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鏉庡痙浠併閮笝杞┿鐜嬪瘑銆闆烽渾

鎽樸瑕併浠嬬粛浜嗗熀浜嶨PS涓嶨IS闆嗘垚鐨勮濺杈嗗鑸郴緇熻璁′笌瀹炵幇錛屾帰璁ㄤ簡瀵艱埅緋葷粺涓數瀛愬湴鍥劇殑絀洪棿鏁版嵁緇勭粐錛屾彁鍑轟簡GPS淇″彿涓嶨IS璺綉鏁版嵁鍖歸厤銆佸揩閫熺殑閭礬閫夋嫨銆佹渶浣寵礬寰勯夋嫨銆佸湴鍥鵑殢椹鵑┒鏂瑰悜蹇熷疄鏃舵棆杞妧鏈強璇煶鎻愮ず銆佽闊寵瘑鍒妧鏈殑浣跨敤銆?br />鍏抽敭璇嶃3S闆嗘垚;杞﹁締瀵艱埅;淇℃伅铻嶅悎;鍖歸厤;鏈浣寵礬寰?閭礬闂;璇煶璇嗗埆;蹇熸樉紺?br />鍒嗙被鍙楓P228.42錛汸208銆鏂囩尞鏍囪瘑鐮併A
鏂囩珷緙栧彿錛?000-050X(2000)03-0208-211

Vehicle聽Navigation聽System聽Design聽and聽Implementation
Based聽on聽Integration聽of聽GPS聽and聽GIS

LI聽Deren
(Presidential聽Secretarial錛學TUSM錛?29聽Luoyu聽Road,Wuhan,China,430079)
GUO聽Bingxuan銆WANG聽Mi銆LEI聽Ting
(National聽Laboratory聽for聽Information聽Engineering聽in聽Surveying,Mapping聽and聽Remote聽Sensing,WTUSM錛?29聽Luoyu聽Road,Wuhan,China,430079)

Abstract銆This聽article聽discusses聽the聽design聽and聽implementation聽of聽a聽vehicle聽navigation聽system聽(VNS),which聽is聽based聽on聽the聽joint聽technology聽of聽GPS聽and聽GIS.After聽a聽general聽systematic聽analysis聽of聽VNS,this聽article聽discusses聽the聽following聽issues:(1)The聽
outline聽design聽of聽VNS聽including聽its聽hardware,software聽and聽system聽architecture.(2)聽The聽real-time聽procedure聽of聽GPS聽signals聽and聽other聽ones,which聽involves聽signal聽receiving,data聽communication,coordinate聽transformation,as聽well聽as聽the聽processing聽of聽electric聽
compass聽signals.(3)聽The聽data聽organization聽issues.Both聽spatial聽and聽attribute聽data聽of聽roads聽network聽are聽organized聽into聽an聽integer聽model.Point聽features聽are聽also聽organized聽in聽the聽same聽way.In聽order聽to聽make聽effective聽spatial聽index聽and聽topological聽
relationship,some聽relevant聽technologies聽has聽been聽developed.Optimized聽data聽organization聽and聽multithread聽programming聽technology聽has聽made聽possible聽the聽fast聽rotation聽and聽movement聽of聽the聽map聽in聽response聽of聽GPS聽signals.Based聽on聽road聽topology,we聽develope聽a聽
fast聽algorithm聽to聽search聽best聽route.(4)The聽matching聽of聽GPS聽signal聽with聽map聽data.Normally,GPS聽coordinate聽error聽is聽around聽100聽m,which聽includes聽system聽error.We聽use聽GIS聽data聽to聽correct聽the聽systematic聽error聽and聽to聽fit聽the聽GPS聽coordinate聽into聽the聽map.In聽case聽
GPS聽signal聽is聽lost,we聽employ聽some聽algorithms聽to聽estimate聽the聽position聽of聽the聽vehicle,with聽the聽aid聽of聽other聽devices聽like聽electric聽compass.(5)聽The聽design聽and聽implementation聽of聽our聽VNS聽interface.The聽VNS聽interface聽is聽mainly聽composed聽of聽three聽views:global聽
view聽that聽presents聽the聽map聽in聽a聽normal聽mode聽and聽highlights聽the聽planned聽and聽passed聽route,a聽driver's聽view聽that聽rotates聽to聽keep聽the聽forward聽direction聽northward;and聽a聽prompt聽window聽that聽shows聽user聽guidance聽information.(6)The聽audio聽control聽part,which聽can聽
fulfill聽the聽need聽for聽man-machine聽interaction聽better聽than聽traditional聽ways聽of聽keyboard聽plus聽mouse.
Key聽words銆integration聽of聽3S;vehicle聽navigation;information聽fusion;matching;optimal聽route;post聽road聽issue;audio聽recognition;quick聽display

銆銆鏅鴻兘浜ら氱郴緇?ITS)灝嗘垚涓轟粖鍚庝氦閫氬彂灞曠殑涓昏鏂瑰悜銆備綔涓烘櫤鑳戒氦閫氱郴緇熼噸瑕佺粍鎴愰儴鍒嗙殑杞﹁締瀵艱埅鎴愪負浜嗙爺絀剁殑鐑偣銆傚鑸郴緇熷府鍔╁徃鏈洪夋嫨鏈浣寵礬寰勶紝鎻愰珮鏁堢巼錛屼負鍙告満鎻愬墠鎻愪緵閬撹礬淇℃伅錛屼緥濡傞亾璺漿寮佷氦閫氫簨鏁呮槗鍙戝尯鐨勬彁紺猴紝闄嶄綆浜ら氫簨鏁呭彂鐢熺巼銆?br />
1銆緋葷粺璁捐涓庣粍鎴?br />
銆銆鍦ㄥ鑸郴緇熶腑錛屽簲鐢℅IS緇勭粐綆$悊璺綉絀洪棿鏁版嵁鍙婂睘鎬ф暟鎹紝鍚勭鍗曚綅榪涜鍒嗙被綆$悊錛屽茍瀵孤犺礬緗戝緩绔嬫嫇鎵戝叧緋匯侴PS鎺ユ敹鏈哄疄鏃舵帴鏀跺崼鏄熶俊鍙峰茍杞崲涓哄潗鏍囦俊鎭紝涓庡湴鍥炬暟鎹繘琛屽尮閰嶃傝繖鏄竴縐嶅吀鍨嬬殑GPS涓嶨IS闆嗘垚褰㈠紡銆?br />1.1銆緋葷粺緇勬垚
銆銆緋葷粺鍖呮嫭錛氫富棰?66MHz宸ユ帶鏈轟竴鍙?甯﹀濯掍綋璁懼)銆丟PS鎺ユ敹鏈恒佺數瀛愮綏鐩樸佽濺杞閫熷櫒銆佹搷浣滅郴緇熴丟PS淇″彿澶勭悊杞歡銆丟PS涓嶨IS闆嗘垚杞歡銆佽闊寵瘑鍒蔣浠躲佺數瀛愬湴鍥劇瓑銆?br />1.2銆緋葷粺鍔熻兘
銆銆.鍦板浘鐨勬樉紺恒佺緝鏀俱佹極娓搞佸浘褰㈢殑浠繪剰鏃嬭漿錛?br />銆銆.鏌ヨ鍔熻兘錛屽睘鎬т笌鍥懼艦鐨勭浉浜掓煡璇紱
銆銆.鏈浣寵礬寰勭殑鎼滅儲銆侀偖璺殑閫夋嫨錛岄兘鍙換鎰忚緗彲緇忕敱鐐廣佷笉鍙粡鐢辯偣錛?br />銆銆.鏈浣寵礬寰勫鑸拰闅忔満瀵艱埅涓ょ瀵艱埅鏂瑰紡錛?br />銆銆.瀹炴椂鏄劇ず杞︾殑褰撳墠浣嶇疆鍜岃建榪癸紱
銆銆.GPS婕傜Щ璇樊鐨勭籂姝o紱
銆銆.褰揋PS淇″彿涓㈠け鏃訛紝鎺ㄤ及杞︾殑褰撳墠浣嶇疆錛?br />銆銆.GPS鍧愭爣涓庡湴鍥懼尮閰嶏紝椹鵑┒鏂瑰悜鐨勭‘瀹氾紝鏍規嵁椹鵑┒鏂瑰悜瀹炴椂鍦版妸鍓嶈繘鏂瑰悜璋冩暣鍒版鍖楁柟鍚戯紱
銆銆.琛岃濺閬撹礬銆佷綅緗佸埌杈劇洰鐨勫湴絳変赴瀵岀殑澹伴煶銆佹枃瀛楁彁紺猴紱
銆銆.鍙互鎽嗚劚浼犵粺鐨勯紶鏍囥侀敭鐩樿緭鍏ワ紝閲囩敤澹伴煶杈撳叆錛岃屼笖涓嶉渶瑕佸彛闊抽傚簲銆?br />
2銆GIS閮ㄥ垎涓嶨PS閮ㄥ垎鐨勬帴鍙?br />
銆銆浣跨敤DDE瀹炵幇浜咷IS杞歡涓嶨PS杞歡鐨勬帴鍙d笌閫氳錛屼嬌鐢―DE鍙嬌涓嶅悓鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忎箣闂翠氦鎹俊鎭笌鏁版嵁銆?br />2.1銆瀵笹PS淇″彿鐨勫疄鏃舵帴鏀?br />銆銆浣跨敤DDE涓嶨PS淇″彿澶勭悊杞歡閫氳錛屽疄鏃舵帴鏀禛PS淇″彿銆侱DE鏄繃紼嬩箣闂寸殑閫氳鏈哄埗(IPC)錛屽畠浣跨敤Windows娑堟伅鍜屽叡浜唴瀛橈紝浣跨浉浜掑悎浣滅殑搴旂敤紼嬪簭鑳藉浜ゆ崲鏁版嵁銆侱DE涓綔鍦ㄧ潃涓縐嶅崗璁紝鍙戦佸簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓拰鎺ユ敹搴旂敤紼嬪簭鍦ㄤ氦鎹㈡暟鎹椂蹇呴』閬靛畧榪欑鍗忚銆?br />銆銆DDE閫傜敤浜庝粠涓涓簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓埌鍙︿竴涓簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忔潵浼犻掓暟鎹紝灝ゅ叾鏄帴鏀剁▼搴忓繀欏繪搷綰墊暟鎹椂銆傜敤瀹㈡埛鏈?鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ殑鏈鏉ヨ錛屾暟鎹殑鎻愪緵灝辨槸涓涓湇鍔″櫒錛岃屾暟鎹殑鎺ユ敹鑰呭氨鏄疍DE鐨勫鎴鋒満銆傚湪DDE涓紝瀹㈡埛鏈哄簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓拰鏈嶅姟鍣ㄥ簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓繀欏婚兘鐭ラ亾鏁版嵁鏍煎紡銆傜郴緇熶嬌鐢ㄧ殑DDE瀵硅瘽鏍煎紡涓?緇?br />搴︼紝綰害錛岄熷害錛屾柟鍚戯紝楂樼▼錛屾椂闂?銆?br />2.2銆瀵笹PS淇″彿鐨勫疄鏃跺鐞?br />銆銆1)聽鎶曞獎鍙樻崲(緇忕含搴﹀潗鏍囧埌楂樻柉鍧愭爣鐨勫彉鎹?
銆銆鐢變簬GPS鎺ユ敹鏈烘帴鏀跺埌鐨勬槸緇忕含搴﹀潗鏍囷紝鍥犳錛岄鍏堝繀欏婚氳繃楂樻柉鎶曞獎灝嗗叾杞崲鎴愰珮鏂潗鏍囷紝杞崲鍏紡濡備笅錛?br />


寮忎腑錛孹B0=C0B-cosB(C1sinB+C2sin3B+C3sin5B);t=tanB;l=L-L0;N=;m0=lcosB;畏2=e2cosB;L銆丅涓鴻漿鎹㈠墠鐨勭粡綰害鍧愭爣錛泋銆亂涓鴻漿鎹㈠悗鐨勯珮鏂潗鏍囷紱L0涓烘姇褰卞甫鐨勪腑澶粡綰垮潗鏍囷紱C0銆丆1銆丆2銆丆3涓轟笌鐐逛綅鏃犲叧鑰屽彧涓庢き鐞冨弬鏁版湁鍏崇殑甯告暟銆?br />銆銆2)鍧愭爣鍙樻崲(楂樻柉鍧愭爣鍒扮數瀛愬湴鍥懼潗鏍囩殑鍙樻崲)
銆銆瀵艱埅涓殑鐢靛瓙鍦板浘鏄互鐙珛鍧愭爣緋諱負鍩哄噯鐨勶紝鍥犳錛屽繀欏誨皢鍏剁撼鍏ュ埌楂樻柉騫抽潰鐩磋鍧愭爣緋諱腑銆傜數瀛愬湴鍥劇殑鍙樺艦寰堝皬錛屽彧闇鑰冭檻騫崇Щ鍜岀緝鏀懼弬鏁幫紝鍙樻崲鍏紡涓猴細

X=xK+X0
Y=yK+Y0

3銆GIS鏁版嵁緇勭粐涓庢渶浣寵礬寰勭殑鎼滅儲

銆銆緋葷粺閲囩敤GeoStar緇勭粐搴曞眰鏁版嵁銆侴eoStar鍏鋒湁鍥懼艦灞炴т竴浣撳寲鍏堣繘鏁版嵁綆$悊妯″瀷銆侀潰鍚戝璞$殑鏁版嵁緇勭粐絳変紭鐐廣?br />3.1銆鍥懼艦鐨勫垎灞?br />銆銆鍥懼艦閮ㄥ垎鍒嗕負3灞傦細(1)聽搴曞浘閮ㄥ垎銆傚寘鎷渤嫻併佹箹娉娿佸緩絳戠墿絳夊熀紜淇℃伅銆?2)聽璺綉銆傛妸璺綉鍒嗙駭綆$悊錛屼緥濡備富騫查亾銆佹騫查亾絳夛紝騫跺姩鎬佸緩绔嬫嫇鎵戝叧緋匯?3)聽浼佷簨涓氬崟浣嶃傚垎涓?澶х被綆$悊錛屽寘鎷暀鑲層佸厷鏀挎満鍏熾侀摱琛屻佸棣嗐佸晢鍦虹瓑銆?br />3.2銆璺綉鎷撴墤鍏崇郴鐨勫緩绔?br />銆銆鍦ㄨ礬緗戠殑鏁板妯″瀷涓紝鍙渶瑕佺敤鍒扮粨鐐逛笌緇撶偣浠ュ強閬撹礬鐨勮繛閫氭э紝鍗崇粨鐐逛笌緇撶偣浠ュ強綰挎涔嬮棿鐨勬嫇鎵戝叧緋匯傜瑪鑰呴亶鍘嗚礬緗戞暟鎹緩绔嬩簡榪欑鎷撴墤鍏崇郴鏁版嵁錛屽茍鎸夌収鏈浣寵礬寰勭畻娉曠殑瑕佹眰瀵硅繖縐嶆暟鎹寜緇撶偣鐨勭紪鍙瘋繘琛屼簡鎺掑簭銆?br />銆銆鑰冭檻鍒板煄甯傞亾璺綉鏇存柊鐨勯熷害鐩稿杈冨揩錛岀瑪鑰呴噰鐢ㄤ簡鍔ㄦ佹柟寮忓緩绔嬭礬緗戞嫇鎵戝叧緋伙紝鍗崇郴緇熷湪姣忔鍚姩鏃舵嫻嬭礬緗戞暟鎹?鑻ュ彂鐜拌礬緗戞暟鎹凡緇忓彉鍔紝灝遍噸寤烘嫇鎵戝叧緋匯傝繖鏍鳳紝灝變笉瑕佹眰鍦ㄧ郴緇熷惎鍔ㄤ箣鍓嶉鍏堝緩绔嬫嫇鎵戝叧緋匯?br />3.3銆鏈浣寵礬寰勬悳绱?br />銆銆璁$畻鏈浣寵礬寰勬椂錛岄噰鐢ㄧ粡鍏稿浘璁轟腑鐨凞ijstra綆楁硶錛屼篃縐版爣鍙鋒硶銆侱ijstra綆楁硶鎶婄粨鐐規爣璁頒負涓存椂鎬х殑T鏍囧彿鐐瑰拰鏈緇堥夊畾鐨凱鏍囧彿鐐癸紝騫舵妸璧風偣浣滀負絎竴涓狿鏍囧彿鐐癸紝鐒跺悗鎸夌収鏈鐭礬寰勭殑鍘熷垯閫愪釜閫夊嚭T鏍囧彿鐐逛腑鐨凱鏍囧彿鐐癸紝騫舵寜P鏍囧彿鐐規墿灞昑鏍囧彿鐐歸泦錛岀洿鍒扮洰鏍囩偣(鎴栨墍鏈夌殑鐐?琚爣涓篜鏍?br />鍙風偣銆備粠璧風偣鍒扮粓鐐圭殑P鏍囧彿鐐瑰簭鍒楀氨浠h〃浜嗘墍姹傜殑鏈浣寵礬寰勩?br />銆銆涓轟簡鎶奃ijstra綆楁硶鐢ㄤ簬瀹為檯鐨勯亾璺綉涓紝絎旇呰繘琛屼簡涓浜涜ˉ鍏咃紝鍔犲叆浜嗗鍥為伩鐐圭殑澶勭悊銆傚嵆鑳藉鍦ㄨ綆楁渶浣寵礬寰勬椂錛岄伩寮鎸囧畾鐨勫洖閬跨偣銆傚彟澶栵紝涔熷璧風偣鍜岀粓鐐規槸綰挎鍐呯偣鐨勬儏鍐佃繘琛屼簡澶勭悊錛屼嬌璺涓棿鐨勭偣涔熻兘琚変負璧風偣銆佺粓鐐規垨鍥為伩鐐廣?br />銆銆鐢變簬鍩庡競閬撹礬姣旇緝澶嶆潅錛岃礬緗戞暟鎹殑鏁版嵁閲忓緢澶э紝鍥犳錛屼負浜嗘彁楂樻悳绱㈡椂闂達紝榪橀噰鐢ㄤ簡騫垮害浼樺厛鐨勬悳绱㈡硶錛屽嵆鍏堝湪涓瀹氶檺鍒舵悳绱㈣寖鍥村唴鎼滅儲璺緞錛岀劧鍚庨愭鎵╁ぇ榪欎竴鑼冨洿錛岀洿鍒版壘鍒版渶浣寵礬寰勩?br />銆銆鍦ㄩ亾璺綉涓紝閫氬父浠ヨ礬寰勬婚暱鏈鐭負璺緞鐨勬渶浣蟲爣鍑嗭紝浣嗕篃鍙互閫夋嫨鍍忚礬瀹姐佽濺嫻侀噺銆佽濺閫熼檺鍒剁瓑鍥犵礌浣滀負鍒ゆ柇鍥犲瓙銆備緥濡傦紝鍙互鐢ㄨ礬孌甸暱搴﹂櫎浠ラ亾璺搴︿綔涓哄垽鏂爣鍑嗭紝鍦ㄨ繖縐嶆爣鍑嗕笅閫夊嚭鐨勬渶浣寵礬寰勫氨鍙互閬垮紑閭d簺杈冪獎鐨勮礬孌點?br />
4銆GPS鍧愭爣涓庢暟瀛楀湴鍥懼尮閰?br />
銆銆鏈郴緇熶互GPS淇″彿鍜屽凡鏈夌殑鏁板瓧鍦板浘涓哄鑸緷鎹?br />銆銆SA鎶鏈嬌GPS瀹氫綅璇樊綰︿負100m錛岃濺杈嗗湪琛岄┒榪囩▼涓竴鑸笉浼氳劚紱婚亾璺傛牴鎹瓽PS寰楀埌鐨勫畾浣嶇粨鏋滐紝鍒╃敤鏁板瓧鍦板浘瀛樺偍鐨勯亾璺暟鎹紝鎸夌収涓瀹氱畻娉曞皢杞﹁締浣嶇疆寮哄埗鎬ч檮鍚堝埌閬撹礬涓婏紝鍏剁畻娉曞涓嬶細
銆銆1)聽鍦ㄨ窛鐢盙PS寰楀埌鐨勫畾浣嶇偣100m鑼冨洿鍐咃紝鎼滅儲閬撹礬錛?br />銆銆2)聽閬撹礬鐨勬柟鍚戣涓嶨PS淇″彿鐨勬柟鍚戜竴鑷達紱
銆銆3)聽GPS寰楀埌鐨勫綋鍓嶅畾浣嶇粨鏋滀笌涓婁竴鐐瑰緱鍒扮殑瀹氫綅緇撴灉闂寸殑璺濈闄や互鏃墮棿闂撮殧涓嶅彲鑳藉ぇ浜庢苯杞﹂檺閫?200km/h)錛屽惁鍒欒涓烘槸綺楀樊錛?br />銆銆4)聽鎶奊PS璇樊鍒嗚В涓哄鉤琛岄亾璺柟鍚戝拰鍨傜洿閬撹礬鏂瑰悜錛屽瀭鐩撮亾璺柟鍚戣宸氳繃鏁板瓧鍦板浘寰楀埌娑堥櫎錛?br />銆銆5)聽褰揋PS淇″彿涓㈠け鏃訛紝鏍規嵁姹借濺鐨勬渶榪戜綅緗侀熷害鍙婃柟鍚戯紝鎺ㄤ及姹借濺褰撳墠鐨勪綅緗佹柟鍚戙?br />銆銆鍦ㄥ煄甯傛湁浜涘湴孌電殑楂樺眰寤虹瓚銆佽礬杈規爲鏈ㄣ佺珛浜ゆˉ絳夐殰紕嶇墿鍙兘閬尅鍗槦淇″彿錛屼嬌GPS鎺ユ敹鏈轟笉鑳借窡韙埌瓚沖澶氱殑鍗槦錛岄犳垚杈冮暱涓孌墊椂闂碐PS淇″彿涓㈠け錛岄噰鐢ㄨ濺杞閫熷櫒銆佺數瀛愮綏鐩樺彲浠ュ噯紜湴榪涜杞﹁締浣嶇疆鎺ㄤ及銆?br />
5銆緋葷粺鐣岄潰聽

銆銆鏁翠釜緋葷粺鐣岄潰鍒嗘垚3涓獥鍙o紝鍏朵腑鍖呮嫭涓涓俊鎭彁紺虹獥鍙e拰涓や釜鍥懼艦紿楀彛銆備袱涓浘褰㈢獥鍙f槸鍏ㄥ眬瑙嗙獥鍜岄┚椹跺憳瑙嗙獥錛屽鍥?鎵紺恒?br />


鍥?銆杞﹁澆瀵艱埅緋葷粺鐣岄潰
Fig.1銆Interface聽of聽Mobile聽Navigating聽System

銆銆1)淇℃伅鎻愮ず紿楀彛錛氭彁紺哄綋鍓嶆苯杞﹁椹惰閬撳悕縐般佹苯杞﹀綋鍓嶄綅緗佹苯杞﹀凡琛岄┒閲岀▼鏁般佸凡琛岄┒閲岀▼鍗犲叏紼嬬殑鐧懼垎姣旂瓑淇℃伅銆?br />銆銆2)鍏ㄥ眬瑙嗙獥錛氭寜鐓ф櫘閫氭柟寮忔樉紺哄湴鍥炬暟鎹紝鏄劇ず鏈浣寵礬寰勫拰杞﹁締杞ㄨ抗錛岀敤鎴峰彲鍦ㄥ叾涓畬鎴愰夋嫨璺緞鐨勫伐浣溿?br />銆銆3)椹鵑┒鍛樿紿楋細榪欐槸涓涓棆杞獥鍙o紝紿楀彛鍐呭湴鍥懼緇堟寜鐓ч┚椹跺憳鍧愭爣緋繪樉紺哄浘褰紝鍗蟲苯杞﹁椹舵柟鍚戝緇堝悜涓娿?br />銆銆鍦ㄥ叏灞瑙嗙獥鍜岄┚椹跺憳瑙嗙獥鍐呴兘鍙疄鐜板浘褰㈢殑蹇熴佸疄鏃剁緝鏀俱佹極娓搞?br />銆銆緋葷粺鏈浣寵礬寰勯夋嫨鏈変袱縐嶆柟寮忥細鈶犵敤榧犳爣鍦ㄥ浘褰㈢獥鍙e唴閫夋嫨鍙粡鐢辯偣涓庝笉鍙粡鐢辯偣錛屾眰寰楁渶浣寵礬寰勩傗憽閫氳繃鐐圭姸鍦扮墿鍚嶇О閫夋嫨鍙粡鐢辯偣涓庝笉鍙粡鐢辯偣錛屾眰寰楁渶浣寵礬寰勩備笂榪頒袱縐嶆柟寮忎篃鍙粨鍚堣搗鏉ラ夋嫨鏈浣寵礬寰勩?br />
6銆緇撱璁?br />
銆銆緋葷粺闄や簡鍙氳繃甯歌榧犳爣閿洏杈撳叆涔嬪錛岃冭檻鍒伴┚椹跺憳椹鵑┒姹借濺鏃墮渶瑕侀泦涓簿鍔涳紝榪樺彲鐢ㄦ棤榧犳爣閿洏鐨勫0闊寵緭鍏ワ紝椹鵑┒鍛橀氳繃澹伴煶瀹屾垚緋葷粺鐨勫叏閮ㄥ熀鏈搷浣溿傚叿浣撳疄鐜版槸鍦ㄤ嬌鐢ㄥ晢鐢ㄨ闊寵瘑鍒蔣浠跺熀紜涓婅繘琛屼簩嬈″紑鍙戙偮?br />6.1銆鎶鏈礬綰跨殑鍙鎬?br />銆銆GPS鎺ユ敹鏈恒佹暟瀛楀湴鍥俱佺數瀛愮綏鐩樸佽濺杞閫熷櫒銆佹苯杞︺佽蔣浠剁粍鎴愮殑瀵艱埅緋葷粺鍦ㄥ煄甯傚湴鍖烘槸鍙鐨勩備互GPS鎺ユ敹鏈轟負涓伙紝鐢靛瓙緗楃洏銆佽濺杞閫熷櫒璧瘋ˉ鍏呬綔鐢紱鏁板瓧鍦板浘鎻愪緵鍩虹GIS淇℃伅錛屽茍鍙互綰犳GPS婕傜Щ璇樊銆?br />銆銆鍙﹀錛屾垚鍔熷湴寮曞叆浜嗚闊寵瘑鍒妧鏈備負姝わ紝絎旇呮妸緋葷粺鐨勫熀鏈搷浣滃綊緇撲負涓婄櫨鏉″懡浠わ紝鐢ㄦ埛鎸囦護鍦ㄤ笂鐧炬潯鍛戒護涓悳绱紝鎻愰珮浜嗚瘑鍒晥鐜囥備笉闇璁粌灝卞彲閫氳繃澹伴煶鎺у埗緋葷粺錛屽疄鐜版棤榧犳爣銆侀敭鐩樼殑浜烘満浜や簰銆?br />6.2銆鏈夊緟瑙e喅鐨勯棶棰?br />銆銆(1)涓庤礬鍐電洃嫻嬬郴緇熺殑闆嗘垚銆傚湪琛楅亾涓婅椹舵椂錛岄渶瑕佺煡閬撳綋鍓嶅悇璺浜ら氱殑鐣呴氭儏鍐碉紝浠ヤ究緇欑敤鎴風湡姝g殑鈥滄渶浣寵礬寰勨濄?br />銆銆(2)鍩虹閬撹礬鏁版嵁鐨勬洿鏂般傚煄甯傚湪涓嶆柇鍦板彂灞曞彉鍖栵紝鍩庡競璺綉涔熷湪鍙樺寲錛岀郴緇熸墍鐢ㄧ殑鏁板瓧鍦板浘闇瑕佸疄鏃舵洿鏂幫紝濡備綍瀹炴椂鏇存柊GIS鏁版嵁搴撻渶瑕佽繘涓姝ユ帰璁ㄣ?br />銆銆(3)閬撹礬緗戞暟鎹ā鍨嬬殑鏀硅繘銆傚煄甯備氦閫氳鏂戒腑瀛樺湪璁稿绔嬩氦妗ャ佸崟鍚戣濺閬擄紝濡備綍鍦ㄥ熀紜璺綉鏁版嵁涓〃杈劇珛浜ゆˉ錛岄渶瑕佽繘涓姝ユ敼榪涙暟鎹ā鍨嬶紝瀹屾暣鍦拌〃杈鵑亾璺殑鎷撴墤鍏崇郴銆?br />銆銆绔嬩氦妗ヤ笉鑳戒綔涓虹偣鏉ヨ〃紺猴紝搴斾綔涓衡滃瓙鍥鋸濇潵澶勭悊銆傚鐞嗕笉鍚屽搴︺佷笉鍚屼氦閫氭嫢鎸ょ姸鍐電殑璺錛屼竴鑸姞鏉冨鐞嗭紝濡備綍紜畾鏉冨間篃闇榪涗竴姝ユ帰璁ㄣ?br />銆銆(4)鍦ㄥ疄闄呭簲鐢ㄤ腑錛屾ā緋婃煡璇㈤潪甯擱噸瑕侊紝鍥犳闇瑕佽繘涓姝ュ寮烘ā緋婁俊鎭殑褰曞叆銆佺鐞嗘煡璇㈠姛鑳姐?br />
鍥藉鑷劧縐戝鍩洪噾閲嶇偣璧勫姪欏圭洰錛岀紪鍙?9631050銆?br />鏉庡痙浠侊紝鐢鳳紝60宀侊紝鏁欐巿錛屽崥澹敓瀵煎笀錛屼腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌闄㈠+錛屼腑鍥藉伐紼嬮櫌闄㈠+錛屾浜氱瀛﹂櫌闄㈠+銆傜幇涓昏浠庝簨浠ラ仴鎰熴佸叏鐞冨畾浣嶇郴緇熷拰鍦扮悊淇℃伅緋葷粺涓轟唬琛ㄧ殑絀洪棿淇℃伅縐戝涓庢妧鏈殑縐戠爺鍜屾暀瀛﹀伐浣溿備唬琛ㄦ垚鏋滐細楂樼簿搴︽憚褰辨祴閲忓畾浣嶇悊璁轟笌鏂規硶銆丟PS絀轟腑涓夎嫻嬮噺銆丼POT鍗槦鍍忕墖瑙f瀽澶勭悊銆佹暟
瀛﹀艦鎬佸鍙婂叾鍦ㄦ祴閲忔暟鎹簱涓殑搴旂敤銆侀潰鍚戝璞$殑GIS鐞嗚涓庢妧鏈佸獎鍍忕悊瑙e強鍍忕墖鑷姩瑙h瘧浠ュ強澶氬獟浣撻氫俊絳夈傚凡鍙戣〃璁烘枃220浣欑瘒銆?br />LI聽Deren,male,60,professor,Ph.D聽supervisor,member聽of聽the聽Chinese聽Academy聽of聽Sciences,member聽of聽the聽Chinese聽Academy聽of聽Engineering,member聽of聽the聽Euro-Asia聽International聽Academy聽of聽Sciences.He聽is聽concentrated聽on聽the聽research聽and聽education聽in聽spatial聽
information聽science聽and聽technology聽represented聽by聽remote聽sensing聽(RS),global聽positioning聽system聽(GPS)聽and聽geographic聽information聽system聽(GIS).He聽has聽made聽unique聽and聽original聽contribution聽in聽the聽areas聽of聽theories聽and聽methods聽for聽high聽precision聽
photogrammetric聽positioning,GPS聽aerotriangulation,analysis聽and聽processing聽of聽SPOT聽imagery,mathematical聽morphology聽and聽its聽application聽in聽spatial聽databases,theories聽of聽object-oriented聽GIS,image聽understanding聽and聽automatic聽photointerpretation,multi-media聽
communication聽and聽mobile聽mapping聽systems,etc.The聽research聽findings聽have聽promoted聽the聽progress聽of聽the聽technology聽directly聽and聽are聽being聽turned聽into聽products.He聽published聽papers聽are聽more聽than聽220.
E-mail:dli@wtusm.edu.cn
浣滆呭崟浣嶏細鏉庡痙浠侊紙姝︽眽嫻嬬粯縐戞妧澶у鏍¢暱鍔炲叕瀹わ紝姝︽眽甯傜彏鍠昏礬129鍙鳳紝430079錛?br />銆銆銆銆銆閮笝杞╋紙姝︽眽嫻嬬粯縐戞妧澶у嫻嬬粯閬ユ劅淇℃伅宸ョ▼鍥藉閲嶇偣瀹為獙瀹わ紝姝︽眽甯傜彏鍠昏礬129鍙鳳紝430079錛?br />銆銆銆銆銆鐜嬪瘑錛堟姹夋祴緇樼鎶澶у嫻嬬粯閬ユ劅淇℃伅宸ョ▼鍥藉閲嶇偣瀹為獙瀹わ紝姝︽眽甯傜彏鍠昏礬129鍙鳳紝430079錛?br />銆銆銆銆銆闆烽渾錛堟姹夋祴緇樼鎶澶у嫻嬬粯閬ユ劅淇℃伅宸ョ▼鍥藉閲嶇偣瀹為獙瀹わ紝姝︽眽甯傜彏鍠昏礬129鍙鳳紝430079錛?br />
鍙傘鑰冦鏂囥鐚?br />
錛?錛芥潕寰蜂粊錛岄練鍋ラ泤錛岃竟棣ヨ嫇錛岀瓑.鍦扮悊淇℃伅緋葷粺瀵艱.鍖椾含錛氭祴緇樺嚭鐗堢ぞ錛?993
錛?錛藉垬鍩轟綑錛屾潕寰佽埅錛岀帇璺冭檸錛岀瓑.鍏ㄧ悆瀹氫綅緋葷粺鍘熺悊鍙婂叾搴旂敤.鍖椾含錛氭祴緇樺嚭鐗堢ぞ錛?993
錛?錛介檲灝忔槑.聽楂樼簿搴PS鍔ㄦ佸畾浣嶇殑鐞嗚涓庡疄璺碉細錛誨浣嶈鏂囷冀.聽姝︽眽錛氭姹夋祴緇樼鎶澶у錛?997

鏀剁ǹ鏃ユ湡錛?999-11-18


Jeff-Chen 2006-04-26 16:42 鍙戣〃璇勮
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涓夌淮GIS鐨勫熀鏈棶棰樻帰璁?/title><link>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/articles/6327.html</link><dc:creator>Jeff-Chen</dc:creator><author>Jeff-Chen</author><pubDate>Wed, 26 Apr 2006 08:19:00 GMT</pubDate><guid>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/articles/6327.html</guid><wfw:comment>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/comments/6327.html</wfw:comment><comments>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/articles/6327.html#Feedback</comments><slash:comments>0</slash:comments><wfw:commentRss>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/comments/commentRss/6327.html</wfw:commentRss><trackback:ping>http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/services/trackbacks/6327.html</trackback:ping><description><![CDATA[ <p align="center"> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="5"> <strong>涓夌淮GIS鐨勫熀鏈棶棰樻帰璁?/strong> </font> </p> <p align="center"> <img height="94" src="http://www.gisforum.net/maindoc/simchin/gisforum/thesis/thesis68.gif" width="369" border="0" /> </p> <center> </center> <p align="left"> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3">聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽</font> <font 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/>銆銆鈼忋鐢變簬涓夌淮GIS棣栧厛瑕佸皢鍦扮悊鏁版嵁鍙樹負鍙鐨勫湴鐞嗕俊鎭紝鍥犳浜轟滑涓鏂歸潰浠庝笁緇村彲瑙嗗寲棰嗗煙鍚戜笁緇碐IS緋葷粺鎵╁睍錛岃繖涓鐐瑰悓鏃╂湡鐨勪簩緇碐IS鏉ユ簮浜庤綆楁満鍒跺浘綆$悊涓鏍鳳紝鏄粠鍙鍖栬搴﹀嚭鍙戠殑[2][3][4]銆?br />銆銆鈼忋鍙︿竴鏂歸潰錛孏IS闇瑕佸瓨鍌ㄥ拰綆$悊澶ч噺鐨勭┖闂翠俊鎭拰灞炴т俊鎭紝鍥犳鍙︿竴閮ㄥ垎浜轟粠鏁版嵁搴撶殑瑙掑害鍑哄彂鍚戜笁緇碐IS鍙戝睍錛屼粠鍟嗙敤鏁版嵁搴撳悜闈炴爣鍑嗗簲鐢ㄩ鍩熸墿灞曪紝灝嗕笁緇寸┖闂翠俊鎭殑綆$悊铻嶅叆RDBMS涓紝鎴栨槸浠庡簳灞傚紑鍙戝叏鏂扮殑闈㈠悜絀洪棿鐨凮ODBMS, 濡侴ODOT[5]錛孏eoO2[6]錛孏EO++[7]錛孲mallWorld GIS銆備竴涓柊鐨勫彂灞曟柟鍚戞槸灝嗕笁緇村彲瑙嗗寲涓庝笁緇寸┖闂村璞$鐞嗚棔鍚堣搗鏉ワ紝褰㈡垚闆嗘垚緋葷粺銆?br />銆銆錛?錛変笁緇碐IS鐩稿叧杞歡鍙戝睍姒傚喌<br />銆銆浣嗘槸榪勪粖涓烘錛岀洰鍓嶅浗闄呭浗鍐呰繕娌℃湁涓涓垚鐔熷畬鏁寸殑涓夌淮GIS緋葷粺錛屼笌涓夌淮GIS鐩稿叧鐨勭郴緇熷ぇ澶氶泦涓湪涓夌淮鍙鍖栨柟闈紝濡侲VS錛孷is5D錛孷oxel錛屽尰瀛﹀彲瑙嗗寲鍙婂悇縐岰AD杞歡絳夛紝涔熸湁涓浜涗笁緇寸郴緇熼儴鍒嗗疄鐜頒笁緇碐IS鐨勫姛鑳斤紝姣旇緝鏈夊悕鐨勮蔣浠舵湁錛歀YNX錛?IVM錛圛nteractive Volume Modeling錛夛紝 GOCAD錛?I/EMS錛孲GM絳塠8][9]銆?br /><br /></font> <b> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3">1.2 涓夌淮GIS鏁版嵁妯″瀷鍜屾暟鎹粨鏋?/font> </b> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br 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/>銆銆鍥藉唴鏉庢竻娉変篃鍋氳繃杈冧負緋葷粺鐨勪笁緇碐IS鐮旂┒[9]銆備粬浠ュ叓鍙夋爲鍜屼笉瑙勫垯鍥涢潰浣撲負鍩虹鎻愬嚭浜嗕笁緇碐IS鐨勬販鍚堟暟鎹ā鍨嬨備互鏍呮牸緇撴瀯鐨勫叓鍙夋爲浣滀負瀵硅薄鎻忚堪鐨勬諱綋妗嗘灦錛屾帶鍒跺璞$┖闂寸殑瀹忚鍒嗗竷錛屼互鐭㈤噺緇撴瀯鐨勪笉瑙勫垯鍥涢潰浣撴弿榪板彉鍖栧墽鐑堢殑灞閮ㄥ尯鍩燂紝杈冧負綺劇‘鍦拌〃杈劇粏紕庨儴鍒嗭紝騫跺皢榪欎袱縐嶆ā鍨嬭繘琛屾湁鏈哄湴緇撳悎銆傝繖縐嶆販鍚堟ā鍨嬫槸涓縐嶇煝閲忔爡鏍間笁緇寸粨鍚堢殑鏈夌泭灝濊瘯錛屽湪涓浜涙儏鍐典笅姣旇緝鍚堥傦紝浣嗚繕闇瑕佸叾瀹冭〃杈炬ā鍨嬬殑琛ュ厖錛屼互鎻愰珮琛ㄨ揪銆佽闂拰鎿嶄綔鐨勬晥鐜囥?br />銆銆浣滆呰涓猴紝鐢變簬鍦板瀵硅薄璧嬪瓨褰㈡佸悇寮傦紝鍗冨彉涓囧寲錛屽悇縐嶆ā鍨嬪張閮芥湁鍏朵紭緙虹偣錛屽洜姝や負涓夌淮GIS琛ㄨ揪鍜屽垎鏋愭湇鍔$殑鍚勭鏁版嵁妯″瀷鍜屾暟鎹粨鏋勮璁★紝搴斿綋閽堝涓嶅悓鐨勬暟鎹幏鍙栨柟寮忋佸湴瀛﹀璞℃湰韜殑澶ц嚧褰㈡佸拰涓昏鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ洰鐨勮璁′笉鍚岀殑鏁版嵁妯″瀷涓庣粨鏋刐29]銆備互姝ゅ皢鍚勭妯″瀷鐨勯暱澶勫厖鍒嗗彂鎸ワ紝榪涗竴姝ユ彁楂樹笁緇碐IS琛ㄨ揪鍜屽垎鏋愮殑鏁堢巼銆?br /><br /></font> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3"> <b>1.3 涓夌淮絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽</b> </font> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆鍦ㄤ笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愭柟闈㈠仛寰楄緝澶氱殑鏄綆楁満鍥懼艦瀛﹂鍩熼噷鐨勫伐浣滆咃紝浣嗕粬浠殑宸ヤ綔寰寰鍋忛噸浜庡嚑浣曞浘褰笌綆楁硶鎬ц兘錛屼緥濡傝竟鐣岃拷韙嫻媅30]~[32]銆侀偦灞呭鎵綶33][34]錛屽緢灝戣冭檻涓哄湴瀛︾洰鐨勬湇鍔$殑鍒嗘瀽銆傚湴瀛﹂鍩熸浘鏈変漢鍦ㄤ笁緇村湴璐ㄨ〃闈㈡ā鎷熶腑鎻愬嚭榪囦笁緇磋竟鐣屾悳绱㈢畻娉昜35]錛屼絾鍏剁畻娉曡緝涓哄鏉傘備綔鑰呮浘鎻愬嚭榪囩粨鏋勮緝涓虹畝鍗曠殑閭誨煙瀵繪壘綆楁硶[36]錛岃兘鍦ㄧ嚎鎬у洓鍙夋爲鍜岀嚎鎬у叓鍙夋爲涓洿鎺ョ‘瀹氬崟鍏冪殑閭誨眳銆備笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愪腑榪樻湁寰堝鐮旂┒宸ヤ綔瑕佸仛錛屼緥濡備笁緇存嫇鎵戝叧緋葷殑鎻忚堪涓庢瀯閫狅紝涓夌淮鏌ヨ涓庣粺璁″垎鏋愮瓑錛屾湁寰呬簬榪涗竴姝ョ殑鐮旂┒銆?br /><br /></font> <b> <font face="榛戜綋" size="4">2.涓夌淮GIS鐨勫畾涔夈佺壒鐐瑰強鍔熻兘</font> </b> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br /> <br /> </font> <b> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3">2.1 涓夌淮GIS鐨勫畾涔?br />銆銆</font> </b> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3">浠庝笉鍚岀殑瑙掑害鍑哄彂錛孏IS鏈変笁縐嶅畾涔夛細鈶犲熀浜庡伐鍏風鐨勫畾涔夛紝璁や負GIS鏄竴涓粠鐜板疄涓栫晫閲囬泦銆佸瓨璐佽漿鎹€佹樉紺虹┖闂存暟鎹殑宸ュ叿闆嗗悎錛涒憽鏁版嵁搴撳畾涔夛紝璁や負GIS鏄竴涓暟鎹簱緋葷粺錛屽湪鏁版嵁搴撻噷鐨勫ぇ澶氭暟鏁版嵁鑳借绱㈠紩鍜屾搷浣滐紝浠ュ洖絳斿悇縐嶅悇鏍風殑闂錛涒憿鍩轟簬緇勭粐鏈烘瀯鐨勫畾涔夛紝璁や負GIS鏄竴涓姛鑳介泦鍚堬紝鑳藉瀛樿串銆佹绱€佹搷浣滃拰鏄劇ず鍦扮悊鏁版嵁錛屾槸涓涓泦鏁版嵁搴撱佷笓瀹跺拰鎸佺畫緇忔祹鏀寔鐨勬満鏋勫洟浣撳拰緇勭粐緇撴瀯錛屾彁渚涜В鍐崇幆澧冮棶棰樼殑鍚勭鍐崇瓥鏀寔銆傚熀浜庡伐鍏風鐨勫畾涔夊己璋冨鍦扮悊鏁版嵁鐨勫悇縐嶆搷浣滐紝鍩轟簬鏁版嵁搴撶殑瀹氫箟寮鴻皟鐢ㄦ潵澶勭悊絀洪棿鏁版嵁鐨勬暟鎹粍緇囩殑宸紓錛岃屽熀浜庣粍緇囩殑瀹氫箟寮鴻皟鏈烘瀯鍜屼漢鍦ㄥ鐞嗙┖闂翠俊鎭笂鐨勪綔鐢紝鑰屼笉鏄粬浠渶瑕佺殑宸ュ叿鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ?br />銆銆TURNER璁や負鈥淕eographical Information System鈥濅富瑕佺敤鏉ュ尯鍒嗙函綺圭殑浜岀淮GIS涓庝笁緇碐IS[2]錛屼負寮鴻皟鍦ㄤ笁緇翠換鍔″鍦拌川鎴栧湴璨屽簲鐢ㄤ笂鐨勬墿灞曪紝浜轟滑鍒涢犱簡鏈鈥淕eoscientific Information System鈥?GSIS)[28]銆傚悗鏉ヨ繖涓瘝琚慨鏀逛負涓涓緝鍐欏艦寮忊淕eo-Information System鈥?GIS)[24][28]銆備負鍖哄垎涓夌淮GIS涓庣幇浠婁笘鐣屼笂姣旇緝鎴愮啛鐨勬祦琛岀殑鍚勭浜岀淮鍟嗕笟GIS錛岃繖閲屽懼悜浜嶣REUNIG鐨勮鐐筟28]錛岀敤GIS鎸囦唬鈥淕eo-Information System鈥濓紝璁や負涓夌淮GIS鏄竷婊℃暣涓笁緇寸┖闂寸殑GIS錛屼笌浼犵粺鐨勫熀浜庡鉤闈㈢殑浜岀淮GIS鎴?.5緇碐IS鏄庢樉涓嶅悓錛屽挨鍏朵綋鐜板湪絀洪棿浣嶇疆涓庢嫇鎵戝叧緋葷殑鎻忚堪鍙婄┖闂村垎鏋愮殑浼稿睍鏂瑰悜涓娿?br />銆銆涓夌淮GIS鍔犱笂鏃墮棿緇存柟闈㈢殑澶勭悊鍗充負鍥涚淮GIS銆?br /><br /></font> <b> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3">2.2 涓夌淮GIS鐨勭壒鐐?/font> </b> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆鍦ㄤ笁緇碐IS涓紝絀洪棿鐩爣閫氳繃X銆乊銆乑涓変釜鍧愭爣杞存潵瀹氫箟錛屽畠涓庝簩緇碐IS涓畾涔夊湪浜岀淮騫抽潰涓婄殑鐩爣鍏鋒湁瀹屽叏涓嶅悓鐨勬ц川銆傚湪鐩墠浜岀淮GIS涓凡瀛樺湪鐨?錛?錛?緇寸┖闂磋绱犲繀欏昏繘琛屼笁緇存墿灞曪紝鍦ㄥ嚑浣曡〃紺轟腑澧炲姞涓夌淮淇℃伅錛屽悓鏃跺鍔犱笁緇磋绱犳潵琛ㄧず浣撶洰鏍嘯9]銆傜┖闂寸洰鏍囬氳繃涓夌淮鍧愭爣瀹氫箟浣垮緱絀洪棿鍏崇郴涔熶笉鍚屼簬浜岀淮GIS錛屽叾澶嶆潅紼嬪害鏇撮珮銆備簩緇碐IS瀵逛簬騫抽潰絀洪棿鐨勬湁闄?浜掓枼-瀹屾暣鍒掑垎鏄熀浜庨潰鐨勫垝鍒嗭紝涓夌淮GIS瀵逛簬涓夌淮絀洪棿鐨勬湁闄?浜掓枼-瀹屾暣鍒掑垎鍒欐槸鍩轟簬浣撶殑鍒掑垎錛屽洜鑰岋紝閫氳繃鍒嗘瀽鍩轟簬錛堝崟涓錛変綋鍒掑垎鐨勪笁緇寸煝閲忕粨鏋凣IS鍑犱綍鎴愬垎涔嬮棿鐨勬嫇鎵戝叧緋伙紝鏉庨潚鍏冩彁鍑轟簲緇勭畝鍖栫殑鎷撴墤鍏崇郴[37]銆備笁緇碐IS鐨勫彲瑙嗚〃鐜頒篃姣斾簩緇碐IS澶嶆潅寰楀錛屼互鑷翠簬鍑虹幇浜嗕笓闂ㄧ殑涓夌淮鍙鍖栫悊璁恒佺畻娉曞拰緋葷粺銆?br 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size="3"> <br />銆銆涓婅堪宸叉湁鐨勭爺絀舵垚鏋滃彧鏄笁緇碐IS棰嗗煙鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎錛岀敱浜庝笁緇碐IS娑夊強鐨勪笓涓氶鍩熷緢騫匡紝闅忕潃搴旂敤鐨勬繁鍏ワ紝瀹冭繕鏈夊緢澶氶棶棰橀渶瑕佽В鍐熾侹ELK鏇劇粡鎻忚堪榪囦笁緇村湴瀛︽ā鎷熼潰涓寸殑闂錛氬鏉傜殑絀洪棿鍏崇郴錛涗笉瀹規槗鎵懼埌璞″尰瀛﹂鍩熼偅鏍鋒槗浜庘滆В鍓栤濈殑鍦板瀵硅薄錛涚█鐤忕殑銆侀殢鏈虹殑涓嶅厖瓚崇殑閲囨牱鏁版嵁錛涙潵鑷簬閬ユ劅鐨勯紺烘ф垨妯$硦鎬ф暟鎹殑姣斾緥灝哄お灝忥紱鍏呰凍閲囨牱鏁版嵁鐨勮幏寰楅渶瑕佹槀璐電殑浠d環錛涘博鐭沖潡鍐呭博鎬у彉鍖栬緝澶э紱鏃墮棿鍜屽湴璐ㄨ繃紼嬬殑鍔ㄦ佹湰璐╗24]銆傛牴鎹凡鏈夌殑鐭ヨ瘑鍜岀粡楠岋紝浣滆呰涓哄綋鍓嶄笁緇碐IS鍙戝睍闇瑕佽В鍐沖涓嬪叧閿棶棰橈細<br /><br /></font>銆銆<font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3">錛?錛?涓夌淮鏁版嵁瀹炴椂寤変環鑾峰彇<br />銆銆KELK鏇炬妸涓夌淮鍦板鏁版嵁鑾峰彇浣滀負鍑犱釜涓昏鐨勫洶闅句箣涓錛屸滀竴鑸儏鍐典笅鍙湁寰堜笉瀹屾暣鐨勶紝鏈夋椂鏄浉浜掑啿紿佺殑淇℃伅鍙互鑾峰彇鈥︹︹濓紝鈥滅粡嫻庢潯浠朵笉鍏佽涓鴻В鍐充笉紜畾鎬ц岃繘琛岀殑鍏呰凍閲囨牱鈥漑24]銆傚湴瀛︿笁緇磋〃杈句笌鍒嗘瀽鍜屽尰瀛﹀彲瑙嗗寲鏈夊緢澶氱浉浼肩殑鍦版柟錛屼絾鍖誨鍙鍖栧湪瀹為檯搴旂敤涓瘮杈冩垚鍔燂紝鑰屽湴瀛﹀彲瑙嗗寲鍗存樉寰楀洶闅俱傚叾涓竴涓噸瑕佺殑鍘熷洜鏄湴瀛︿笁緇存暟鎹噰鏍風巼寰堜綆錛岄毦浠ュ噯紜湴琛ㄨ揪鍦板瀵硅薄鐨勭湡瀹炵姸鍐點傚彟涓涓師鍥犳槸鍖誨棰嗗煙鐨勭爺絀惰呭浠栦滑鐮旂┒涓湡鏈涚湅瑙佺殑瀵硅薄涓鑸兘鏈夎緝涓哄噯紜殑鍗拌薄妯″紡錛岃屽湴瀛﹂鍩熺殑鐮旂┒鑰呭洜涓哄湴瀛﹀璞$殑澶嶆潅鍙樺寲鎬т笉鑳藉噯紜湴紜畾鐮旂┒瀵硅薄鐨勫悇縐嶅睘鎬2][24]銆傛鍥犱負鍦板瀵硅薄鍦ㄨ嚜鐒剁晫鐨勭悍綣佸鏉傦紝浣垮緱姝や竴鍦扮殑緇忛獙妯″瀷涓嶈兘縐繪鍒板彟涓鍦扮殑鍦板鐮旂┒瀵硅薄涓紝鍥犳涓夌淮鏁版嵁瀹炴椂鑾峰彇鍦ㄥ湴瀛﹂鍩熸樉寰楀挨涓洪噸瑕併?br /><br />銆銆錛?錛?澶ф暟鎹噺鐨勫瓨鍌ㄤ笌蹇熷鐞?br />銆銆鍦ㄤ笁緇碐IS涓紝鏃犺鏄熀浜庣煝閲忕粨鏋勮繕鏄熀浜庢爡鏍肩粨鏋勶紝瀵逛簬涓嶈鍒欏湴瀛﹀璞$殑綺劇‘琛ㄨ揪閮戒細閬囧埌澶ф暟鎹噺鐨勫瓨鍌ㄤ笌澶勭悊闂銆傞櫎浜嗗湪紜歡涓婇潬璁$畻鏈哄巶鍟嗙敓浜уぇ瀹歸噺瀛樺偍璁懼鍜屽揩閫熷鐞嗗櫒澶栵紝榪樺簲璇ョ爺絀惰蔣浠舵柟闈㈢殑綆楁硶浠ユ彁楂樻晥鐜囷紝渚嬪閽堝涓嶅悓鏉′歡鐨勫悇縐嶉珮鏁堟暟鎹ā鍨嬭璁°佸茍琛屽鐞嗙畻娉曘佸皬娉㈠帇緙╃畻娉曞強鍦ㄥ帇緙╃姸鎬佷笅鐨勭洿鎺ュ鐞嗗垎鏋愮瓑銆?br /><br />銆銆錛?錛?瀹屾暣鐨勪笁緇寸┖闂存暟鎹ā鍨嬩笌鏁版嵁緇撴瀯<br />銆銆涓夌淮絀洪棿鏁版嵁搴撴槸涓夌淮GIS鐨勬牳蹇冿紝瀹冪洿鎺ュ叧緋誨埌鏁版嵁鐨勮緭鍏ャ佸瓨鍌ㄣ佸鐞嗐佸垎鏋愬拰杈撳嚭絳塆IS鐨勫悇涓幆鑺傦紝瀹冪殑濂藉潖鐩存帴褰卞搷鐫鏁翠釜GIS鐨勬ц兘銆傝屼笁緇寸┖闂存暟鎹ā鍨嬫槸浜轟滑瀵瑰瑙備笘鐣岀殑鐞嗚В鍜屾娊璞★紝鏄緩绔嬩笁緇寸┖闂存暟鎹簱鐨勭悊璁哄熀紜銆備笁緇寸┖闂存暟鎹粨鏋勬槸涓夌淮絀洪棿鏁版嵁妯″瀷鐨勫叿浣撳疄鐜幫紝鏄瑙傚璞″湪璁$畻鏈轟腑鐨勫簳灞傝〃杈撅紝鏄瀹㈣瀵硅薄榪涜鍙琛ㄧ幇鐨勫熀紜銆傝櫧鐒舵湁寰堝浜哄睍寮榪囩浉鍏蟲柟闈㈢殑鐮旂┒涓庡紑鍙戯紙濡傚墠鎵榪幫級錛屼絾榪樻病鏈夊艦鎴愯兘涓哄ぇ澶氭暟浜烘墍鎺ュ彈鐨勭粺涓鐞嗚涓庢ā寮忥紝鏈夊緟浜庤繘涓姝ョ爺絀朵笌瀹屽杽銆?br /><br />銆銆錛?錛変笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愭柟娉曠殑寮鍙?br />銆銆絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽鑳藉姏鍦ㄤ簩緇碐IS涓氨姣旇緝钖勫急錛岀洰鍓嶅ぇ澶氭暟鐨凣IS閮戒笉鑳藉仛鍒板喅絳栧眰嬈′笂鏉ワ紝鍙兘浣滀負涓涓ぇ鐨勭┖闂存暟鎹簱錛屾弧瓚崇畝鍗曠殑緙栬緫銆佺鐞嗐佹煡璇㈠拰鏄劇ず瑕佹眰錛屼笉鑳戒負鍐崇瓥鑰呯洿鎺ユ彁渚涘喅絳栨柟妗堛傚叾涓緢澶т竴涓師鍥犲氨鏄湪鐜版湁鐨凣IS涓紝絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽鐨勭綾誨強鏁伴噺閮藉緢灝戙傚湪涓夌淮GIS涓紝鍚屾牱闈復鐫榪欎釜闂[1]銆傚洜姝わ紝鐮旂┒寮鍙慓IS鐨勫熀鏈┖闂村垎鏋愬強灝嗗悇棰嗗煙鐨勪笓瀹剁煡璇嗗叆宓屽叆GIS涓紝鏄笁緇碐IS鍙戝睍鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佹柟闈€?br /><br /></font><b><font face="榛戜綋" size="4">4.褰撳墠涓夌淮GIS鐮斿彂鐨勫嚑涓敞鎰忕偣</font></b><font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"><br /><br />銆銆浠庡墠闈㈠叧浜庝笁緇碐IS鐨勫彂灞曘佸畾涔夈佺壒鐐廣佸姛鑳姐侀潰涓寸殑鏈洪亣涓庡洶闅撅紝緇撳悎褰撲粖GIS寤鴻鐨勬儏鍐碉紝鎴戜滑寰楀埌褰撳墠涓夌淮GIS鐮斿彂搴旇娉ㄦ剰鐨勫嚑涓柟闈€?br /><br />銆銆(1) 鐩墠搴斾互寮鍙戜簩緇翠負涓匯佷笁緇翠負杈呯殑娣峰悎鍨婫IS涓轟富瑕佺洰鏍囷紝涓嶅疁鍗曠函寮鍙戜笁緇碐IS銆傚師鍥犳湁浜岋細1錛夐渶姹備笂鐨勫喅瀹氥傚湪褰撳墠GIS浜т笟鐣岋紝浜岀淮GIS宸茬粡鑳藉婊¤凍澶ч儴鍒嗗疄闄呴渶姹傦紝瀵逛笁緇碐IS鐨勯渶姹備粛鐒跺彧鍗犲皯閮ㄥ垎銆?錛夋妧鏈笂鐨勯檺鍒躲傛濡傚墠鏂囨墍闃愯堪鐨勶紝褰撳墠鍦ㄤ笁緇存暟鎹幏鍙栥佸ぇ鏁版嵁閲忓鐞嗕笌瀛樺偍銆佷笁緇村彲瑙嗗寲銆佷笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愭柟闈㈣繕涓嶈兘浠ヨ緝濂界殑鎬т環姣旀弧瓚沖ぇ瑙勬ā鍟嗕笟搴旂敤鐨勯渶瑕併傚鏋滃畬鍏ㄩ噰鐢ㄤ笁緇碐IS錛屽娍蹇呭皢鑺辮垂楂樻槀鐨勭郴緇熷緩璁捐垂鐢紝鍦ㄤ簩緇碐IS鑳藉婊¤凍闇瑕佺殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鐢ㄦ埛娌℃湁蹇呰鍘諱竴鍛寵拷姹傞珮鎬ц兘銆傚綋鐒訛紝榪欓噷騫朵笉鎺掗櫎閮ㄥ垎鍗曚綅鐮斿埗瀹屽叏鐨勪笁緇碐IS浠ユ弧瓚充竴浜涜涓氱殑鐗瑰畾闇瑕侊紝濡傚啗浜嬨侀噰鐭褲佺煶娌瑰嫎鎺€佸湴璐ㄧ粨鏋勭爺絀剁瓑宸ヤ綔銆?br />銆銆鍦ㄥ叿浣撳疄鐜版椂錛屽緩璁湪涓鑸儏鍐典笅榪涜浜岀淮鏄劇ず涓庡垎鏋愶紝褰撴湁鐗規畩闇瑕佹椂鍙互璋冨嚭涓夌淮緇撴瀯浣滅浉搴斿鐞嗐?br /><br />銆銆(2) 鍦ㄦ暟鎹粨鏋勪笂瑕佷互杈圭晫琛ㄨ揪娉曪紙BR錛変負涓匯備笉瑕佽涓轟笁緇碐IS涓瀹氳榪涜涓夌淮絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽錛屼簨瀹炰笂铏界劧涓夌淮絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽鏄笁緇碐IS鐨勭壒鑹詫紝浣嗗疄闄呴渶姹備粛鐒朵互涓夌淮鍙鍖栧拰鏁版嵁綆$悊涓轟富錛屽洜姝ゅ湪涓夌淮GIS緋葷粺涓浠ョ煝閲忕粨鏋勪負涓諱綋鏁版嵁緇撴瀯錛岃屽湪闇瑕佹椂杞崲涓烘爡鏍肩粨鏋勩傚綋鐒訛紝榪欎笌鐮旂┒鍩轟簬3D鏍呮牸妗嗘灦鐨勪笁緇撮泦鎴愭暟鎹粨鏋勫茍涓嶇煕鐩撅紝鐩稿弽錛岄泦鎴愭暟鎹粨鏋勫弽鑰屼負鐭㈤噺鏍呮牸鐨勫揩閫熻漿鎹㈡彁渚涗簡渚挎嵎鐨勯氶亾銆?br /><br />銆銆(3) 瀵逛簬闇瑕佽繘琛屼笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愮殑鍦版柟錛岄渶瑕佷笓闂ㄧ爺絀舵敮鎸佸揩閫熷垎鏋愮殑鏁版嵁緇撴瀯涓庣┖闂村垎鏋愮畻娉曘備綔鑰呮浘緇忓湪榪欎簺鏂歸潰鍋氳繃涓浜涙帰璁紝濡傞泦鎴愮煝閲忎笌鏍呮牸鐗瑰緛鐨勫洓灞傜煝閲忓寲鍏弶鏍戠粨鏋刐39]銆佸熀浜庤鏁版嵁緇撴瀯鐨勭┖闂存暟鎹ā鍨嬩笌絀洪棿鍒嗘瀽絳塠40]銆?br /><br />銆銆(4) 鍩庡競涓夌淮鐜板湪宸叉垚涓哄綋鍓嶄笁緇達姬錛╋汲涓爺絀朵笌寮鍙戠殑涓涓噸瑕佹柟闈€備俊鎭寲鐩墠姝f垚涓虹ぞ浼氬彂灞曠殑涓繪祦錛屽煄甯備綔涓轟俊鎭瓨鍦ㄤ笌浼犳挱鐨勪富浣擄紝鐞嗘墍褰撶劧鍦頒篃鎴愪負涓夌淮GIS琛ㄨ揪鐨勪竴涓噸瑕佸璞°傚浗鍐呭宸叉湁浜轟綔鍑轟簡杈冨ソ鐨勬帰绱38][41][42]錛屼絾鍦ㄥ疄闄呯郴緇熺殑寮鍙戜笌搴旂敤涓婅繕闇瑕佸姞澶у姏搴︺?br /><br /></font><b><font face="榛戜綋" size="4">5.緇撹</font></b><font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"><br /><br />銆銆鏈枃鏍規嵁浣滆呭騫寸爺絀跺紑鍙戜笁緇碐IS鐨勭粡楠屼綋浼氾紝鍥為【璇勮堪浜嗕笁緇碐IS鐨勭壒鐐逛笌鐩稿叧杞歡鍙戝睍鎯呭喌錛屽悓鏃舵寚鍑轟笁緇碐IS鐨勫彂灞曚竴鏂歸潰闈復鐫瀹屾暣鐨勪笁緇存暟鎹ā鍨嬪拰鏁版嵁緇撴瀯鐨勭己涔忥紝鏁版嵁鑾峰彇鍙婂ぇ鏁版嵁閲忓瓨璐拰澶勭悊涓婄殑鍥伴毦錛屼笁緇寸┖闂村垎鏋愯兘鍔涜杽寮辯瓑鍥伴毦錛屽彟涓鏂歸潰鍙堥潰涓寸潃縐戝璁$畻鍙鍖栫悊璁烘妧鏈佹暟鎹簱緋葷粺綆$悊鎶鏈佹暟瀛楀獎璞″鐞嗘妧鏈拰浜岀淮GIS闀挎湡鍙戝睍鎻愪緵鐨勭悊璁哄疄璺電粡楠岀瓑鏈夊埄鍥犵礌銆傛枃绔犳渶鍚庝篃涓轟笁緇碐IS瀹為檯緋葷粺鐨勫紑鍙戞彁鍑轟簡鍑犱釜鍊煎緱娉ㄦ剰鐨勮鐐廣?br /><br /></font><b><font face="榛戜綋" size="4">鍙傝冩枃鐚?/font></b><font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"><br />1.Raper J. F., Key 3D Modelling Concepts for Geoscientific Analysis[A], In:聽聽 銆Turner A. K. (ed), Three-Dimensional Modeling with Geoscientific Information 銆Systems[M], NATO ASI 354, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1992, 215-232<br />2.Turner A. K., Three-Dimensional Modeling with Geoscientific Information 銆Systems銆[M], 1992, NATO ASI 354, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht<br />3.Mallet J. L, GOCAD: a computer aided design program for geological 銆applications銆銆[A]. In: Turner A. K. (ed), Three-Dimensional Modeling with 銆Geoscientific Information Systems[M], NATO ASI 354, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 銆Dordrecht, 1992, 123-142<br />4.Pflug R., Klein H., Ramshorn C. 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At last, four important points about 3D GIS software development are presented in this paper: 鈶?At present 2D data model and structure is still one basis of GIS software, and 3D data structure is only one secondary part; 鈶?Boundary Representation must be used as one primary method in 3D modeling, Raster structure and integrated or hybrid Vector-raster structure can only be auxiliary method; 鈶?Some special data structure and spatial algorithm need to be researched to support efficient 3D spatial analysis; 鈶?3D city modeling is becoming one more and more important aspect of 3D GIS research and development.<br />銆銆<b>Keywords</b> 3D GIS Basic problems Data structure<br /><br /></font> <b> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3">鑲栦箰鏂?/font> </b> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆 鐢鳳紝1970騫寸敓錛?999騫存瘯涓氫簬涓闄㈠湴鐞嗘墍璧勬簮涓庣幆澧冧俊鎭郴緇熷浗瀹墮噸鐐瑰疄楠屽錛岃幏鍦板浘瀛︿笌鍦扮悊淇℃伅緋葷粺涓撲笟鍗氬+瀛︿綅錛岀幇涓轟腑縐戦櫌鍦扮悊淇℃伅浜т笟涓績鍜屼腑縐戦櫌閬ユ劅搴旂敤鐮旂┒鎵鍚堜綔鍩瑰吇鍗氬+鍚庯紝鐩墠鐨勭爺絀舵柟鍚戜負GIS鏁版嵁妯″瀷銆佷笁緇存暟鎹粨鏋勫拰GIS杞歡寮鍙戙?br /><br /></font> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3"> <b>閽熻抽『</b> </font> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆 鐢鳳紝1956騫寸敓錛?991騫磋幏鍖椾含澶у鐞嗗鍗氬+瀛︿綅錛?992騫磋繘鍏ヤ腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍦扮悊鐮旂┒鎵鍗氬+鍚庢祦鍔ㄧ珯宸ヤ綔涓ゅ勾銆傜幇涓轟腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍦扮悊縐戝涓庤祫婧愮爺絀舵墍鐭ヨ瘑鍒涙柊鍩哄湴鐮旂┒鍛樸佸崥澹敓瀵煎笀錛屼腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍦扮悊淇℃伅浜т笟鍙戝睍涓績涓諱換銆備富瑕佺爺絀墮鍩熶負鍦扮悊淇℃伅緋葷粺鍩虹杞歡鍙?S搴旂敤銆?br /><br /></font> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3"> <b>鍒樼邯榪?/b> </font> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆 鐢鳳紝1947騫寸敓錛岀幇涓轟腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍦扮悊縐戝涓庤祫婧愮爺絀舵墍鎵闀褲佺爺絀跺憳銆佸崥澹敓瀵煎笀銆備富瑕佺爺絀墮鍩熶負璧勬簮涓庣幆澧冧俊鎭郴緇熴?br /><br /></font> <font face="榛戜綋" size="3"> <b>瀹嬪叧紱?/b> </font> <font face="瀹嬩綋" size="3"> <br />銆銆 鐢鳳紝1969騫寸敓錛?998騫磋幏涓浗縐戝闄㈠湴鐞嗙爺絀舵墍鐞嗗鍗氬+瀛︿綅錛?998騫?2000騫村湪涓浗縐戝闄㈤仴鎰熷簲鐢ㄧ爺絀舵墍鍗氬+鍚庢祦鍔ㄧ珯宸ヤ綔錛岀幇涓轟腑鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍦扮悊縐戝涓庤祫婧愮爺絀舵墍鐭ヨ瘑鍒涙柊鍩哄湴鍓爺絀跺憳銆備富瑕佺爺絀墮鍩熶負鍦扮悊淇℃伅緋葷粺鍩虹杞歡鍙?S搴旂敤銆?br /></font> </p> <img src ="http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/aggbug/6327.html" width = "1" height = "1" /><br><br><div align=right><a style="text-decoration:none;" href="http://m.shnenglu.com/Jeff-Chen/" target="_blank">Jeff-Chen</a> 2006-04-26 16:19 <a 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