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2009騫?8鏈?8鏃?鏄熸湡浜?11:26
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鏈変簡malloc/free涓轟粈涔堣繕瑕乶ew/delete 錛?br> malloc涓巉ree鏄疌++/C璇█鐨勬爣鍑嗗簱鍑芥暟錛宯ew/delete鏄疌++鐨勮繍綆楃銆傚畠浠兘鍙敤浜庣敵璇峰姩鎬佸唴瀛樺拰閲婃斁鍐呭瓨銆?br> |
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class String
{
public:
String(const char *str=NULL); //鏋勯犲嚱鏁?/span>
String(const String &other); //鎷瘋礉鏋勯犲嚱鏁?/span>
~String(void); //鏋愭瀯鍑芥暟
String& operator=(const String &other); //絳夊彿鎿嶄綔絎﹂噸杞?/span>
ShowString();
private:
char *m_data; //鎸囬拡
};
String::~String()
{
delete [] m_data; //鏋愭瀯鍑芥暟錛岄噴鏀懼湴鍧絀洪棿
}
String::String(const char *str)
{
if (str==NULL)//褰撳垵濮嬪寲涓蹭笉瀛樺湪鐨勬椂鍊欙紝涓?/span>m_data鐢寵涓涓┖闂村瓨鏀?/span>'\0'錛?/span>
{
m_data=new char[1];
*m_data='\0';
}
else//褰撳垵濮嬪寲涓插瓨鍦ㄧ殑鏃跺欙紝涓?/span>m_data鐢寵鍚屾牱澶у皬鐨勭┖闂村瓨鏀捐涓詫紱
{
int length=strlen(str);
m_data=new char[length+1];
strcpy(m_data,str);
}
}
String::String(const String &other)//鎷瘋礉鏋勯犲嚱鏁幫紝鍔熻兘涓庢瀯閫犲嚱鏁扮被浼箋?/span>
{
int length=strlen(other.m_data);
m_data=new [length+1];
strcpy(m_data,other.m_data);
}
String& String::operator =(const String &other)
{
if (this==&other)//褰撳湴鍧鐩稿悓鏃訛紝鐩存帴榪斿洖錛?/span>
return *this;
delete [] m_data;//褰撳湴鍧涓嶇浉鍚屾椂錛屽垹闄ゅ師鏉ョ敵璇風殑絀洪棿錛岄噸鏂板紑濮嬫瀯閫狅紱
int length=sizeof(other.m_data);
m_data=new [length+1];
strcpy(m_data,other.m_data);
return *this;
}
String::ShowString()//鐢變簬m_data鏄鏈夋垚鍛橈紝瀵硅薄鍙兘閫氳繃public鎴愬憳鍑芥暟鏉ヨ闂紱
{
cout<<this->m_data<<endl;
}
main()
{
String AD;
char * p="ABCDE";
String B(p);
AD.ShowString();
AD=B;
AD.ShowString();
}
]]>
class String
{
public:
String(const char *str=NULL); //鏋勯犲嚱鏁?/span>
String(const String &other); //鎷瘋礉鏋勯犲嚱鏁?/span>
~String(void); //鏋愭瀯鍑芥暟
String& operator=(const String &other); //絳夊彿鎿嶄綔絎﹂噸杞?/span>
ShowString();
private:
char *m_data; //鎸囬拡
};
String::~String()
{
delete [] m_data; //鏋愭瀯鍑芥暟錛岄噴鏀懼湴鍧絀洪棿
}
String::String(const char *str)
{
if (str==NULL)//褰撳垵濮嬪寲涓蹭笉瀛樺湪鐨勬椂鍊欙紝涓?/span>m_data鐢寵涓涓┖闂村瓨鏀?/span>'\0'錛?/span>
{
m_data=new char[1];
*m_data='\0';
}
else//褰撳垵濮嬪寲涓插瓨鍦ㄧ殑鏃跺欙紝涓?/span>m_data鐢寵鍚屾牱澶у皬鐨勭┖闂村瓨鏀捐涓詫紱
{
int length=strlen(str);
m_data=new char[length+1];
strcpy(m_data,str);
}
}
String::String(const String &other)//鎷瘋礉鏋勯犲嚱鏁幫紝鍔熻兘涓庢瀯閫犲嚱鏁扮被浼箋?/span>
{
int length=strlen(other.m_data);
m_data=new [length+1];
strcpy(m_data,other.m_data);
}
String& String::operator =(const String &other)
{
if (this==&other)//褰撳湴鍧鐩稿悓鏃訛紝鐩存帴榪斿洖錛?/span>
return *this;
delete [] m_data;//褰撳湴鍧涓嶇浉鍚屾椂錛屽垹闄ゅ師鏉ョ敵璇風殑絀洪棿錛岄噸鏂板紑濮嬫瀯閫狅紱
int length=sizeof(other.m_data);
m_data=new [length+1];
strcpy(m_data,other.m_data);
return *this;
}
String::ShowString()//鐢變簬m_data鏄鏈夋垚鍛橈紝瀵硅薄鍙兘閫氳繃public鎴愬憳鍑芥暟鏉ヨ闂紱
{
cout<<this->m_data<<endl;
}
main()
{
String AD;
char * p="ABCDE";
String B(p);
AD.ShowString();
AD=B;
AD.ShowString();
}
]]>
dynamic_cast: 閫氬父鍦ㄥ熀綾誨拰媧劇敓綾諱箣闂磋漿鎹㈡椂浣跨敤,run-time cast
const_cast: 涓昏閽堝const鍜寁olatile鐨勮漿鎹?
static_cast: 涓鑸殑杞崲錛宯o run-time check.閫氬父錛屽鏋滀綘涓嶇煡閬撹鐢ㄥ摢涓紝灝辯敤榪欎釜銆?
reinterpret_cast: 鐢ㄤ簬榪涜娌℃湁浠諱綍鍏寵仈涔嬮棿鐨勮漿鎹紝姣斿涓涓瓧絎︽寚閽堣漿鎹負涓涓暣褰㈡暟銆?br>
http://blog.csdn.net/goodluckyxl/archive/2005/01/19/259851.aspx
寮哄埗杞寲鍥涚綾誨瀷鍙兘寰堝浜洪兘甯稿父蹇界暐灝辮薄鎴戜竴鏍鳳紝浣嗘槸鏈夋椂榪樻槸姣旇緝鏈夌敤鐨勩備笉浜嗚В鐨勫緩璁湅鐪嬶紝涓浜涙満鍒舵垜涔熶笉鏄崄鍒嗕簡瑙ｏ紝鍙槸灝嗕竴浜涚敤娉曞啓鍑烘潵璁╁ぇ瀹剁湅鐪嬨?br> 2004-11-27 9:00
寮哄埗杞寲鏃犺浠庤娉曡繕鏄鎰忎笂鐪嬶紝閮芥槸c++涓渶闅劇湅鐨勭壒寰佷箣涓銆備絾鏄熀浜巆椋庢牸鐨勮漿鍖栫殑璇箟鐨勪笉鏄庣‘鎬у強鍏朵竴浜涙綔鍦ㄩ棶棰樸傚己鍒剁被鍨嬭漿鍖栨渶緇堣繕鏄c++鎺ュ彈浜嗐?br>1.static_cast榪愮畻絎﹀彿
static_cast<T>(e),stroustrup璁╂垜浠彲浠ユ妸瀹冪湅鎴愰殣鍚漿鎹㈢殑鏄劇ず鐨勯嗚繍綆椼傝繖涓槸鏈変竴瀹氶亾鐞嗙殑錛屽熀浜庨殣寮忚漿鍖栫殑瀵硅薄綾誨瀷鎴戜滑鍙互浣跨敤static_cast杞寲榪愮畻絎﹀彿銆傚畠鏄潤鎬佺殑媯嫻嬶紝鏃犳硶榪愯鏃舵嫻嬬被鍨嬶紝鍦ㄧ戶鎵夸腑灝や負紿佸嚭銆?br>浣跨敤鑼冨洿
<1>鐢ㄤ簬鎵鏈夌郴緇熺被鍨嬩箣闂磋漿鍖栵紝涓嶈兘鐢ㄤ簬緋葷粺綾誨瀷鎸囬拡綾誨瀷杞寲
double t_d = 0;
int t_i= static_cast<int>(t_d); //鏄悎娉曠殑杞寲
鑰屼紒鍥懼皢double*->int*鏄笉鍏佽鐨?br><2>鐢ㄤ簬緇ф壙綾諱箣闂寸殑杞寲錛堝惈鎸囬拡錛夛紝涓嶈兘鐢ㄤ簬鍏朵粬娌℃湁闅愬紡杞寲鐨勫璞＄被鍨嬩箣闂寸殑杞寲
緇ф壙涓句緥:
class x
{
};
class y: public x
{
};
浣跨敤:x t_o_x;
y t_o_y = static_cast<y>(t_o_x); //x* y*杞寲涔熷彲浠ヨ繘琛屽洜涓簒,y緇ф壙鍏?br>//緋伙紝綾誨瀷鍙互鑷姩闅愬紡杞寲浣跨敤
闅愬紡杞寲涓句緥:
class x
{
};
class y
{
public:
y( x i_x ) {}
};
x t_o_x;
y t_o_y = static_cast<y>(t_o_x); //澶у鐪嬪埌y鏋勯犲嚱鏁板彲浠ュ浜巟綾誨瀷闅愬紡杞寲
//鎵浠ュ彲浠ュ皢x->y錛屽鏋滀紒鍥懼皢y->x浼氭姤閿?br>2.reinterpret_cast 榪愮畻
涓昏鐢ㄤ簬瀵逛簬綾誨瀷鎸囬拡綾誨瀷鐨勫己鍒惰漿鍖栵紝some_type* -> special_type*榪欐牱杞寲錛岀被鍨嬩俊鎭彲浠ユ槸涓嶅畬鍏ㄧ殑銆傚畠鍏佽灝嗕換鎰忔寚閽堣漿鍖栧埌鍏朵粬綾誨瀷鎸囬拡錛屼篃鍏佽浠繪剰鏁存暟綾誨瀷鍒頒換鎰忔寚閽堢被鍨嬭漿鍖?BT)銆傝繖鏍峰鑷寸殑緇撴灉鏄瀬鍏朵笉瀹夊叏鐨勶紝涓嶈兘瀹夊叏鐨勫簲鐢ㄤ簬鍏朵粬鐩殑錛岄櫎闈炶漿鍖栧埌鍘熸潵綾誨瀷銆?br><1> 浣跨敤鎵鏈夋暣褰㈠彲浠ヨ漿鍖栦負浠繪剰綾誨瀷鐨勬寚閽?鎸囬拡鏄?瀛楄妭鐨刲ong鐨勪笢涓滐紝閭ｄ箞鏈哄櫒灝辮涓哄悓綾誨瀷灝辨槸鍙互杞寲)
int c;
x* p = reinterpret_cast<x*>(c); //x鏄嚜瀹氫箟鐨勪換鎰忕被鍨嬶紝褰撶劧鍖呮嫭緋葷粺綾誨瀷
<2> 鍙互瀵逛簬浠繪剰綾誨瀷鎸囬拡涔嬮棿杞寲
y* c;
x* p = reinterpret_cast<x*>(c);//x,y浠ｈ〃鎵鏈夎嚜瀹氫箟鎴栫郴緇熺被鍨?br>澶у鍙互鐪嬪埌reinterpret_cast鐨勮漿鍖栨槸鏋佸害鐨勪笉璐熻矗浠葷殑錛屼粬鍙杞寲涓嶆嫻嬫槸鍚﹀彲浠ヨ漿鍖栥?br><3> const_cast榪愮畻絎﹀彿
榪欎釜寰堢畝鍗曚粠鍚嶅瓧澶у鍙互鐪嬪嚭鏉ワ紝浠呬粎涓轟簡鍘繪帀鎴栫潃鍔犱笂const淇グ絎﹀彿銆備絾鏄浜庢湰韜畾涔夋椂涓篶onst鐨勭被鍨嬶紝鍗充嬌浣犲幓鎺塩onst鎬э紝鍦ㄤ綘鎿嶄綔榪欑墖鍐呭鏃跺欎篃瑕佸皬蹇冿紝鍙兘r涓嶈兘w鎿嶄綔錛屽惁鍒欒繕鏄細鍑洪敊銆?br>const char* p = "123";
char* c = const_cast<char*>(p);
c[0] = 1; //琛ㄩ潰涓婇氳繃緙栬瘧鍘繪帀浜哻onst鎬э紝浣嗘槸鎿嶄綔鍏跺湴鍧鏃剁郴緇熶緷鐒朵笉鍏佽榪?br>//涔堝仛銆傝繖鏄竴涓紡媧炲惂
<4> dynamic_cast榪愮畻絎﹀彿
Scott Mayers灝嗗叾鎻忚堪涓虹敤鏉ユ墽琛岀戶鎵夸綋緋諱腑錛氬畨鍏ㄧ殑鍚戜笅杞瀷鎴栬呰法緋昏漿鍨嬪姩浣溿備篃灝辨槸璇翠綘鍙互錛岀敤dynamic_cast灝?鎸囧悜base class鐨勬寚閽堟垨寮曠敤杞瀷涓?鎸囧悜瀛愮被鐨勫璞＄殑鎸囬拡鎴栧紩鐢ㄣ?br>class B {}; //polymorphic綾誨瀷鍚玽irtual鎵嶈兘dynamic_cast
class D: public B {}
void f( B* pb )
{
D* pd1 = dynamic_cast<D*>(pb);//濡傛灉pb涓篸綾誨瀷姝ｇ‘榪斿洖錛屽鏋滀笉鏄繑鍥?
D* pd2 = static_cast<D*>(pb); //涓嶇鎬庝箞鏍烽兘榪斿洖鎸囬拡鏈夊彲鑳芥寚鍚戜笉鍚堥傜殑瀵?br>//璞★紝鍥犱負static浠呬粎闈欐佹嫻嬶紝涓嶈兘寰楀埌榪?br>//琛屾椂瀵硅薄鐨勪俊鎭槸鍚︾湡姝ｄ負D綾誨瀷
}
http://www.vckbase.com/document/viewdoc/?id=1651
static_cast<>鎻瘑
浣滆咃細Sam NG
璇戣咃細灝忓垁浜?/a>
鍘熸枃閾炬帴錛?a >What static_cast<> is actually doing
鏈枃璁ㄨstatic_cast<> 鍜?reinterpret_cast<>銆?
浠嬬粛
澶у紼嬪簭鍛樺湪瀛++鍓嶉兘瀛﹁繃C錛屽茍涓斾範鎯簬C椋庢牸錛堢被鍨嬶級杞崲銆傚綋鍐機++錛堢▼搴忥級鏃訛紝鏈夋椂鍊欐垜浠湪浣跨敤static_cast<>鍜?reinterpret_cast<>鏃跺彲鑳戒細鏈夌偣妯＄硦銆傚湪鏈枃涓紝鎴戝皢璇存槑static_cast<>瀹為檯涓婂仛浜嗕粈涔堬紝騫朵笖鎸囧嚭涓浜涘皢浼氬鑷撮敊璇殑鎯呭喌銆?br>
娉涘瀷錛圙eneric Types錛?/strong>
float f = 12.3;綆鑰岃█涔嬶紝static_cast<> 灝嗗皾璇曡漿鎹紝涓句緥鏉ヨ錛屽float-鍒?integer錛岃宺einterpret_cast<>綆鍗曟敼鍙樼紪璇戝櫒鐨勬剰鍥鵑噸鏂拌冭檻閭ｄ釜瀵硅薄浣滀負鍙︿竴綾誨瀷銆?br>
float* pf = &f;
// static cast<>
// 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, n = 12
int n = static_cast<int>(f);
// 閿欒,鎸囧悜鐨勭被鍨嬫槸鏃犲叧鐨勶紙璇戞敞錛氬嵆鎸囬拡鍙橀噺pf鏄痜loat綾誨瀷錛岀幇鍦ㄨ琚漿鎹負int綾誨瀷錛?br> //int* pn = static_cast<int*>(pf);
//鎴愬姛緙栬瘧
void* pv = static_cast<void*>(pf);
//鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, 浣嗘槸 *pn2鏄棤鎰忎箟鐨勫唴瀛橈紙rubbish錛?br>
int* pn2 = static_cast<int*>(pv);
// reinterpret_cast<>
//閿欒,緙栬瘧鍣ㄧ煡閬撲綘搴旇璋冪敤static_cast<>
//int i = reinterpret_cast<int>(f);
//鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, 浣嗘槸 *pn 瀹為檯涓婃槸鏃犳剰涔夌殑鍐呭瓨,鍜?*pn2涓鏍?br>
int* pi = reinterpret_cast<int*>(pf);
鎸囬拡綾誨瀷錛圥ointer Types錛?/strong>
鎸囬拡杞崲鏈夌偣澶嶆潅錛屾垜浠皢鍦ㄦ湰鏂囩殑鍓╀綑閮ㄥ垎浣跨敤涓嬮潰鐨勭被錛?br>
class CBaseX鎯呭喌1錛氫袱涓棤鍏崇殑綾諱箣闂寸殑杞崲
{
public:
int x;
CBaseX() { x = 10; }
void foo() { printf("CBaseX::foo() x=%d\n", x); }
};
class CBaseY
{
public:
int y;
int* py;
CBaseY() { y = 20; py = &y; }
void bar() { printf("CBaseY::bar() y=%d, *py=%d\n", y, *py);
}
};
class CDerived : public CBaseX, public CBaseY
{
public:
int z;
};
// Convert between CBaseX* and CBaseY*姝ｅ鎴戜滑鍦ㄦ硾鍨嬩緥瀛愪腑鎵璁よ瘑鍒扮殑錛屽鏋滀綘灝濊瘯杞崲涓涓璞″埌鍙︿竴涓棤鍏崇殑綾籹tatic_cast<>灝嗗け璐ワ紝鑰宺einterpret_cast<>灝辨繪槸鎴愬姛“嬈洪獥”緙栬瘧鍣細閭ｄ釜瀵硅薄灝辨槸閭ｄ釜鏃犲叧綾匯?br>
// CBaseX* 鍜?CBaseY*涔嬮棿鐨勮漿鎹?br>
CBaseX* pX = new CBaseX();
// Error, types pointed to are unrelated
// 閿欒錛?綾誨瀷鎸囧悜鏄棤鍏崇殑
// CBaseY* pY1 = static_cast<CBaseY*>(pX);
// Compile OK, but pY2 is not CBaseX
// 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, 浣嗘槸 pY2 涓嶆槸CBaseX
CBaseY* pY2 = reinterpret_cast<CBaseY*>(pX);
// System crash!!
// 緋葷粺宕╂簝!!
// pY2->bar();
鎯呭喌2錛氳漿鎹㈠埌鐩稿叧鐨勭被
1. CDerived* pD = new CDerived();
2. printf("CDerived* pD = %x\n", (int)pD);
3.
4. // static_cast<> CDerived* -> CBaseY* -> CDerived*
//鎴愬姛緙栬瘧錛岄殣寮弒tatic_cast<>杞崲
5. CBaseY* pY1 = pD;
6. printf("CBaseY* pY1 = %x\n", (int)pY1);
// 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, 鐜板湪 pD1 = pD
7. CDerived* pD1 = static_cast<CDerived*>(pY1);
8. printf("CDerived* pD1 = %x\n", (int)pD1);
9.
10. // reinterpret_cast
// 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, 浣嗘槸 pY2 涓嶆槸 CBaseY*
11. CBaseY* pY2 = reinterpret_cast<CBaseY*>(pD);
12. printf("CBaseY* pY2 = %x\n", (int)pY2);
13.
14. // 鏃犲叧鐨?static_cast<>
15. CBaseY* pY3 = new CBaseY();
16. printf("CBaseY* pY3 = %x\n", (int)pY3);
// 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧,灝界 pY3 鍙槸涓涓?"鏂?CBaseY()"
17. CDerived* pD3 = static_cast<CDerived*>(pY3);
18. printf("CDerived* pD3 = %x\n", (int)pD3);
---------------------- 杈撳嚭 ---------------------------
CDerived* pD = 392fb8
CBaseY* pY1 = 392fbc
CDerived* pD1 = 392fb8
CBaseY* pY2 = 392fb8
CBaseY* pY3 = 390ff0
CDerived* pD3 = 390fec
娉ㄦ剰錛氬湪灝咰Derived*鐢ㄩ殣寮?static_cast<>杞崲鍒癈BaseY*錛堢5琛岋級鏃訛紝緇撴灉鏄紙鎸囧悜錛塁Derived*錛堢殑鎸囬拡鍚戝悗錛?鍋忕Щ浜?錛堜釜瀛楄妭錛夛紙璇戞敞錛?涓篿nt綾誨瀷鍦ㄥ唴瀛樹腑鎵鍗犲瓧鑺傛暟錛夈備負浜嗙煡閬搒tatic_cast<> 瀹為檯濡備綍錛屾垜浠笉寰椾笉瑕佹潵鐪嬩竴涓婥Derived鐨勫唴瀛樺竷灞銆?/p>
CDerived鐨勫唴瀛樺竷灞錛圡emory Layout錛?/strong>
濡傚浘鎵紺猴紝CDerived鐨勫唴瀛樺竷灞鍖呮嫭涓や釜瀵硅薄錛孋BaseX 鍜?CBaseY錛岀紪璇戝櫒涔熺煡閬撹繖涓鐐廣傚洜姝わ紝褰撲綘灝咰Derived* 杞崲鍒?CBaseY*鏃訛紝瀹冪粰鎸囬拡娣誨姞4涓瓧鑺傦紝鍚屾椂褰撲綘灝咰BaseY*杞崲鍒癈Derived*鏃訛紝瀹冪粰鎸囬拡鍑忓幓4銆傜劧鑰岋紝鐢氳嚦瀹冨嵆渚夸笉鏄竴涓狢Derived浣犱篃鍙互榪欐牱鍋氥?br>褰撶劧錛岃繖涓棶棰樺彧鍦ㄥ鏋滀綘鍋氫簡澶氱戶鎵挎椂鍙戠敓銆傚湪浣犲皢CDerived杞崲 鍒?CBaseX鏃秙tatic_cast<> 鍜?reinterpret_cast<>鏄病鏈夊尯鍒殑銆?br>
鎯呭喌3錛歷oid*涔嬮棿鐨勫悜鍓嶅拰鍚戝悗杞崲
鍥犱負浠諱綍鎸囬拡鍙互琚漿鎹㈠埌void*錛岃寁oid*鍙互琚悜鍚庤漿鎹㈠埌浠諱綍鎸囬拡錛堝浜巗tatic_cast<> 鍜?reinterpret_cast<>杞崲閮藉彲浠ヨ繖鏍峰仛錛夛紝濡傛灉娌℃湁灝忓績澶勭悊鐨勮瘽閿欒鍙兘鍙戠敓銆?br>
CDerived* pD = new CDerived();
printf("CDerived* pD = %x\n", (int)pD);
CBaseY* pY = pD; // 鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, pY = pD + 4
printf("CBaseY* pY = %x\n", (int)pY);
void* pV1 = pY; //鎴愬姛緙栬瘧, pV1 = pY
printf("void* pV1 = %x\n", (int)pV1);
// pD2 = pY, 浣嗘槸鎴戜滑棰勬湡 pD2 = pY - 4
CDerived* pD2 = static_cast<CDerived*>(pV1);
printf("CDerived* pD2 = %x\n", (int)pD2);
// 緋葷粺宕╂簝
// pD2->bar();
---------------------- 杈撳嚭 ---------------------------
CDerived* pD = 392fb8
CBaseY* pY = 392fbc
void* pV1 = 392fbc
CDerived* pD2 = 392fbc
涓鏃︽垜浠凡緇忚漿鎹㈡寚閽堜負void*錛屾垜浠氨涓嶈兘杞繪槗灝嗗叾杞崲鍥炲師綾匯傚湪涓婇潰鐨勪緥瀛愪腑錛屼粠涓涓獀oid* 榪斿洖CDerived*鐨勫敮涓鏂規硶鏄皢鍏惰漿鎹負CBaseY*鐒跺悗鍐嶈漿鎹負CDerived*銆?
浣嗘槸濡傛灉鎴戜滑涓嶈兘紜畾瀹冩槸CBaseY* 榪樻槸 CDerived*錛岃繖鏃舵垜浠笉寰椾笉鐢╠ynamic_cast<> 鎴杢ypeid[2]銆?br>
娉ㄩ噴錛?/strong>
1. dynamic_cast<>錛屼粠鍙︿竴鏂歸潰鏉ヨ錛屽彲浠ラ槻姝竴涓硾鍨婥BaseY* 琚漿鎹㈠埌CDerived*銆?br>2. dynamic_cast<>闇瑕佺被鎴愪負澶氭侊紝鍗沖寘鎷?#8220;铏?#8221;鍑芥暟錛屽茍鍥犳鑰屼笉鑳芥垚涓簐oid*銆?br>鍙傝冿細
1. [MSDN] C++ Language Reference -- Casting
2. Nishant Sivakumar, Casting Basics - Use C++ casts in your VC++.NET programs
3. Juan Soulie, C++ Language Tutorial: Type Casting
鎺ㄨ崘閾炬帴錛?/strong>濡備綍鍦ㄨ繍琛屾椂紜畾瀵硅薄綾誨瀷錛圧TTI錛?/a>
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