*vector ,const char* c ,鐢?&vector[0]鍗沖彲
*string 錛宻tring.c_str()
17.浣跨敤“浜ゆ崲鎶宸?#8221;鏉ヤ慨姝ｈ繃鍓╁鍣?br />*vector<Contestant> vec(contestants).swap(contestants)
18.閬垮厤浣跨敤vector<bool>
涓や釜闂
*瀹冧笉鏄竴涓猄TL瀹瑰櫒錛屽畠騫朵笉瀹圭撼bool
濡傛灉C鏄竴涓猅綾誨瀷鐨勫璞＄殑瀹瑰櫒錛屼笖C鏀寔operator[],閭ｄ箞浠ヤ笅浠ｇ爜蹇呴』鑳藉閫氳繃緙栬瘧
T* p= &c[0] //鏃犺operator[]榪斿洖浠涔堬紝閮藉彲浠ョ敤榪欎釜鍦板潃鍒濆鍖栦竴涓猅*
浣嗘槸vector<bool>涓仛浜嗕紭鍖栵紝閲岄潰瀛樻斁鐨勬槸bit鍊?br />deque鍐呴儴鍐呭瓨涓嶆槸榪炵畫鐨勶紝浣嗛噷闈㈠瓨鐨勬槸bool鍊?br />榪樻湁涓涓猙itse鍙В鍐寵繖涓棶棰?/p>
19.浜嗚В鐩哥瓑鍜岀瓑浠風殑鍖哄埆
*鐩哥瓑鐨勬蹇墊槸鍩轟簬operator== ,絳変環鐨勬蹇靛熀浜巓perator<
20.涓烘寚閽堢殑鍏寵仈瀹瑰櫒鎸囧畾姣旇緝綾誨瀷
鍏寵仈瀹瑰櫒瀵?鐩稿悓 鐨勫畾涔夋槸絳変環
21.姘歌繙璁╂瘮杈冨嚱鏁板鐩哥瓑鐨勫艱繑鍥瀎alse
22.閬垮厤鍘熷湴淇敼set鍜宮ultiset鐨勯敭
]]>
鏉℃10錛屾敞鎰忓垎閰嶅櫒鐨勫崗瀹氬拰綰︽潫
濡傛灉瑕佽嚜瀹氫箟鍒嗛厤鍣?br />*鎶婁綘鐨勫垎閰嶅櫒鍋氭垚涓涓ā鏉匡紝甯︽湁妯℃澘鍙傛暟T錛屼唬琛ㄤ綘瑕佸垎閰嶇殑鍐呭瓨鐨勫璞＄被鍨?br />*鎻愪緵pointer鍜宺eference鐨則ypedef錛屼絾鎬繪槸璁﹑ointer鏄疶* reference鏄疶&
*閫氬父錛屽垎閰嶅櫒涓嶈兘鏈夐潪闈欐佺殑鏁版嵁鎴愬憳
*璁板緱搴旇浼犵粰鍒嗛厤鍣ㄧ殑allocate鎴愬憳鍑芥暟闇瑕佸垎閰嶇殑瀵硅薄涓暟鑰屼笉鏄瓧鑺傛暟錛屼篃搴旇璁板緱榪欎簺鍑芥暟榪斿洖T*鎸囬拡錛屽嵆鏃惰繕娌℃湁T瀵硅薄琚瀯閫?br />*涓瀹氳鎻愪緵鏍囧噯瀹瑰櫒渚濊禆鐨勫唴宓宺ebind妯℃澘
鏉℃12錛屽STL瀹瑰櫒綰跨▼瀹夊叏鎬х殑鏈熷緟鐜板疄涓浜?/p>
template<typename Container>class Lock
{
public:
Lock(const Container container): c( containner ){
Lock( getMutexFor( c );
} ~Lock(){ releaseMutexFor( c ); }private:const Container& c;
};vector<int> v;{ Lock< vect< int > > lock( v ); vector<int>::iterator first5( find(v.begin() v.end(), 5)); if( first5 != v.end()){ *first5 = 0; }}
]]>
c.erase ( remove( c.begin(), c.end(), 1963 ), c.end錛堬級 錛夛紱//褰揅鏃秜ector,string ,deque鏃訛紝榪欐槸涓澶勭壒瀹氬煎緱鍏冪礌鐨勬渶浣蟲柟娉?br />*褰揅鏄爣鍑嗗叧鑱斿鍣ㄧ殑鏃跺?map, set)浣跨敤浠諱綍鍙仛remove鐨勪笢瑗塊兘鏄畬鍏ㄩ敊璇殑
鑰屽簲璇ョ洿鎺ラ噰鐢╟.erase(1963)瀵規暟鐨勯珮鏁堟椂闂?br />*浣嗗鏋滄搷浣滄槸浠嶤涓櫎鍘繪瘡涓湁鐗瑰畾鍊肩殑鐗╀綋
bool bandValue(int x)
瀵逛簬搴忓垪瀹瑰櫒錛坴ector, string,deque,list)鎴戜滑瑕佸仛鐨勫彧鏄妸姣忎釜remove鏇挎崲涓簉emove_if鐒跺悗灝監K浜?br />c.erase( remove_if(c.begin(), c.end(), badValue), c.end())//vector,string,deque
c.remove_if( badValue ) //list
瀵逛簬鏍囧噯鍏寵仈瀹瑰櫒錛?br />AssocContainner<int> c;
for(AssoContainer<int>::iterator i = c.begin();
i!= c.end(); )
{
if(badValue(*i)) c.erase(i++);
else ++i;
}
]]>
*瀵逛簬鎵鏈夋爣鍑嗗簭鍒楀鍣?vector錛?string, deque, 鍜宭ist)閮芥湁鏁堬紝鏃犺浣曟椂浣犲繀欏誨畬鍏ㄦ浛浠ｄ竴涓鍣ㄧ殑鍐呭錛屼綘灝卞簲璇ユ兂鍒拌祴鍊?br />*insert錛屾瘡嬈￠兘蹇呴』縐誨姩涓烘柊鍏冪礌鑵懼嚭絀洪棿
*搴忓垪瀹瑰櫒erase鏃惰繑鍥炶凱浠ｅ櫒錛岃屽叧鑱斿鍣ㄨ繑鍥炵┖
鏉℃鍏紝璀︽儠C++鏈浠や漢鎭兼掔殑瑙ｆ瀽
int g( double pf() ) pf鍏跺疄鏄竴涓寚閽?br />int g( double() );鍚屼笂錛屽嚱鏁板悕鐪佺暐
int g( double x) == int g( double (x) )
鏉℃涓冿紝 褰撴椂鐢╪ew寰楁寚閽堢殑瀹瑰櫒鏃訛紝璁板緱鍦ㄩ攢姣佸鍣ㄥ墠delete閭ｄ簺鎸囬拡
*榪欐牱鐨勪唬鐮侀犳垚鍐呭瓨娉勯湶
void doSomething(){ vector<Widget*> vwp; for(int i =0 ; i < SOME_MAGIC_NUMBER; ++i) { vwp.push_back(new Widget); } //浣跨敤瀹屾瘯鐨勬椂鍊欙紝vwp鍐呯殑Widget瀵硅薄娌℃湁閲婃斁}
鏈綆鍗曠殑瀹炵幇鏂規硶鏄?/p>
void doSomething(){ for(vector<Widget*>::iterator i = vwp.begin(); != vwp.end(); ++i) { delete *i; }}
榪欐牱鐨勯棶棰樻槸for寰幆浠ｇ爜澶氫綑for_each錛屼絾娌℃湁浣跨敤for_each綆鍗曟槑浜?br />鍙︿竴涓棶棰樻槸榪欐浠ｇ爜涓嶆槸寮傚父瀹夊叏鐨?/p>
綆媧佷笉鑰冭檻寮傚父鐨勬柟娉?/p>
struct DeleteObject{ template<typename T> void operator()(const T* ptr) const { delete prt; }};void doSomething(){ deque<SpecialString*> dssp; for_each( dssp.begin(), dssp.end(), DeleteObject());}void doSomething(){ typedef boost::shar_ptr<Widget> SPW; vector<SPW> vwp; for(int i = 0; i <SOME_MAGIC_NUMBER; ++i) { vwp.push_back( SPW(new Widget)); }}
]]>
鏉℃鍥?瀹瑰櫒鐢╡mpty鏉ヤ唬鏇挎鏌ize()鏄惁涓?
*鐞嗙敱寰堢畝鍗曪紝瀵逛簬鎵鏈夌殑鏍囧噯瀹瑰櫒錛宔mpty鏄竴涓父鏁版椂闂寸殑鎿嶄綔錛屼絾瀵逛簬涓浜汱ist瀹炵幇錛宻ize()鑺辮垂綰挎ф椂闂?br />*list鐨剆ize鑺辮垂綰挎ф椂闂存槸鍥犱負涓轟簡璁﹕plice鍙樹負甯告暟鏃墮棿錛岃繖鏄竴涓鍝釜鍑芥暟瀹炵幇鏈楂樻晥鐜囩殑闂
鎵浠ュ浜庢墍鏈夊鍣ㄦ潵璇達紝鐢╡mpty()鑰屼笉鏄痵ize()==0
]]>
UML 鐨勫嚑鐐?鎬葷粨錛屼笉涓瀹氬銆傘?br />鍏寵仈涓鑸繚瀛樼殑閮芥槸鎸囬拡
鑱氬悎涓鑸繚瀛樼殑閮芥槸瀵硅薄
渚濊禆涓鑸兘鏄弬鏁?br />鍏寵仈閮芥槸鎴戜富鍔ㄦ柟鎸囧悜琚姩鏂?br />
涓鑸潵璁蹭笉瑕佽繖涔堝啓錛?/p>
class Widget{
};vector<Widget> vw;Widget bestWidget;vector<Widget>::iterator i = find(vw.begin(), vw.end(),bestWidget);
瑕佽繖涔堝啓
class Widget{};typedef vector<Widget> WidgetContainer;typedef WidgetContainer::iterator WCIterator;WidgetContainer cw;Widget bestWidget;WCIterator i = find(cw.begin(), cw.end(),bestWidget);
]]>
*vector list deque 錛寁ector鏄竴縐嶅彲浠ラ粯璁や嬌鐢ㄧ殑搴忓垪綾誨瀷錛屽綋寰堥綣佺殑瀵瑰簭鍒椾腑榪涜鎻掑叆鍜屽垹闄ょ殑鏃跺欏簲璇ョ敤list錛屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎鍙戠敓鍦ㄥ熬閮ㄧ殑璇濈敤deque榪欑鏁版嵁緇撴瀯
*榪炵畫鍐呭瓨瀹瑰櫒鍜屽熀浜庤妭鐐圭殑瀹瑰櫒鐨勫尯鍒?br />榪炵畫瀹瑰櫒vector/string/deque鍦ㄤ竴涓垨鑰呭涓唴瀛樺潡涓繚瀛樺畠浠殑鍏冪礌錛屽鏋滄柊鍏冪礌琚彃鍏ユ垨鑰呭凡瀛樺厓绱犺鍒犻櫎錛屽叾浠栧湪鍚屼竴涓唴瀛樺潡涓殑鍏冪礌蹇呴』鍚戜笂鎴栬呭悜涓嬬Щ鍔ㄦ潵涓烘柊鍏冪礌鎻愪緵絀洪棿鎴栬呭～鍏呭師鏉ヨ鍒犻櫎鐨勫厓绱犳墍鍗犵殑絀洪棿錛岃繖縐嶇Щ鍔ㄥ獎鍝嶄簡鏁堢巼銆?br />鍩轟簬鑺傜偣鐨刲ist錛屾彃鍏ユ垨鑰呭垹闄ょ殑鏃跺欎笉闇瑕佺Щ鍔?br />*搴忓垪瀹瑰櫒鍦ㄤ換鎰忎綅緗彃鍏ヤ竴涓柊鍏冪礌錛屽叧鑱斿鍣ㄤ笉鍙互
*瀹瑰櫒涓殑鏁版嵁鐨勫唴瀛樺竷灞闇瑕佸吋瀹笴鍚楋紝濡傛灉鏄紝閭ｅ彧鑳界敤vector
*鏌ユ壘閫熷害錛屾暎鍒楀鍣ㄣ嬫帓搴忕殑vector>鏍囧噯鐨勫叧鑱斿鍣?br />*闇瑕佸彲闈犵殑鎻掑叆鍜屽垹闄ょ殑鑳藉姏錛屽鏋滄槸闇瑕佷嬌鐢ㄥ熀浜庤妭鐐圭殑瀹瑰櫒
*闇瑕佽凱浠ｅ櫒銆佹寚閽堛佸紩鐢ㄧ殑瀹炴晥嬈℃暟鍑忓皯鍒版渶灝忥紝濡傛灉鏄紝浣跨敤浠嬩簬鑺傜偣鐨勫鍣紝涓鑸潵璇達紝鍦ㄨ繛緇鍣ㄤ笂鐨勬彃鍏ュ拰鍒犻櫎浼氫嬌鎵鏈夋寚鍚戝鍣ㄧ殑榪唬鍣ㄦ寚閽堝拰寮曠敤瀹炴晥
]]>
1銆佸掕漿鍗曢摼琛?/p>
闈為掑綊娉?/p>
- struct Node
- {
- int data;
- Node * next;
- }
- void reverse(Node*& head) {
- if (head == NULL) {
- return;
- }
- Node * pre, * cur, * nxt;
- pre = head;
- cur = head -> next;
- while (cur != NULL) {
- pre = cur -> next;
- pre = cur;
- cur = nxt;
- nxt = nxt -> next;
- }
- head -> next = NULL;
- head = pre;
- }
閫掑綊娉?/p>
- Node * reverse(Node * node, Node *&head)
- {
- if (node == NULL || node -> next == NULL) {
- head = node;
- return;
- }
- else {
- Node * nxt = reverse(node -> next, head)
- node = nxt -> next;
- return node;
- }
- }
- 鏈鍚庤灝嗚繑鍥炵殑node鐨刵ext鍩熻涓篘ULL銆?nbsp;
2銆佹壘鍑哄掓暟絎琸涓厓绱?鎴栦腑闂村厓绱狅級錛氳緗揩鎱㈡寚閽?br />
3銆佸垹闄ょ幆鐘跺崟閾捐〃鐨勪竴涓妭鐐癸紝鍙粰瀹氭寚鍚戣鍒犻櫎鑺傜偣鐨勬寚閽?/p>
鎬濊礬錛氭棤娉曡幏鍙栧墠涓涓寚閽堬紝閭ｄ箞鍙垹闄や笅涓涓妭鐐癸紝浜ゆ崲褰撳墠鑺傜偣鍜屼笅涓涓妭鐐圭殑鍊煎嵆鍙?br />
4銆佷袱涓湁搴忛摼琛ㄧ殑鍚堝茍
褰掑茍鍗沖彲
5銆佸垽鏂崟閾捐〃鏄惁鏈夌幆錛熺幆棣栵紵
鏄惁鏈夌幆錛氬揩鎱㈡寚閽堬紝濡傛灉鐩擱亣錛岃鏄庡瓨鍦ㄧ幆
鐜錛氬彲鍏堟眰鍑虹幆闀褲備竴涓渾鍐呯殑榪藉強闂錛屼袱嬈＄浉閬囨椂鎱㈡寚閽堣蛋榪囩殑璺濈鍗崇幆闀匡紱
姝ゆ椂鍋囪鎱㈡寚閽堝凡璧頒簡i姝ワ紝鍒欏揩鎸囬拡宸茶蛋浜?i姝ワ紱涓や釜鎸囬拡鍚屾椂鍊掗i姝ョ殑浣嶇疆錛屾參鎸囬拡閫鍒伴摼棣栵紝蹇寚閽堥鍒癷澶勶紝鍒欎粠榪欎袱涓綅緗搗錛屾寚閽堝悇璧癷姝ユ棦鑳藉湪鐜唴鐩擱亣銆?/p>
浜庢槸鍙緗袱涓寚閽堬紝涓涓湪閾鵑澶勶紝涓涓湪i澶勶紝姝ラ暱涓?錛岀涓嬈＄浉閬囩殑鑺傜偣鍗充負鐜鐨勪綅緗?/p>
6銆佸浣曞垽鏂袱涓摼琛ㄦ槸鍚︿氦鍙夛紵濡傛灉鎵懼埌浜ゅ弶鐐癸紵
鎬濊礬鍚?
]]>