:24:51 2008</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.&nbsp; All rights reserved.</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Connected to:</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">SQL&gt; select status from v$instance;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">STATUS</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">------------</p>
<p style="text-indent: 2em;">OPEN </p><img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/aggbug/98052.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/" target="_blank">鏃呴�?/a> 2009-10-07 23:21 <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/mydriverc/archive/2009/10/07/98052.html#Feedback" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;">鍙戣〃璇勮</a></div>]]></description></item></channel></rss>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               <a href="http://m.shnenglu.com/">&#38738;&#38738;&#33609;&#21407;&#32508;&#21512;&#20037;&#20037;&#22823;&#20234;&#20154;&#23548;&#33322;&#95;&#33394;&#32508;&#21512;&#20037;&#20037;&#22825;&#22825;&#32508;&#21512;&#95;&#26085;&#26085;&#22108;&#22108;&#22812;&#22812;&#29408;&#29408;&#20037;&#20037;&#19969;&#39321;&#20116;&#26376;&#95;&#28909;&#20037;&#20037;&#36825;&#37324;&#21482;&#26377;&#31934;&#21697;</a>

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