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BMP格式学习(f��n)之�{换bmp为字�W�画

izualzhy — Sat, 09 Mar 2013 15:38:00 GMT

看过比赛�Q�又有时间折腾了(ji��n)。今天一直在看bmp格式的文�Ӟ��很久以来看到别�h发的字符画都很有意思�?br />于是试着自己写了(ji��n)个，效果一般但是很有意思。由于我使用的是256色的bmp�Q�可能��?4位或者jpg效果�?x��)更好些�?br />先看下�{换的�l�果�?br />转换前：(x��)
转换的字�W�画�Q?br />

�l�果比较�_�糙�Q�但�q�可以接受，我想如果�?4位bmp�?x��)好很多。有旉��的话补充一下�?br />�q�里是代码：(x��) 1 /*

2  * =====================================================================================
3  *       Filename:  ConvertBmpToAscii.cpp
4  *    Description:  convert a 256bmp file to ascii-file
5  *
6  *        Version:  1.0
7  *        Created:  03/09/2013 05:46:16 PM
8  *
9  *         Author:  zhy (), izualzhy@163.com
10  * =====================================================================================
11  */
12 #include
13 #include
14 #include <string.h>
15 #include "Defs.h"
16
17 int GetGrayFromRGB(RGBQuad color)
18 {
19     return color.rgbRed*0.299 + color.rgbGreen*0.587 + color.rgbBlue*0.114;
20 }
21
22 char GetCharFromGray(int gray)
23 {
24     if (gray > 0.9 && gray <=1.0)
25     {
26         return '#';
27     } else if (gray > 0.7) {
28         return '@';
29     } else if (gray > 0.4) {
30         return '~';
31     } else if (gray > 0.2) {
32         return '\'';
33     } else {
34         return ' ';
35     }
36 }
37
38 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
39 {
40     if (argc < 2)
41         return -1;
42
43     FILE* fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
44     if (!fp)
45         return -1;
46
47     BitMapFileHeader bmfHeader;
48     fread(&bmfHeader, sizeof(bmfHeader), 1, fp);
49
50     BitMapInfoHeader bmiHeader;
51     fread(&bmiHeader, sizeof(bmiHeader), 1, fp);
52
53     RGBQuad colorTable[256];
54     fread(colorTable, sizeof(RGBQuad), 256, fp);
55
56     int width = bmiHeader.biWidth;
57     width = (width*bmiHeader.biBitCount + 31)/8;
58     width = width/4*4;
59     int height = bmiHeader.biHeight;
60
61     unsigned char* dataImage = (unsigned char*)malloc(width*height*sizeof(unsigned char));
62     memset(dataImage, 0, width*height);
63     fread(dataImage, 1, width*height, fp);
64     char* dataAscii = (char*)malloc(width*height*sizeof(char));
65     memset(dataAscii, ' ', width*height);
66     for (int i=0; i67         for (int j=height-1; j>=0; --j)
68         {
69             int gray = GetGrayFromRGB(colorTable[dataImage[j*width + i]]);
70             dataAscii[(height - 1 - j)*width + i] = GetCharFromGray(gray);
71         }
72
73     fclose(fp);
74
75     fp = fopen("demo.txt", "w");
76     if (!fp)
77         return -1;
78
79     for (int j=0; j80     {
81         for (int i=0; i82         {
83             fwrite(dataAscii + j*width + i, 1, 1, fp);
84         }
85         fwrite("\n", 1, sizeof("\n"), fp);
86     }
87     fclose(fp);
88     free(dataImage);
89     free(dataAscii);
90
91     return 0;
92 }
93

izualzhy 2013-03-09 23:38 发表评论

BMP格式学习(f��n)之创建bmp文�g

izualzhy — Sat, 09 Mar 2013 09:22:00 GMT

接上��，既然颜色表可以得刎ͼ�bmp的文件格式已�l�很清楚�?ji��n)，能否自己创徏bmp文�g呢？

�q�是�?56色bmp��Z��.

�{�案是可以的�Q�这是程序生成的一个简单的bmp�Q?/p>

�Ҏ(gu��)��之前的颜色表�Q�可以得到red,green,blue像素对应的index,只要在位图数据区写上该内容就好了(ji��n)�?/p>

注意位图数据的方向是从左到右从下至上�?/p>

Code Snippet
 /*
 * =====================================================================================
 *       Filename:  CreateBMPFile.cpp
 *    Description:  demos of creating 256BMP file
 *
 *        Version:  1.0
 *        Created:  03/09/2013 03:44:13 PM
 *
 *         Author:  zhy (), izualzhy@163.com
 * =====================================================================================
 */
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "Defs.h"
 
int main()
{
    const int width = 200;
    const int height = 300;
    const int bitCount = 8;
 
    int realWidth = (width * bitCount + 31)/8;
    realWidth = realWidth/4*4;
    const int dataSize = realWidth * height;
 
    BitMapFileHeader bmfHeader;
    memset(&bmfHeader, 0, sizeof(bmfHeader));
    bmfHeader.bfType = 0x4d42;
    bmfHeader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BitMapFileHeader) + sizeof(BitMapInfoHeader) + sizeof(RGBQuad)*256;
    bmfHeader.bfSize = bmfHeader.bfOffBits + dataSize;
 
    BitMapInfoHeader bmiHeader;
    memset(&bmiHeader, 0, sizeof(bmiHeader));
    bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(BitMapInfoHeader);
    bmiHeader.biWidth = width;
    bmiHeader.biHeight = height;
    bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
    bmiHeader.biBitCount = bitCount;
    bmiHeader.biSizeImage = dataSize;
 
    FILE* fpIn = fopen("3.bmp", "r");//3.bmp是之前测试用的文�Ӟ��256色bmp
    if (!fpIn)
        return -1;
 
    RGBQuad colorTables[256];
    fseek(fpIn, 0x36, SEEK_SET);
    fread(colorTables, sizeof(RGBQuad), 256, fpIn);
    fclose(fpIn);
 
    unsigned char* imageData = (unsigned char*)malloc(dataSize*sizeof(unsigned char));
    if (!imageData)
        return -1;
 
    memset(imageData, 0, dataSize);
    for (int i=0; i<realWidth; ++i)
    {
        for (int j=0; j<=20; ++j)
        {
            imageData[j*realWidth + i] = 0xff;//white
        }
 
        for (int j=50; j<=100; ++j)
        {
            imageData[j*realWidth + i] = 0xfc;//blue
        }
 
        for (int j=150; j<=180; ++j)
        {
            imageData[j*realWidth + i] = 0xfa;//green
        }
 
        for (int j=220; j<300; ++j)
        {
            imageData[j*realWidth + i] = 0xf9;//red
        }
    }
 
    FILE* fpOut = fopen("demo.bmp", "w");
    if (!fpOut)
        return -1;
 
    fwrite(&bmfHeader, sizeof(bmfHeader), 1, fpOut);
    fwrite(&bmiHeader, sizeof(bmiHeader), 1, fpOut);
    fwrite(colorTables, sizeof(RGBQuad), 256, fpOut);
    fwrite(imageData, 1, dataSize, fpOut);
    fclose(fpOut);
free(imageData);
}
 

该代码会(x��)生成上述bmp文�g�?/p>

如果你看�?ji��n)前面的文章�Q�就别问�?.bmp哪里的^_^

因�ؓ(f��)数据方向从上��C��Q�因此从下到上依�ơ�ؓ(f��)white, blue, green, red�?/p>

既然数据可以�q�么写入�Q�接下来的就可以自己玩啦�?/p>

比如写入的代码改成了(ji��n)�q�个样子�Q?/p>

Code Snippet
 int i = 0;
  while (i++ < 100)
  {
      int randX = rand()%realWidth;
      int randY = rand()%height;
      int randColorIndex = rand()%256;
      const int range = 15;
 
      int minX = randX - range;
      minX = minX > 0 ? minX : 0;
      int minY = randY - range;
      minY = minY > 0 ? minY : 0;
      int maxX = randX + range;
      maxX = maxX > realWidth ? realWidth : maxX;
      int maxY = randY + range;
      maxY = maxY > height ? height : maxY;
 
      printf("%d,%d,%d,%d\n",minX, maxX, minY, maxY);
      for (int i=minX; i<maxX; ++i)
          for (int j=minY; j<maxY; ++j)
          {
              imageData[j*realWidth + i] = randColorIndex;
          }
  }
 

随机取点�Q�以该点��Z��?j��)的矩�Ş随机填充颜色。就成了(ji��n)�q�个样子�Q?/p>

是不是很好玩�Q�绘制直�U�，圆�Ş应该��很�Ҏ(gu��)��?ji��n)�?/p>

izualzhy 2013-03-09 17:22 发表评论

BMP格式学习(f��n)之提取颜色表

izualzhy — Sat, 09 Mar 2013 07:52:00 GMT

按照从网上查扄��资料bmp格式的颜色表是不固定的，的确如此�Q�我��试�?ji��n)几个bmp�Q�颜色表各不相同�?/p>

不过由windows��d��E�序生成�?56色的bmp试验�Ӟ��发现颜色表一直相同，用来作�ؓ(f��)自己生成bmp文�g的颜色表模版不错�?/p>

代码�Q?/p>

Code Snippet
 /*
 * =====================================================================================
 *       Filename:  PrintColorTable.cpp
 *    Description:  Print ColorTable Of Bmp Files
 *
 *        Version:  1.0
 *        Created:  03/09/2013 02:56:28 PM
 *
 *         Author:  zhy (), izualzhy@163.com
 * =====================================================================================
 */
 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "Defs.h"
using namespace std;
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    if (argc < 2)
        return -1;
 
    FILE* fp = fopen(argv[1], "r");
    if (!fp)
        return -1;
 
    BitMapFileHeader bmfHeader;
    fread(&bmfHeader, sizeof(bmfHeader), 1, fp);
 
    BitMapInfoHeader bmiHeader;
    fread(&bmiHeader, sizeof(bmiHeader), 1, fp);
 
    RGBQuad* colorTable = NULL;
    const int tableCount = pow(2, bmiHeader.biBitCount);
    switch (bmiHeader.biBitCount)
    {
        case 1:
        case 4:
        case 8:
            colorTable = (RGBQuad*)malloc(tableCount*sizeof(RGBQuad));
            break;
        case 24:
            //no colorTable;
            printf("No ColorTable For 24bits-bmp\n");
            return 0;
        default:
            printf("unrecoginzed bitsCount\n");
            return 0;
    }
 
    if (!colorTable)
    {
        printf("malloc error!\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    fread(colorTable, sizeof(RGBQuad), tableCount, fp);
    for (int i=0; i<tableCount; ++i)
    {
        printf("%02x %02x %02x %02x\n", colorTable[i].rgbBlue, colorTable[i].rgbGreen, colorTable[i].rgbRed, colorTable[i].rgbReserved);
    }
 free(colorTable);
    return 0;
}
 

可以用来打印单色位图�Q?6色位图，256色位囄��颜色表，�q�一步比较相同位不同bmp的颜色表的区别�?/p>

izualzhy 2013-03-09 15:52 发表评论