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浣?nbsp; 鑰? goodstone ( 涔︾)
鎵灞炶鍧? JAVA璁哄潧
鏈笘鍒嗘暟: 10
鍥炲嬈℃暟: 10
鍙戣〃鏃墮棿: 2003-12-12 14:54:40
姝f枃鍐呭:
java鏂歸潰鐨勶細
it浜鴻祫璁氦嫻佺綉
http://www.it315.org
榪欎釜緗戠珯鏄垜鏈榪戞墠鍙戠幇鐨勶紝铏界劧鍐呭涓嶅錛屼絾鏄彁渚涚殑鐩稿叧java宸ュ叿鎸洪綈鍏ㄣ傝繕鏈夊氨鏄噷闈㈡彁渚涗簡java鏁欏瑙嗛褰曡薄鐨勫厤璐逛笅杞斤紝濂藉儚涓涓ゅ懆鏇存崲涓孌點備釜浜鴻寰楁尯閫傚悎鍒濆鑰呯殑錛屽挨鍏舵槸閭d釜classpath鐨勮緗紝璁茬殑寰堥忓交錛屽ぇ瀹舵湁絀哄彲浠ョ湅涓鐪嬨?br>
java瀹樻柟绔欑偣(鑻辨枃)
http://java.sun.com
瑕佹兂浜嗚В鏈鏂扮殑java鍔ㄦ侊紝涓嬭澆鏈鏂扮殑java鐩稿叧錛屾瘮濡俲2se銆乯2ee銆乯2se鐨勬渶鏂癹dk鐗堟湰灝辨潵榪欓噷鍚с?br>
java涓枃绔?br>http://www.java-cn.com
榪欎釜鍙兘澶у閮界煡閬擄紝涓嶇敤璇翠簡錛屼粬鎻愪緵鐨刯ava璧勬簮鏄渶涓板瘜鐨勩傛敞鍐岃鍧涙槸鍏嶈垂鐨勶紝榪橀佺Н鍒嗭紝鐢ㄧН鍒嗗彲浠ヤ笅杞借蔣浠跺拰鐢靛瓙涔︾瓑錛屽鏋滅Н鍒嗙敤瀹屼簡錛屽氨闇瑕佽嚜宸卞彂琛ㄤ竴浜涙枃绔犳潵璧氭柊鐨勭Н鍒嗐?br>
涓枃java緗戠珯
http://www.cn-java.com
璺熶笂闈㈢珯鐐圭被浼肩殑涓涓珯錛屽畻鏃ㄥ氨鏄細涓簀ava鐖卞ソ鑰呮湇鍔°傚煎緱涓鐪嬶紒
閿嬬綉
http://www.ijsp.net/tech/book/index.jsp
緇煎悎鎬х殑java緗戠珯錛屽唴鍚?#8220;涓嬭澆涓績”銆?#8220;鏁欑▼鏁欏”絳夋爮鐩?br>
java鍔ㄥ姏
http://eww.cn
緗戠珯鐨勫唴瀹瑰彲浠ワ紝浣嗘槸鏈涓哄嚭鑹茬殑鏄畠鎵榪愮敤鐨刦lash鎶鏈紝鎴戝氨涓嶅湪榪欓噷澶氳浜嗭紝澶у鍘葷湅鐪嬪氨鐭ラ亾浜嗭紝涓涓瓧“閰?#8221;錛侊紒錛?br>
vc鏂歸潰鐨勶細
vc鐭ヨ瘑搴?br>http://www.vckbase.com
榪欎釜緗戠珯灝變笉鐢ㄥ璇翠簡錛屽涔爒c蹇呭幓涔嬪湴銆傜綉绔欎笓闂ㄦ彁渚涗簡鍏嶈垂鐨刦tp涓嬭澆錛屽ソ涓滀笢宸ㄥ錛?br>
vc涔嬭礬
http://www.vcroad.com
緇煎悎杞歡寮鍙戠綉绔欙紝浠c涓轟富銆?#8220;璧勬簮涓績”鏈夎澶氬煎緱涓嬭澆鐨勪笢涓溿?br>
visual c++/mfc寮鍙戞寚鍗?br>http://www.vchelp.net
浠ヨ榪皐indows寮鍙戜負涓葷殑绔欑偣錛屾彁渚涗簡鏈鏂扮殑婧愪唬鐮侊紝寮鍙戝伐鍏鳳紝寮鍙戣祫鏂欙紝寮鍙戞暀紼嬪拰瀵瑰ソ鐨勫紑鍙戠珯鐐癸紝寮鍙戝伐鍏鳳紝鍥句功鍋氫粙緇嶏紝鍚屾椂涓轟粠浜嬪紑鍙戠殑鏈嬪弸鎻愪緵鍙戝竷鑷繁寮鍙戠殑杞歡錛屼唬鐮佸拰宸ュ叿鍦烘墍銆?
c緇磋鐐?br>http://www.c-view.org/root/index.htm
鏈榪戝彂鐜扮殑vc濂界珯錛屼功綾嶃佽蔣浠躲佷唬鐮佷笅杞戒竴搴斿叿鍏紒錛侊紒
娓告垙寮鍙戯細
椋庝簯宸ヤ綔瀹?br>http://member.netease.com/~cloudwu/2000/index.html
鏍囩偣娓告垙鍒朵綔
http://makegame.myetang.com/
鏈潵寮鍙戣?br>http://www.fdev.net/
緇煎悎鐨勶細
涓浗杞歡緗?br>http://www.csdn.net
涓浗鏈澶х殑寮鍙戣呯綉緇滐紝浠栦箣鎵浠ヨ憲鍚嶅氨鏄洜涓轟粬鐨勮鍧涳紝澶у鏈夌┖鍙互鍘葷湅鐪嬶紝鑳戒笅鍒板緢澶氫笉閿欑殑涓滀笢錛屽彟澶栦篃鏄氦嫻佸涔犵殑濂藉湴鏂廣?br>
鐢靛瓙涔︾睄鐨勶細
http://www.itebook.net
鏈鍚庡叕甯冧竴涓法濂界殑錛岀媯澶氱殑鐢靛瓙涔︿笅杞?br>http://www.pdown.net
榪樻湁宸ㄥソ鐨?br>http://www.codestudy.net/default.asp
鍦ㄨ繖閲屾垜鎯蟲妸宸茬粡鑾峰緱鐨勪竴浜涢樁孌墊ф垚鏋滄嬁鍑烘潵涓庡ぇ瀹跺叡浜備笅闈㈡槸閽堝紜呰胺銆佸寳緹庛佹境媧插拰涓浗鍥涘湴鐨勪笁涓妧鏈鍩熺殑寮鍙戜漢鍛橀渶姹傞噺緇熻緇撴灉錛屾簮鏁版嵁鏉ヨ嚜鐩稿叧緗戠珯鐨勬悳绱㈢粨鏋溿佸悎浣滀紮浼存彁渚涚殑鏁版嵁浠ュ強CSDN鏈珯鏁版嵁錛屾垜浠浉淇¤兘澶熸瘮杈冨瑙傚湴鍙嶆槧鐩墠鑻ュ共绔炰簤鎬ф妧鏈箣闂寸殑瀵規瘮褰㈠紡銆傚彟涓鏂歸潰錛屼篃鍙互鐪嬪埌鍑犱釜涓嶅悓鍦板尯IT浜т笟鐨勯矞鏄庣壒鑹層傚洜涓虹爺絀跺伐浣滆繕鍦ㄨ繘琛屼腑錛屽彧鑳藉彂琛ㄨ嫢騫茬粨鏋滐紝鐩鎬俊涓撳浠竴鐪煎氨鑳界湅鍑虹鍊紝寰楀嚭鑷繁鐨勭粨璁恒?/font>
| 紜呰胺 | 鍖楃編 | 婢蟲床 | 涓浗 | |
| C/C++ | 45.8% | 33.5% | 20.4% | 34.2% |
| Java | 34.3% | 34.4% | 34.1% | 36.8% |
| .NET | 11.9% | 29.1% | 43.6% | 27.5% |
| Python | 8.0% | 2.1% | 1.9% | 1.5% |
鎴戜滑鏆傛椂娌℃湁灝哖erl銆丏elphi絳夊叾浠栭氱敤璇█鍜屽伐鍏風撼鍏ヨ〃涓紝浣嗘槸鐩鎬俊浠ヤ笂鍥涚宸茬粡寰堝ソ鍦拌鐩栦簡澶у鏁伴氱敤緙栫▼浜虹兢銆傛垜浠彲浠ョ湅鍒幫紝紜呰胺浣滀負IT鍒涙柊鐨勬簮澶達紝鏈夊ぇ閲忕殑濂楄杞歡鍜屽熀紜杞歡銆佽澶囩爺鍙戦」鐩紝鍥犳瀵逛簬C/C++榪欑寮哄姴鐨勭郴緇熺駭璇█浠嶇劧闈炲父閲嶈銆?/font>
鐩告瘮涔嬩笅錛屽叏鍖楃編鑼冨洿鍐呭拰涓浗鍒欐槸Java銆丆/C++鍜?NET涓夊垎澶╀笅錛屼絾.NET紼嶅急鐨勬儏鍐點傝屽埌浜嗕互浼佷笟杞歡銆佽蔣浠舵湇鍔′竴緇熷ぉ涓嬬殑婢蟲床錛?NET鍒欐槸鏄庢樉鍗犱笂椋庛傜敱姝ゅ彲瑙侊紝.NET鐩墠鐨勪紭鍔夸富瑕佸湪浜庝紒涓氬簲鐢ㄧ郴緇熺殑寮鍙?/span>銆?/font>
涓浗鏈夊己澶х殑鐢靛瓙鍜岃澶囧埗閫犲伐涓氾紝涔熸湁涓浜涜濡傜綉緇滄父鎴忋佸叡浜蔣浠剁瓑浜т笟鐨勬敮鎸侊紝浣垮緱C/C++鑳藉涓夊垎澶╀笅鏈夊叾涓銆傝?NET涔熸槸鏄懼緱鍋忓急銆傚湪澶у鏁頒紒涓氬簲鐢ㄩ」鐩腑錛?NET鐞嗗簲鏄瘮Java璐規晥姣旀洿浼樼殑閫夋嫨錛屽洜姝ょ浉淇℃湭鏉?NET鍦ㄤ腑鍥界殑鏁版嵁搴旇浼氫笂鍗囥傚彟涓涓煎緱鍏蟲敞鐨勭幇璞℃槸錛孭ython鍦ㄧ璋峰湴鍖轟嬌鐢ㄩ噺鏄叾浠栦笁鍖虹殑4-6鍊嶏紝緇撳悎鐜板湪Google App Engine鐨勫彂甯冿紝鏄惁棰勭ず鐫Python浼氭湁鏇村ぇ鐨勫彂灞曞憿錛?/span>
| 紜呰胺 | 鍖楃編 | 婢蟲床 | 涓浗 | |
| Java | 57.5% | 50.4% | 33.0% | 34.4% |
| ASP.NET | 9.0% | 29.4% | 44.7% | 21.4% |
| PHP | 25.0% | 15.6% | 19.3% | 43.3% |
| Ruby on Rails | 8.4% | 4.6% | 3.0% | 0.9% |
鍓嶄笉涔呬竴浣?a >PHP棰嗚浜虹墿鍙戣〃瑙傜偣錛岃涓篔ava宸茬粡杈撴帀Web涔嬫垬銆備笓瀹跺線寰鍏鋒湁鍓嶇灮鎬э紝鍥犳浠栫殑瑙傜偣鍊煎緱璁ょ湡鑰冭檻銆備笉榪囦粠鐩墠鐨勬暟鎹潵鐪嬶紝Java鍦╓eb鏈嶅姟绔殑鍦頒綅榪樻槸鐩稿綋鐗㈠浐銆傚湪紜呰胺鍦板尯錛孉mazon銆乪Bay鍜屾煇浜涜秴澶у瀷緗戠珯涓浉褰撳鐨勫熀紜搴旂敤鏄敤Java“鎵嬪伐鎵撻?#8221;鐨勶紙闈濲2EE錛夛紝鐢辨鍙兘瀵艱嚧浜咼ava鍦ㄨ繖涓鍦板尯鐨刉eb鏈嶅姟绔崰鏈夌巼鎯婁漢銆傜璋峰湴鍖虹殑浜掕仈緗戜紒涓氾紝浠ュ叕鍏變簰鑱旂綉涓轟富錛屽湪榪欎釜棰嗗煙錛孉SP.NET鏄劇劧澧冮亣涓嶅お濂姐傚煎緱涓鎻愮殑鏄紝鍚屽睘LAMP鏋舵瀯鐨凱HP涓嶳oR鐨勬誨崰鏈夌巼宸茬粡涓嶄綆錛岃屼笖紜呰胺瀵逛簬RoR紜疄鐩稿綋闈掔潗銆?/font>
鍒頒簡鍖楃編鍦板尯錛屽垯鍥犱負寰堝緗戠珯騫墮潪鍏叡浜掕仈緗戠珯錛岃屾槸浼佷笟Web搴旂敤錛屽洜姝SP.NET鍗犱簡榪?/3錛屾儏鍐墊瘮涔嬬璋鋒湁寰堝ぇ鐨勫ソ杞傝屽埌浜嗘境媧詫紝ASP.NET鎴愪簡Web鏈嶅姟绔殑鐜嬭呫傚啀涓嬈″湴錛岃繖璇佹槑浜?span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">寰蔣鐩墠鐨?NET浣撶郴鍦ㄤ紒涓氬簲鐢ㄩ鍩熸湁浜嬪疄浼樺娍錛屼絾騫朵笉鏄綋鍓嶅叕鍏變簰鑱旂綉寮鍙戠ぞ緹ょ殑棣栭夈?/span>
涓浗鐨勬暟鎹綋涓紝鏈寮曚漢娉ㄧ洰鐨勫氨鏄?span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">PHP鐨勯渶姹傞噺涔嬪ぇ瓚呭嚭棰勬湡錛岃凍瑙?span style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">涓浗IT浜т笟鐨処nternet鐗硅壊嫻撳帤錛岃繖涔熶笌鎴戜滑鐩墠浜嗚В鍒扮殑甯傚満涓奝HP浜哄憳闇姹傜姸鍐墊瘮杈冧竴鑷淬傚彟澶栦竴鐐癸紝灝辨槸RoR闇姹傜殑濂囦綆錛岀敋鑷蟲瘮婢蟲床閮借浣庝笁鍊嶏紝榪欒〃鏄嶳oR鐨勯浄澹拌櫧鐒跺ぇ錛屼絾鏄腑鍥藉紑鍙戣呮垨鑰呰鎶鏈鐞嗚呭茍涓嶄拱璐︺傛繁灞傛鐨勫師鍥狅紝涔熻鏄粬浠寰桼oR寮鍙戞晥鐜囪櫧鐒墮珮錛屼絾鏄璦闅懼害澶э紝瀵瑰紑鍙戜漢鍛樿姹傞珮錛屼篃闅句互榪涜澶ц妯″崗鍚屻傝繖鍙兘鏄竴縐嶈瑙o紝甯屾湜浠婂悗鑳界湅鍒拌繖涓暟鎹殑鍙樺寲銆?/font>
| 紜呰胺 | 鍖楃編 | 婢蟲床 | 涓浗 | |
| AJAX/Javascript | 85.4% | 86.7% | 90.7% | 95.0% |
| Flex | 13.3% | 11.7% | 7.3% | 4.6% |
| Silverlight | 1.2% | 1.6% | 2.0 | 0.3% |
鑷充簬鍓嶇鎶鏈紝灝卞緢娓呮浜嗐傚敖綆¤〃闈笂鐪嬶紝鍦ㄦ墍鏈夊洓涓湴鍖猴紝AJAX鍜孞avascript閮芥槸鍘嬪掓у鏁幫紝浣嗘槸浠旂粏瑙傚療錛屽氨浼氬彂鐜幫紝紜呰胺鍜屽寳緹庡湴鍖虹殑Flex鍜孲ilverlight絳夋柊涓浠IA鎶鏈渶姹傞噺瑕佹瘮涓浗楂?鍊嶏紝涓浗鏄惁涔熶細鍦ㄤ笉涔呬箣鍚庢湁綾諱技鍙樺寲鍛紵鍙︿竴涓湁瓚g殑浜嬪疄鏄紝婢蟲床鐨凷ilverlight鎶鏈彂灞曞緢蹇紝緇撳悎鍓嶄袱涓〃鐨勭粨鏋滄潵鐪嬶紝寰蔣鎶鏈湪婢蟲床鐨勫獎鍝嶅姏鏄劇劧瓚呭己銆?/font>
铏界劧閲戦挶涓嶆槸涓囪兘鐨?浣嗘病鏈夐挶鏄竾涓囦笉鑳界殑,铏界劧榪欏彞璇濆緢淇?浣嗙粷瀵規湁閬撶悊,鎵浠?0宀佷箣鍓?璇鋒妸浣犲ぇ閮ㄥ垎綺懼姏鏀懼湪浣犵殑浜嬩笟涓?
2.鍒妸閽辯湅寰楀お閲?wbr>
涓嶈鎶辨ㄨ嚜宸辯幇鍦ㄥ伐璧勪綆,閾惰瀛樻4浣嶆暟浠ヤ笅,鐪嬩笉鍒板墠閫?鐜板湪瑕佸仛鐨勫氨鏄姫鍔涘涔?鍗充嬌浣犳枃鍑啀楂?鎬庝箞鎶婄悊璁鴻繍鐢ㄥ埌瀹炶返榪樻槸闇瑕佷竴涓緢闀跨殑閿葷偧榪囩▼,紺句細姘歌繙鏄竴鎵鏈鍗氬ぇ鐨勫ぇ瀛?瀹冭浣犲鍒扮殑鐭ヨ瘑榪滄瘮浣犲湪瀛︽牎瀛﹀埌鐨勯噸瑕佸緱澶?鎵浠ュ悓鏍?浣犱篃鍒お浠嬫剰瀛﹀巻浣?30宀佷箣鍓嶉潬鑷繁鑳藉姏涔拌濺涔版埧鐨勪漢榪樻槸鏋佸皯.
3.瀛︿細浣撹皡鐖舵瘝
鍒珜浠栦滑鍞犲彣,絳変綘涓轟漢鐖朵簡浣犲氨鐭ラ亾鍙滃ぉ涓嬬埗姣嶅績,鍦ㄤ粬浠溂閲屼綘榪樻槸涓瀛?浣嗕粬浠湡鐨勮佷簡,鐜板湪寰椾綘鍝勪粬浠紑蹇冧簡,涔熻鍙浣犵殑涓涓數璇?涓鐐瑰皬紺肩墿,灝卞彲浠ヨ浠栦滑瀹夊績,寰堝鏄撳仛鍒?
4.浜や笂濂芥湅鍙?wbr>
鏈嬪弸瀵逛綘涓鐢熼兘褰卞搷閲嶅ぇ,涓嶈鍘葷粨璇嗗お澶氶厭鑲夋湅鍙?鑷沖皯寰楁湁涓涓兘鍦ㄥ叧閿椂鍒誨府鍔╀綘鐨勬湅鍙?濡傛灉閬囧埌榪欎箞涓涓漢,灝卞ソ濂芥妸鎻?鏃ュ悗蹇呭畾鏈夌敤,涓嶇浠栫幇鍦ㄦ槸瀵岃繕鏄┓.
5.鍒お鐩鎬俊鐖辨儏
蹇冧腑瑕佹湁鐖?浣嗚鍒涔熷埆鐩鎬俊閭d簺鐞肩懚闃垮Ж灝忚閲岄潰鐨勫北鐩熸搗瑾?涓栦笂鏈棤姘告亽,閲嶈鐨勬槸璐d換,浣嗗コ浜哄績嫻峰簳閽?蹇冨彉浜?涓鍒囬兘鎴愭瀴鐒?浣犺鍋氱殑灝辨槸璇ュ嚭鎵嬫椂灝卞嚭鎵?璇ユ斁鎵嬫椂鍒姽璞?30宀佷箣鍓嶇殑鐖辨儏涓嶆槸鍋囩殑,浣嗗彧鏄ぇ澶氭暟浜洪兘娌℃湁鑳界湡姝f妸鎻″ソ鐨勮兘鍔?鎵浠ュ浼氶噺鍔涜岃.
6.鍒媴蹇冭嚦浠婅繕淇濈暀鍒濆惢
鐖辨儏涓嶅湪澶氳屽湪綺?鍒互涓鴻嚜宸?0澶氬瞾榪樻病紕拌繃濂沖瀛愬氨瀹蟲曡嚜宸辨案榪滄壘涓嶅埌鑰佸﹩.浠ュ悗浣犱細鏈夊緢澶氭満浼氳璇嗗コ瀛╁瓙,瑕佺煡閬撹繖涓ぞ浼氳櫧鐒剁敺浜哄浜庡コ浜?浣嗙幇瀹炴槸濂充漢鍏跺疄姣旂敺浜烘洿鎷呭績榪欎釜闂.鐢蜂漢30涓鏋濊姳,浣犲湪鍗囧艱屼笉鏄船鍊?鎴愮啛鐨勭埍鎯呭線寰鏇寸編涓芥洿闀夸箙,鎵浠ヤ笉瑕佸儚鐤嫍涓鏍風湅鍒板コ瀛╁氨鎯寵拷,瀛︿細鍝佸懗瀵傚癁.
7.涓嶈娌夎糠浜庝換浣曚笢瑗?wbr>
鎵璋撶帺鐗╄屼撫蹇?緗戠粶娓告垙鏄綘鍦ㄥ嚭鏍¢棬涔嬪墠鐜╃殑,浣犵幇鍦ㄦ病鏈夊浣欑殑鏃墮棿鍜岀簿鍔涜姳璐瑰埌榪欎笂闈?鍚﹀垯浣犻忔敮鐨勪笢瑗夸互鍚庨兘寰楀伩榪?涓涓漢瑕佹湁鍏磋叮,鐖卞ソ,浣嗚鍒嗘竻妤氳交閲?
8.騫磋交娌℃湁澶辮觸
涓嶈閬囧埌鎸姌灝辯伆蹇?騫磋交浜鴻鏃跺埢淇濇寔縐瀬鍚戜笂鐨勬佸害.澶辮觸浜?閲嶆潵榪?澶卞幓浜嗭紝鍐嶄簤鍙栧埆鐨勩傞敊榪囦簡錛岃鍒嗘瀽錛屼笅嬈℃潵,瑕佹妸鎻★紱騫肩浜嗭紝涓嬫錛屾垚鐔熺偣銆備笉瑕佺揣錛屼細濂界殑錛屽摢鎬曞埌浜嗘瀬鐐癸紝涔熶笉瑕佹斁寮冿紝鐩鎬俊涓瀹氬彲浠ユ尯榪囧幓銆備笉瑕佹秷鏋侊紝浼氬ソ鐨勩傛浘緇忕殑閿欙紝榪囧幓浜嗭紝鎬諱笉鑳藉洖鍛沖湪榪囧幓銆傜幇鍦ㄧ殑錛屽緢濂斤紝绱畬浜嗭紝寰堣垝鏈嶃備笉瑕佷激錛屾諱細鏈変漢鍦ㄦ敮鎾戜綘銆?/p>
9.涓嶈杞繪槗宕囨嫓鎴栬呴剻瑙嗕竴涓漢
浜洪兘鏈夊伓鍍?浣嗚鎷ユ湁浣犺嚜宸辯殑涓?涓嶈鍒繪剰鍘繪ā浠夸竴涓漢,鍥犱負浣犲氨鏄綘,鏄敮涓鐨?鐙竴鏃犱簩鐨?瑕佹湁鑷俊.涔熶笉瑕佸叏鐩樺惁瀹氫竴涓漢,姣忎釜浜烘槸鏈変環鍊肩殑,濡傛灉浣犱笉鑳界悊瑙d粬,涔熻瀛︿細鎺ュ彈.
10.瑕佹湁璐d換蹇?wbr>
涓嶇浣犳浘緇忔庢牱,浣嗚浠庣幇鍦ㄥ紑濮嬪仛涓涓鐩寸殑浜?鐢蜂漢瑕佹湁璐d換蹇?鏃犺鏄伐浣滆繕鏄敓媧諱笂,涓涓湁璐d換蹇冪殑浜烘墠鑳借鍒漢鏈夊畨鍏ㄦ劅,鎵嶈兘璁╁埆浜鴻寰椾綘鏄竴涓煎緱淇¤禆鐨勪漢.鎴戜滑涓嶈鎳﹀急,浣嗚涓嶈浼ゅ鐖變綘鐨勪漢鍜屼綘鐖辯殑浜?灝ゅ叾鏄杽鑹殑濂沖,鍥犱負榪欎釜涓栫晫鍠勮壇鐨勫コ瀛╀笉澶氫簡,鍗充嬌涓嶆兂鎷ユ湁,浣嗕篃璇瘋濂逛繚鎸佸ス緹庝附鐨勫績.
11.鐢蜂漢鐨勫璨屽茍涓嶉噸瑕?
涓嶈涓鴻嚜宸辯殑闀跨浉韜珮鑰岃繃鍒嗘媴蹇?涓涓績鍦板杽鑹?涓轟漢姝g洿鐨勭敺浜鴻繙姣旈偅浜涚┖鏈夎嫳淇婄浉璨?鎸烘嫈韜潗浣嗗唴蹇冮緦榫婄殑鐢蜂漢瑕佸竻寰楀.濡傛灉鏈変漢浠ヨ矊鍙栦漢,璇蜂笉瑕佸お鍦ㄦ剰,鍥犱負浣犱笉鐢ㄥ幓涓轟竴涓綆綰ц叮鍛崇殑浜鴻岄毦榪?
12.瀛︿細淇濇姢韜綋
涓嶈浠ヤ負鐜板湪鎶界儫鍠濋厭,鐔閫氬涔熸病浠涔堜簨.閭f槸鍥犱負浣犵殑韜綋姝e浜庝綘涓鐢熺殑榛勯噾鏃舵.30宀佷互鍚庝綘灝辮兘鏄庣櫧鍔涗笉浠庡績榪欎釜璇嶇殑鎰忎箟浜?韜綋鏄潻鍛界殑鏈挶,娌℃湁濂界殑韜綋浠涔堜篃鍋氫笉浜?鎵浠ヨ灝介噺璁╄嚜宸辮繃鏈夎寰嬬殑鍋ュ悍鐢熸椿.
13.鍒寰椾竴浜嬫棤鎴?
浣犵幇鍦ㄨ繕娌℃湁璧勬牸璋堟垚鍔?褰撶劧濡傛灉浣犳湁鍗冧竾璧勪駭鐨勯櫎澶?涓寮濮嬪お鍥哄畾鐨勮亴涓氬茍涓嶄竴瀹氭槸濂戒簨,鎴栬鍦ㄤ笉鏂殑鏀硅褰撲腑,浣犱細瀛﹀埌鏇翠赴瀵岀殑鐭ヨ瘑,鑰屼笖鍙互鎸栨帢鍑鴻嚜宸辯殑娼滆兘,鎵懼埌鏈閫傚悎浣犵殑宸ヤ綔.
14.璇瘋鐪熷伐浣?wbr>
鍗充嬌浣犵幇鍦ㄧ殑宸ヤ綔鍐嶆庝箞鏃犺亰鍐嶆庝箞浣庣駭,涔熻浣犺鐪熷幓瀵瑰緟,瑕佺煡閬撲換浣曟垚鍔熶漢澹兘鏄粠鏈灝忕殑浜嬪仛璧?鎴栬浣犵幇鍦ㄥ涓嶅埌澶氫箞浜嗕笉璧風殑鐭ヨ瘑,浣嗚搗鐮佷綘瑕佸浼氳壇濂界殑宸ヤ綔鎬佸害鍜屽伐浣滄柟娉?榪欏浠ュ悗寰堥噸瑕?
15.璇瘋鐪熷寰呮劅鎯?wbr>.
涓嶈緹℃厱閭d簺鎹㈠コ浜哄儚鎹㈤瀷涓鏍風殑鑺辮姳鍏瓙,閫㈠満浣滄垙鐨勭埍鎯呭彧鏄浣犳氮璐規椂闂存氮璐圭簿鍔?涓涓漢鏈鐥涜嫤鐨勪笉鏄壘涓嶅埌鐖變漢,鑰屾槸蹇冧腑娌℃湁浜嗙埍,褰撲綘鎶婃垜鐖變綘3涓瓧鍙樻垚浣犳渶瀹規槗璇寸殑涓鍙ヨ瘽鏃?閭d箞浣犲湪鐖辨儏鐨勪笘鐣岄噷宸茬粡寰堥毦鎵懼埌鐪熸鐨勫垢紱忎簡.鐖辨儏娌℃湁鍏鉤,鎬繪湁涓涓漢姣斿鏂逛粯鍑哄緱澶?鍗充嬌娌℃湁緇撴灉,涔熷埆瑙夊緱涓嶅?鍥犱負浣犵殑浠樺嚭涓嶅厜鏄負浜嗗ス,涔熸槸涓轟簡浣犺嚜宸辯殑鐖?涓虹埍浠樺嚭鏄緢鍙吹鐨?璧炶嚜宸變竴涓?
16.璇風暀涓鐐圭蹇?wbr>
鍦ㄥ唴蹇冩繁澶?鍝曞彧鏄竴涓緢灝忕殑瑙掕惤閲?璇蜂繚鎸佷竴浠界蹇?涓嶆槸騫肩,浣嗘湁鐨勬椂鍊欏崟綰竴鐐逛細璁╀綘寰堝揩涔?鎵浠ヤ笉瑕佸お璁¤緝寰楀け,鐢熸椿鏈棤瀹岀編
鍒ヤ漢濂藉鐨勫晱錛氥屽皧澶漢瑁介犱粈楹肩敘鍝侊紵銆嶅厛鐢熺瑧钁楀洖絳旓細銆屽ス灝堥杸瑁介犱笉鎰夊揩錛併?/p>
鎴戝戞瘡澶╂棭涓婇啋渚嗭紝灝卞彧鏈夊叐鍊嬮伕鎿囷細甯屾湜閫欎竴澶╅亷寰楀揩妯傞倓鏄笉蹇▊銆傚叾瀵﹂欏彧鏄竴紼績澧冪殑宸垾錛屽氨鐪嬫垜鍊戣嚜宸辯殑姹哄畾浜嗭紒
锝炴剦蹇殑鐢熸椿錛屾槸鐢辨剦蹇殑鎬濇兂鎵閫犳垚鐨勩?鈹 鐗涢爴锝?
鎴戞湁鍊嬫湅鍙嬪湪鍏徃瑁$殑浜虹罰寰堝ソ錛屼粬鎬ф儏寰堝ソ銆佸緟浜哄拰鍠勶紝騫句箮娌掍漢鐪嬩粬鐢熸埃閬庛傛湁涓嬈℃垜綞撻亷浠栧錛岄爢閬撳幓鐪嬬湅浠栵紝鍗葷櫦鐝句粬姝e湪闋傛〒涓婂皪钁楀ぉ涓婇閬庝締鐨勯姍熷惣鍙紝鎴戝ソ濂囩殑鍟忎粬鍘熷洜銆?/p>
浠栬錛氥屾垜浣忕殑鍦版柟闈犺繎姍熷牬錛屾瘡鐣墮姍熻搗钀芥檪閮芥渻鑱藉埌宸ㄥぇ鐨勫櫔闊熾傚緦渚嗭紝鐣舵垜蹇冩儏涓嶅ソ鎴栨槸鍙椾簡濮斿眻銆侀亣鍒版尗鎶橈紝鎯寵鐧艱劸姘f檪錛屾垜灝辨渻璺戜笂闋傛〒錛岀瓑寰呴姍熼閬庯紝鐒跺緦灝嶈憲椋涙鏀劇敓澶у惣銆傜瓑椋涙椋涜蛋浜嗭紝鎴戠殑涓嶅揩銆佹ㄦ埃涔熻椋涙涓浣靛付璧頒簡錛併?/p>
鍥炲鐨勮礬涓婏紝鎴戜笉紱佹兂钁楋紝鎬笉寰椾粬鑴炬埃閫欓杭濂斤紝鍘熶締浠栫煡閬撳浣曢仼鏅傚媧╄嚜宸辯殑鎯呯窉銆備竴鍛崇殑澹撴姂蹇冧腑涓嶅揩錛屼甫涓嶈兘瑙f焙鍟忛銆傚湪鐢熸椿姝ヨ綬婃箠綣佸繖鐨勭従浠婄ぞ鏈冧腑錛屼漢浜洪兘鎳夊緲掑浣曡垝瑙h嚜宸辯殑綺劇澹撳姏錛屽姝ゆ墠鑳芥椿鍑哄仴搴瘋眮閬旂殑浜虹敓錛?/p>
锝炰竴浜涘鍔涙槸蹇呴爤鐨勶紝灝卞儚鑸癸紝蹇呴爤瑕佹湁浜涙澅瑗垮幓澹撹埞錛屾墠鑳借埅琛?鈹鍙旀湰鑿綖
媧炲涵婀栨瘡鑷ㄥ啲瀛e氨涔炬陡錛屽ぇ閮ㄤ喚鐨勯瓪铦﹂兘琚紒澶墦鎾堣蛋銆傚彲鏄湪婀栬!鏈変竴紼彨娉ラ瓪鐨勶紝鐗犲嵒鏈夌墵鐨勬眰鐢熶箣閬撱?/p>
姣忛亣鍐ぉ錛屾償欖氬氨灝囧叏韜瘓閫叉繒娉ヨ!錛岀劧寰屽彛閵滄償姘達紝闈滄涓嶅嫊銆傛紒浜轟箥瑕嬶紝綹芥妸娉ラ瓪瑾や互鐐烘償宸達紝璁撶墵騫擱亱閫冮亷涓鍔紝絳夊埌渚嗗勾鏄ユ殩姘翠締錛屾償欖氬氨媧楃洝韜笂鐨勬償宸達紝蹇▊鍦版父鍏ユ按搴曘傚儚閫欓杭寰皬鐨勬償欖氾紝閮界煡閬撹闋嗘噳鐠板姹傜敓瀛橈紝韜偤钀墿涔嬮潏鐨勬垜鍊戯紝鍙堟庤兘鍙楁尗鏂奸嗗錛岃屼竴韞朵笉鎸憿錛?/p>
鍦ㄤ漢鐢熶腑錛屼篃璦辨垜鍊戣紩杓曡穼浜嗕竴璺わ紝灝辮炒钁楄啙钃嬬柤錛岃鍒ヤ漢鎵舵垜鍊戣搗渚嗭紱鍙槸鎴戝戠湅鐪嬫搨鍙拌辰涓婏紝鎷崇帇娉版.琚搳鍊掞紝鍙堟湁瑾頒締鎵朵粬鍛紵浠栧繀闋堥潬钁楄嚜宸辯殑鍔姏绔欒搗渚嗭紝鑰屼笖鍙湁鐭煭鍗佺閻樿屽凡銆傝兘鍐嶇珯璧蜂締錛屽氨鍙互鍐嶆埌錛屽彲浠ュ啀鎴愮偤鎷崇帇錛涘鏋滃掍笅鍘諱簡錛屾鏈冨氨娌掓湁浜嗐?/p>
锝炰漢媧昏憲灝辨噳瑭叉槸鍊嬩笉灞堟挀銆侀涓嶅灝鐨勫擠鑰?鈹鈹鈹 嫻鋒槑濞侊綖
鐓╂儽鏄垾浜哄付渚嗙殑錛屽揩妯傛槸鑷繁鎵懼埌鐨勶紒
[杞澆鏂囩珷,鍦板潃涓嶈]